Geraniaceae
Geraniaceae Juss., Gen. Pl. 268. 1789. nom. cons. 'Geranium Family'
Salient Features
Members are herbs or shrubs.
Leaves in spirals, less often opposite, usually loned, compound or dissected pinnately or palmately.
Inflorescence usually cymes.
Flowers bisexual, pentamerous, dichlamydeous, with nectariferous glands alternating with the petals.
Stamens in two whorls (5+5), some or all of outer staminodal.
Gymoecium of 5 united carpels, pentalocular, eacl locule usually with two axile ovules.
Fruit of one seeded 5 mericarps, separating acropetally from beak.
Diversity:
World- 7 genera, 841 species (The Plant List 2013); 5 genera, 830 species (Christenhusz & Byng 2016); 5 genera, 800 species (Mabberley 2017); 4 genera, 768 species (Roskov et al. 2021)
India - 5 genera, 44 species (Karthikeyan 2000); 4 genera, 47 species (BSI, 2021)
Indian Himalaya- 3 genera, 33 species (Singh et al. 2019)
Uttarakhand - 3 genera, 24 species (Pusalkar & Srivastava 2018)
General Characters:
Geraniaceae in Watson & Dallwitz (1992 onwards)
Geraniaceae in POWO 2021 (Plants of the World Online)
Geraniaceae in Wikipedia
Systematic Position of Family in Different Systems of Classifications:
Systematic position in 2-Superkingdom, 7-Kingdom classification of Ruggiero et al. (2015)
Super Kingdom- Eukaryota, Kingdom- Plantae, Subkingdom- Viridiplantae, Infrakingdom- Streptophyta, Superphylum- Embryophyta, Phylum- Tracheophyta, Subphylum- Spermatophytina, Superclass- Angiospermae, Class- Magnoliopsida, Superorder- Rosanae, Order- Geraniales
Bentham & Hooker (1862-83)
Class : Dicotyledons
Subclass : Polypetalae
Series : Disciflorae
Orders : Geraniales
Engler & Prantl (1887-1915)
Kingdom : Plantae
Division : Embryophyta Siphonogama
Subdivision : Angiospermae
Class : Dicotyledoneae
Subclass : Archichlamydeae
Order : Geraniales
Suborder : Geraniineae
Hutchinson (1973)
Phylum : Angiospermae
Subphylum : Dicotyledones
Division : Herbaceae
Order : Geraniales
Cronquist (1988)
Division : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Rosidae
Order : Geraniales
Thorne & Reveal (2007)
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Rosidae
Super Order: Geranianae
Order : Geraniales
Takhtajan (2009)
Phylum : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Rosidae
Super Order : Rutanae
Order : Geraniales
Reveal (2012)
Class : Equisetopsida
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Super Order : Rosanae
Order : Geraniales
APG-IV (2016)
Clade : Angiosperms
Clade : Eudicots
Clade : Core Eudicots
Clade : Superrosids
Clade : Rosids
Clade : Malvids
Order : Geraniales
Shipunov (2020)
Class : Angiospermae
Subclass : Rosidae
Super Order : Malvanae
Order : Geraniales
Suborder : Geraniineae
Genera & Species in Pantnagar
To see larger images please click on the names
