Rugby School Thailand Design & Technology Senior School

Hand Mixers (Advanced)

This is a more advanced sheet than the first Hand Held Whisk sheet as there are more sketches and they are much smaller, meaning that you need greater control of the marker pen.

You should start by applying fine line pen to the page using a combination of thin (0.3), medium (0.5) and thick (0.8) lines

This image shows thin (0.3) 'hairline' lines as the first pass. This thickness of fine line allows you to show detail in your line work.

A reminder of the Spider technique (thanks to Ken Rowley)

The spider technique

This is a crucial step to aid my viewer to see the depth of the shape and better recognize how the shape would be as a 3d object. The main principle is that if a spider can crawl straight on the object the line can be thin but when it has to crawl under like in the image the line has to be thick. Basically, if the shape is on the same level and the main object the line can be thin but if it's at a different depth the line has to be darker as shown in the picture. I drew this image so it is easier to understand. These kind of techniques may seem small but they are really important and can make a big impact on the sketch.

Here we can see how a medium line (0.5) has been applied to help communicate the 3D shape on these 2D sketches

A thick line should be applied around the outside edge of all of the shape as well as anywhere where there is a hole through such as handles.

❌ bad fine lining can really ruin a design page! ❌

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Marker Rendering

When you apply marker, there are some rules you can follow to help

Use the point of the chisel tip for a thinner more detailed line of colour

Use the width of the chisel tip to apply wider lines of colour

Apply the colour following the length of the shape

Apply colour up to the centre line of the design with the colour applied mostly to the side of the shape that is furthest away from your selected light source.

Allow the ink time to dry and apply darker tones by layering the ink getting lighted towards the centre line.

Consider where the shape may have shadows in relation to the selected light source. The shapes should always be darker along the bottom edge!

Consider how design details will look in relation to the selected light source

Apply soft black pencil and white pencil to enhance shadow and tone to give more realistic appearance to the rendering of the shapes

Student Examples of this page completed:

Note: You do not have to fine line and render all of the shapes!

Digital Version in Procreate

You now need to create the Line work in Procreate. The version visible below has many layers for the fineline work. The advantage of this is that some of the sketches can be removed (to show the blue pencil sketch) that could possibly make the sheet look more aesthetically pleasing.

Your teacher will demonstrate to you how to change the quality of the line so that you can get smoother lines, through using Streamlning and Stabilization.

Note: I have created 12 layers of Linework. This allows me to choose which ones I wish to show in my final presentation, as it gives me options. If I sketch all of the linework on the same layer then it becomes more difficult to hide some sketches.

Alternatively, you can sketch all of the linework on one layer and then duplicate a number of times and use the eraser tool to remove some of the sketches, although this is not the better strategy!

Next we are going to use masks and material textures:

Here are some examples......

Things to include:

Carefully considered images or material images making sure that the image you have selected to use is good quality e.g. not blurry

Highlights using an air brush and white colour with some opacity. Apply this in thin lines on the side of the object nearest the light source

Shadows using an air brush and black colour with some opacity. Apply this on the side of the object furthest away from the light source and anywhere where the shape would be naturally dark

Use colour blocks to emphasise one or two main concepts from the page

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