Proteaceae

Proteaceae Juss., Gen. Pl. 78. 1789. nom. cons. 'Protea Family'

Salient Features

Members are shrubs or trees.
Leaves usually in spirals, simple to pinnate to bipinnate, often xeromorphic.
Inflorescence raceme, umbel or involucrate head, or 2-flowered inflorescence in secondary racemes.
Flowers usually bisexual, tetramerous, with 4 uniseriate perianth.
Stamens 4, opposite tepals, with broad filament, anther often with one sterile theca.
Gynoecium monocarpellary, with elongate style, ovary superior with 1-2 marginal ovules.
Fruit a follicle, nut, achene or drupe, often one seeded.

Diversity:

World- 68 genera, 1252 species (The Plant List 2013); 83 genera, 1660 species (Christenhusz & Byng 2016); 75 genera, 1710 species (Mabberley 2017); 80 genera, 1833 species (Roskov et al. 2021)
India - 2 genera, 7 species (Karthikeyan 2000); 4 genera, 9 species (BSI, 2021)
Indian Himalaya- 2 genera, 4 species (Singh et al. 2019)
Uttarakhand - 1 genus, 1 species (Uniyal et al. 2007)

General Characters:

Proteaceae in Watson & Dallwitz (1992 onwards)
Proteaceae in Stevens (2001 onwards)
Proteaceae in POWO 2021 (Plants of the World Online)
Proteaceae in Wikipedia

Systematic Position of Family in Different Systems of Classifications:

Systematic position in 2-Superkingdom, 7-Kingdom classification of Ruggiero et al. (2015)

Super Kingdom- Eukaryota, Kingdom- Plantae, Subkingdom- Viridiplantae, Infrakingdom- Streptophyta, Superphylum- Embryophyta, Phylum- Tracheophyta, Subphylum- Spermatophytina, Superclass- Angiospermae, Class- Magnoliopsida, Superorder- Proteanae, Order- Proteales

Bentham & Hooker (1862-83)

Class : Dicotyledons
Subclass : Monochlamydeae
Series : Daphnales

Engler & Prantl (1887-1915)

Kingdom : Plantae
Division : Embryophyta Siphonogama
Subdivision : Angiospermae
Class : Dicotyledoneae
Subclass : Archichlamydeae
Order : Proteales

Hutchinson (1973)

Phylum : Angiospermae
Subphylum : Dicotyledones
Division : Lignosae
Order : Proteales

Cronquist (1988)

Division : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Rosidae
Order : Proteales

Thorne & Reveal (2007)

Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Ranunculidae
Super Order: Proteanae
Order : Proteales

Takhtajan (2009)

Phylum : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Super Order : Proteanae
Order : Proteales

Reveal (2012)

Class : Equisetopsida
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Super Order : Proteanae
Order : Proteales
Suborder : Proteineae

APG-IV (2016)

Clade : Angiosperms
Clade : Eudicots
Order : Proteales

Shipunov (2020)

Class : Angiospermae
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Order : Platanales
Suborder : Platanineae

Genera & Species in Pantnagar

To see larger images please click on the names