Nyctaginaceae
Nyctaginaceae Juss., Gen. Pl. 90. 1789. nom. cons. 'Four O'Clock Family'
Characteristic Features:
Herbs, shrubs or trees, with swollen nodes, vascular bundles in concentric rings
Leaves estipulate, opposite, sometimes unequal
Flowers bisexual, conspicuously bracteates, bract often enlarged and petaloid
Perianth uniseriate, stamens 5
Ovary with nectariferous disc, unicarpellate, uniovulate, ovule basal, campylotropous
Fruit an achene or nut, with a persistent, accrescent calyx forming an anthocarp
Diversity:
World- 34 genera 450 species (The Plant List 2013); 31 genera, 400 species (Christenhusz & Byng 2016); 27 genera, 390 species (Mabberely 2017); 31 genera, 441 species (Roskov et al. 2021)
India - 4 genera 15 species (Karthikeyan 2000); 6 genera, 14 species (BSI, 2021)
Indian Himalaya- 4 genera, 8 species (Singh et al. 2019)
Uttarakhand - 3 genera 6 species (Uniyal et al. 2007)
General Characters:
Nyctaginaceae in POWO 2021 (Plants of the World Online)
Nyctaginaceae in Wikipedia
Systematic Position of the Family in Different Systems of Classifications:
Systematic position in 2-Superkingdom, 7-Kingdom classification of Ruggiero et al. (2015)
Super Kingdom- Eukaryota, Kingdom- Plantae, Subkingdom- Viridiplantae, Infrakingdom- Streptophyta, Superphylum- Embryophyta, Phylum- Tracheophyta, Subphylum- Spermatophytina, Superclass- Angiospermae, Class- Magnoliopsida, Superorder- Caryophyllanae, Order- Caryophyllales
Bentham & Hooker (1862-83)
Class : Dicotyledons
Subclass : Monochlamydeae
Series : Curvembryeae
Engler & Prantl (1887-1915)
Kingdom : Plantae
Division : Embryophyta Siphonogama
Subdivision: Angiospermae
Class : Dicotyledoneae
Subclass : Archichlamydeae
Order : Centrospermae
Hutchinson (1973)
Phylum : Angiospermae
Subphylum: Dicotyledones
Division : Herbaceae
Order : Chenopodiales
Cronquist (1988)
Division : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Caryophyllidae
Order : Caryophyllales
Thorne & Reveal (2007)
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Caryophyllidae
Super Order: Caryophyllanae
Order : Caryophyllales
Takhtajan (2009)
Phylum : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Caryophyllidae
Super Order: Caryophyllanae
Order : Caryophyllales
Reveal (2012)
Class : Equisetopsida
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Super Order: Caryophyllanae
Order : Caryophyllales
Suborder : Nyctaginineae
APG-IV (2016)
Clade : Angiosperms
Clade : Eudicots
Clade : Core Eudicots
Clade : Superasterids
Order : Caryophyllales
Shipunov (2020)
Class : Angiospermae
Subclass : Asteridae
Super Order: Caryophyllanae
Order : Caryophyllales
Suborder : Caryophyllineae
Genera & Species in Pantnagar
To see larger images please click on the names
~~~Wild Flora~~~
***Cultivated Flora***
Bougainvillea glabra Choisy
Vernacular name: Bougainvillea, Lesser Bougainvillea (English); Booganbel (Hindi)
Nativity: East and South Brazil (POWO, 2019)
Common Characteristics: Evergreen vine-like shrubs with straight or slightly curved spines. Leaves simple, alternate. Flower in simple cymes, tubular, subtended by colourful bract.
Flowering period: Throughout the year
Propagation Methods: Propagated by stem cuttings and air layering (Dave’s Garden)
Photographed @ CBSH
Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd.
Vernacular name: Greater bougainvillea
Nativity: Brazil (POWO, 2019)
Common Characteristics: Evergreen shrubs or woody vines. Leaves simple, pubescent, spine curved. Flowers in simple axillary cymes, tubular, subtended by colourful bract, smaller than bract, bract elliptic- ovate, with obtuse margin.
Flowering period: Throughout the year
Propagation Methods: Propagated by stem cuttings, and air layering (Dave’s Garden)
Photographed near Gandhi Bhawan