Tropaeolaceae
Tropaeolaceae Juss. ex DC., Prodr. 1: 683. 1824. nom. cons. 'Nasturtium Family'
Salient Features
Members are herbaceous vines climbing with twining petioles.
Leaves spirally arranged, long petioled, peltate or palmately lobed or divided.
Flowers solitary axillary, bisexual, zygomorphic, with spurred calyx and clawed petals.
Stamens 8 (4+4), free.
Gynoecium of 3 united carpels, 3-locular, each locule with one apical axile ovule.
Fruit a schizocarp of 3 one-seeded mericars.
Diversity:
World- 2 genera, 89 species (The Plant List 2013); 1 genus, 94 species (Christenhusz & Byng 2016); 1 genus, 92 species (Mabberley 2017); 1 genus, 95 species (Roskov et al. 2021)
India - 1 genus, 1 species (Karthikeyan 2000; BSI 2021)
Indian Himalaya- 1 genus, 1 species (Singh et al. 2019)
Uttarakhand - 1 genus, 1 species (Uniyal et al. 2007)
General Characters:
Tropaeolaceae in Watson & Dallwitz (1992 onwards)
Tropaeolaceae in POWO 2021 (Plants of the World Online)
Tropaeolaceae in Wikipedia
Systematic Position of Family in Different Systems of Classifications:
Systematic position in 2-Superkingdom, 7-Kingdom classification of Ruggiero et al. (2015)
Super Kingdom- Eukaryota, Kingdom- Plantae, Subkingdom- Viridiplantae, Infrakingdom- Streptophyta, Superphylum- Embryophyta, Phylum- Tracheophyta, Subphylum- Spermatophytina, Superclass- Angiospermae, Class- Magnoliopsida, Superorder- Rosanae, Order- Brassicales
Bentham & Hooker (1862-83) ?????
Class : Dicotyledons
Subclass : Gamopetalae
Series : Bicarpellatae
Orders : Personales
Engler & Prantl (1887-1915)
Kingdom : Plantae
Division : Embryophyta Siphonogama
Subdivision : Angiospermae
Class : Dicotyledoneae
Subclass : Archichlamydeae
Order : Geraniales
Suborder : Geraniineae
Hutchinson (1973)
Phylum : Angiospermae
Subphylum : Dicotyledones
Division : Herbaceae
Order : Geraniales
Cronquist (1988)
Division : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Rosidae
Order : Geraniales
Thorne & Reveal (2007)
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Malvidae
Super Order: Capparanae
Order : Capparales
Takhtajan (2009)
Phylum : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Dilleniidae
Super Order : Capparanae
Order : Tropaeolales
Reveal (2012)
Class : Equisetopsida
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Super Order : Myrtanae
Order : Capparales
APG-IV (2016)
Clade : Angiosperms
Clade : Eudicots
Clade : Core Eudicots
Clade : Superrosids
Clade : Rosids
Clade : Malvids
Order : Brassicales
Shipunov (2020)
Class : Angiospermae
Subclass : Rosidae
Super Order : Malvanae
Order : Brassicales
Suborder : Salvadorineae
Genera & Species in Pantnagar
To see larger images please click on the names
***Cultivated Flora***
Tropaeolum majus L.
Vernacular name: Garden Nasturtium, Indian Cress, Monks Cress
Nativity: Peru (POWO, 2019)
Common Characteristics: Annual herbs. Leaves peltate, orbicular, glabrous, petole attached to the centre of leaf underside, margin entire . Flowers solitary, axillary, spurred, orange, yellow or red.
Flowering period: December to March
Propagation Methods: Grown by seeds (Dave’s Garden)
Photographed @ MFC