The American Bayonet 1776/1964 by Albert Hardin
Information about this bayonet
This Type 3 has a 23.4 millimeter muzzle ring (.577 Caliber) and the Variation 2 has a 657 millimeter large curved blade.
Information from other sources
Albert N. Hardin, The American Bayonet 1776/1964, #116 v3
"The 21.5 inch (546 mm) long yataghan curved blade is 1.1875 inch (30 mm) wide and .25 inch (6.4 mm) thick. It has wide, shallow fullers. The blade bulk is ill-matched to the rather diminutive hilt."
"The slim all-brass hilt is a rather crude casting, 4.375 inches (111 mm) long. The guard is narrow and scarcely adequate; its surfaces are roughly filed and poorly fitted into the mating surfaces. The bore is .922 inch (23.4 mm) in diameter. The lower guard terminates in a rough, non-circular, disk finial. The finger-ridges cast into the grip are rough and show many sand holes from poor casting. The short stud spring is very light."
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John W. McAden, Jr. and Chris E. Fonvielle, Jr., Louis Froelich Arms-Maker to the Confederacy
Froelich produced approximately 7,000 saber bayonets during the war for various rifles and muskets manufactured by mostly small, privately owned and operated North Carolina factories under state contract. The diameter of the bore on Froelich's saber bayonets came in three caliber sizes, .50, .54 and .577 as North Carolina had no standard caliber muskets and rifles early in the war.
The steel blades had unstopped fullers on both sides and varied from 19.5 to 20.75 inches (495 to 527 mm) in length and 1 to 1.25 inches (25 to 32 mm) in width. The construction of the cast brass hilts was consistent at 4.5 inches (114 mm) long, 1 inch (25 mm) thick at the middle, and the distance from the bore to the stud guide was 3 to 3.25 inches. The scabbards were made of leather with tin or brass throat and tip mounts.
Speculation and questions
The Type designation of the Froelich produced bayonets is based solely on the inside diameter of the muzzle ring with three types currently identified. It is assumed that the Type 1 bayonets are for the .50 caliber firearms with 21.4 millimeter muzzle rings, the Type 2 bayonets are for the .54 caliber firearms with 22.4 millimeter muzzle rings and the Type 3 bayonets are for the .577 caliber firearms with 23.4 millimeter muzzle rings.
Variation within Types is primarily based on differences in blade construction.
Muzzle Ring Diameter -------- 23.4
Overall Length ---------------- 657
Hilt Length -------------------- 111
Blade Length ------------------ 546
Blade Width ------------------- 30.2
Blade Thickness --------------- 6.4
Lock to Muzzle Length ------- ?
Press Stud Spring Length ---- ?
Guide Slot Length ------------ None
Lug to Stop Length ----------- ?
Lug Slot Width --------------- ?
Lug Width -------------------- ?
Lug Thickness ---------------- ?