Heliconiaceae

Heliconiaceae Nakai, J. Jap. Bot. 17: 201. 1941. 'Heliconia Family'

Salient Features

The members are herbaceous perennials with leafsheaths forming pseudostem.
Leaves distichous, with basal sheath.
Inflorescence a terminal thyrse, usually on leafy shoots.
Flowers fascicled in the axil of large colourful bract, each flower subtended by bracteoles, bisexual, trimerous.
Perianth petaloid, zygomorphic, basally forming a tube.
Stamens 2+3, inserted on perianth tube.
Gynoecium of three united carpels, ovary ingerior, 3-locular, one ovule per locule.
Fruit a drupe, on elongated pedicel, with three pyres.

Diversity:

World- 1 genus, 204 species (The Plant List 2013); 1 genera, 194 species (Christenhusz & Byng 2016); 1 genera, 100-200 species (Mabberley 2017); 1 genus, 199 species (Roskov et al. 2021)
India - ?
Uttarakhand - ?
Pantnagar - genera, species

General Characters:

Heliconiaceae in Watson & Dallwitz (1992 onwards)
Heliconiaceae in Stevens (2001 onwards)
Heliconiaceae in POWO 2021 (Plants of the World Online)
Heliconiaceae in Wikipedia

Systematic Position of Family in Different Systems of Classifications:

Systematic position in 2-Superkingdom, 7-Kingdom classification of Ruggiero et al. (2015)

Super Kingdom- Eukaryota, Kingdom- Plantae, Subkingdom- Viridiplantae, Infrakingdom- Streptophyta, Superphylum- Embryophyta, Phylum- Tracheophyta, Subphylum- Spermatophytina, Superclass- Angiospermae, Class- Magnoliopsida, Superorder- Lilianae, Order- Zingiberales

Bentham & Hooker (1862-83)???

Class : Dicotyledons
Subclass : Gamopetalae
Series : Bicarpellatae
Orders : Personales

Engler & Prantl (1887-1915)

Kingdom : Plantae
Division : Embryophyta Siphonogama
Subdivision : Angiospermae
Class : Monocotyledoneae
Order : Scitamineae

(Included in Musaceae)

Hutchinson (1973) ???

Phylum : Angiospermae
Subphylum : Dicotyledones
Division : Herbaceae
Order : Personales

Cronquist (1988)

Division : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Zingiberidae
Order : Zingiberales

Thorne & Reveal (2007)

Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Commelinidae
Super Order: Commelinanae
Order : Cannales
Suborder : Heliconiineae

Takhtajan (2009)

Phylum : Magnoliophyta
Class : Liliopsida
Subclass : Commelinidae
Super Order : Zingiberanae
Order : Zingiberales

Reveal (2012)

Class : Equisetopsida
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Super Order : Lilianae
Order : Cannales
Suborder : Heliconiineae

APG-IV (2016)

Clade : Angiosperms
Clade : Monocots
Clade : Commelinids
Order : Zingiberales

Shipunov (2020)

Class : Angiospermae
Subclass : Liliidae
Order : Zingiberales
Suborder : Zingiberineae