Dilleniaceae

Dilleniaceae Salisb., Parad. Lond. 2: 73. 1807. nom. cons. 'Dillenia Family'

Salient Features

The members are mainly woody lianas, trees, shrubs, rarely rhizomatous herbs.
Leaves in spirals, simple, conduplicate, with toothed margins, strong parallel seconadary veins ending teeth.
Flowers often large, asymmetrical, solitary or in racemose or thyrsoid inflorescence.
Flowers yellow or white, usually bisexual, with imbricating, persistent sepals, petals, imbricating, often crumpled in bud.
Stamens numerous, rarely, few or 1, often asymmetrically placed.
Gynoecium of superior, free carpels, each bearing 1- many ovules.
Fruit dry dehiscent or indehiscent, seeds with funicular aril and copious endosperm.

Diversity:

World- 11 genera, 219 species (The Plant List 2013); 11 genera, 430 species (Christenhusz & Byng 2016); 11 genera, 225 species (Mabberley 2017); 11 genera, 535 species (CoL 2021)
India - 3 genera, 12 species (Karthikeyan 2000); 3 genera, 18 species (BSI, 2021)
Indian Himalaya- 3 genera, 6 species (Singh et al. 2019)
Uttarakhand - 1 genus, 1 species (Pusalkar & Srivastava 2018)

General Characters:

Dilleniaceae in Watson & Dallwitz (1992 onwards)
Dilleniaceae in Stevens (2001 onwards)
Dilleniaceae in POWO 2021 (Plants of the World Online)
Dilleniaceae in Wikipedia

Systematic Position of Family in Different Systems of Classifications:

Systematic position in 2-Superkingdom, 7-Kingdom classification of Ruggiero et al. (2015)

Super Kingdom- Eukaryota, Kingdom- Plantae, Subkingdom- Viridiplantae, Infrakingdom- Streptophyta, Superphylum- Embryophyta, Phylum- Tracheophyta, Subphylum- Spermatophytina, Superclass- Angiospermae, Class- Magnoliopsida, Superorder- Dillenianae, Order- Dilleniales

Bentham & Hooker (1862-83)

Class : Dicotyledons
Subclass : Polypetalae
Series : Thalamiflorae
Orders : Ranales

Engler & Prantl (1887-1915)

Kingdom : Plantae
Division : Embryophyta Siphonogama
Subdivision : Angiospermae
Class : Dicotyledoneae
Subclass : Archichlamydeae
Order : Parietales
Suborder : Theineae

Hutchinson (1973)

Phylum : Angiospermae
Subphylum : Dicotyledones
Division : Lignosae
Order : Dilleniales

Cronquist (1988)

Division : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Dilleniidae
Order : Dilleniales

Thorne & Reveal (2007)

Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Caryophyllidae
Super Order: Dillenianae
Order : Dilleniales

Takhtajan (2009)

Phylum : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Dilleniidae
Super Order : Dillenianae
Order : Dilleniales

Reveal (2012)

Class : Equisetopsida
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Super Order : Dillenianae
Order : Dilleniales

APG-IV (2016)

Clade : Angiosperms
Clade : Eudicots
Clade : Core Eudicots
Clade : Lamiids
Order : Dilleniales

Shipunov (2020)

Class : Angiospermae
Subclass : Asteridae
Super Order : Caryophyllanae
Order : Dilleniales

Genera & Species in Pantnagar

To see larger images please click on the names