kingdom Plantae - plants »  divisio Magnoliophyta - flowering plants »  class Rosopsida - eudicots » order Malpighiales »  family Violaceae »  tribus Violeae > genus Viola > Viola sect. Plagiostigma Godr.  > Viola subsect. Adnatae W. Becker 

Viola ulleungdoensis M. Kim & J. Lee

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Synon.: Viola betonicifolia Smith f. pubescens H. Hara; V. philippica Cavanilles var. yunnanfuensis W. Becker. 

Common name: Korean name: Ulleung-Jebikkot 울릉제비꽃

Etymology: The specific epithet is derived from Ulleung Island where this new species is located.

Description: Herbs perennial. acaulescent, without adventitious buds, 12−20 cm tall. Rhizomes short, stout. Leaves basal, numerous;stipules adnate to petiole, 1.0−1.5 cm; petiole glabrous, 7−9 cm in length; leaf blade ovate, 5.5−8.5 in length, 4.5−6.0 cm in width, adaxial surface pubescent, abaxial surface glabrous. Pedicels 8−11 cm, glabrous; bracteoles linear, 8−10−mm. Sepals 5, green, 0.9−1.2 cm in length, glabrous. Petals 5, purple; 2 upper one 13−17 × 7−9 cm; 2 lateral one beardless, 15−19 × 5−9−mm; 1 lower one 8−12 × 5−9−mm; spur 8−12 mm. Stamens 5. Pistil 1; ovary glabrous; style clavate; stigna capitate, beaked in front. Capsule obovate, 7−9 mm, glabrous; seed numerous, brown. Flowering April.

Distribution: Native Asia-Temperate EASTERN ASIA: Korea [Is. Ulleung, Gyeongsangbukdo Province]

Habitat: The natural habitats of Viola ulleungdoensis M. Kim & J. Lee were found in open woodlands in the Mt. Seonginbong area. This new species occurs in woodland places under trees in forests dominated by Fagus multinervis, Acer okamotoanum, and Acer takesimense. This species also occurs with other herbaceous species dominated by Hepatica maxima, Trillium tschonoskii, Viola kusanoana, and Disporum sessile.

References:

1. A New species of Viola (Violaceae): V. ulleungdoensis M. Kim & J. Lee 2012 10.11110/kjpt.2012.42.3.202