kingdom Plantae - plants » divisio Magnoliophyta - flowering plants » class Rosopsida - eudicots » order Malpighiales » family Violaceae » tribus Violeae > genus Viola > Viola sect. Viola L. > Viola subsect. Viola L.
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Common names: 匍匐堇菜 pu fu jin cai
Synon.: Viola pogonantha W. W. Smith; V. serpens Wallich ex Gingins; V. serpens subsp. gurhwalensis W. Becker; V. serpens var. pseudoscotophylla H. Boissieu.
Distributional Range: Native Asia-Temperate WESTERN ASIA: Afghanistan CHINA: China [Jiangxi Sheng, Sichuan Sheng, Yunnan Sheng, Xizang Zizhiqu] Asia-Tropical INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: Bhutan, India, [Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Kerala, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Karnataka, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh] Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka INDO-CHINA: Myanmar, Thailand MALESIA: Indonesia [Jawa, Lesser Sunda Islands, Sulawesi (s.w.), Sumatera (c.)]
Habitat: Mountain forests, grasslands, roadsides; 800-3000 m.
References:
Backer, C. A. & R. C. Bakhuizen van den Brink, Jr. 1963-1968. Flora of Java. Note: = Viola serpens Wall. ex Ging.
Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1959-. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae.
Dassanayake, M. D. & F. R. Fosberg, eds. 1980-. A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon.
Grierson, A. J. C. & D. J. Long. 1984-. Flora of Bhutan including a record of plants from Sikkim.
Hara, H. et al. 1978-1982. An enumeration of the flowering plants of Nepal.
Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. 1970-. Flora of [West] Pakistan.
Okamoto, M. & K. Ueda. 1986. A new species of violet from Seram (Moluccas). Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 1:4.
Okamoto, M. et al. 1993. Morphology and chromosome number of Viola pilosa, and its systematic position. Taxon 42:781-787.
Okamoto, M. 1984. A new species of Viola collected in East Kalimantan, with notes on seed dispersal of the allied species concerned. Bull. Osaka Mus. Nat. Hist. 37:13.
Polunin, O. & A. Stainton. 1984. Flowers of the Himalaya
Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963-. Flora iranica.
Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
Steenis, C. G. G. J. van, ed. 1948-. Flora malesiana.