Rutaceae
Rutaceae Juss., Gen. Pl. 296. 1789. nom. cons. 'Rue/Citrus Family'
Characteristic Features:
Trees, shrubs, lianas or herbs with aromatic glands
Leaves usually compound, bearing pellucid glands
Flowers actinomorphic, bisexual, hypogynous, with annular nectariferous disk
Stamens free or polyadelphous, sometimes obdiplostemonous
Fruit a berry, hesperidium, schizocarp or drupe
Diversity:
World- 158 genera 1,730 species (The Plant List 2013); 148 genera 2,070 species (Christenhusz & Byng 2016); 153 genera, 1975 species (Mabberely 2017); 153 genera, 2195 species (Roskov et al. 2021)
India - 29 genera 114 species (Karthikeyan 2000); 33 genera, 99 species (BSI, 2021)
Indian Himalaya- 21 genera, 56 species (Singh et al. 2019)
Uttarakhand - 15 genera 29 species (Uniyal et al. 2007), 13 genera 27 species (Pusalkar & Srivastava 2018)
General Characters:
Rutaceae in POWO 2021 (Plants of the World Online)
Rutaceae in Wikipedia
Systematic Position of the Family in Different Systems of Classifications:
Systematic position in 2-Superkingdom, 7-Kingdom classification of Ruggiero et al. (2015)
Super Kingdom- Eukaryota, Kingdom- Plantae, Subkingdom- Viridiplantae, Infrakingdom- Streptophyta, Superphylum- Embryophyta, Phylum- Tracheophyta, Subphylum- Spermatophytina, Superclass- Angiospermae, Class- Magnoliopsida, Superorder- Rosanae, Order-Sapindales
Bentham & Hooker (1862-83)
Class : Dicotyledons
Subclass : Polypetalae
Series : Disciflorae
Orders : Geraniales
Engler & Prantl (1887-1915)
Kingdom : Plantae
Division : Embryophyta Siphonogama
Subdivision: Angiospermae
Class : Dicotyledoneae
Subclass : Archichlamydeae
Order : Geraniales
Hutchinson (1973)
Phylum : Angiospermae
Subphylum : Dicotyledones
Division : Lignosae
Order : Rutales
Cronquist (1988)
Division : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Rosidae
Order : Sapindales
Thorne & Reveal (2007)
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Maividae
Super Order: Rutanae
Order : Rutales
Takhtajan (2009)
Phylum : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Rosidae
Super Order: Rutanae
Order : Rutales
Reveal (2012)
Class : Equisetopsida
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Super Order: Myrtanae
Order : Sapindales
Suborder : Rutineae
APG-IV (2016)
Clade : Angiosperms
Clade : Eudicots
Clade : Core Eudicots
Clade : Superrosids
Clade : Rosids
Clade : Malvids
Order : Sapindale
Shipunov (2020)
Class : Angiospermae
Subclass : Rosidae
Super Order: Malvanae
Order : Sapindales
Suborder : Sapindineae
Genera & Species in Pantnagar
To see larger images please click on the names
~~~Wild Flora~~~
Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa
Clausena heptaphylla (Roxb.) Wight & Arn.
Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) DC.
***Cultivated Flora***
Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa
Vernacular name: Golden-apple, Stone apple, Wood apple (English), Bael (Hindi)
Nativity: Indian Subcontinent (POWO, 2019)
Common Characteristics: Deciduous, small or medium-sized trees. Leaves alternate, 3-foliolate, leaflets ovate or linear-lanceolate, apex acuminate, margin, crenate-serrate. Flowers in panicles. Fruit a drupe.
Flowering period: February to May
Propagation Methods: Grown by seeds and by grafting (Dave’s Garden, 2019)
Photographed @ MFC
Ravenia spectabilis (Lindl.) Engl.
Vernacular name: Lemonia, Limonia, Ravenia
Nativity: Cuba to Haiti (POWO, 2019)
Common Characteristics: Evergreen shrubs. Leaves elliptic, smooth, opposite, trifoliate. Flower solitary or few paired, petals 5, unequal.
Flowering period: Throughout the year
Propagation Methods: Propagated by stem cuttings and simple air layering (Dave’s Garden)
Photographed @ Garden Section