Cyperaceae

Cyperaceae Juss., Gen. Pl. 26. 1789. nom. cons. 'Sedge Family'

Characteristic Features:

Annual or perennial, often rhizomatous with triangular, solid pithed stem
Leaves narrow, tristichous, eligulate, with closed basal sheath
Inflorescence a sedge spikelet consisting of a central axis bearing many sessile, distichous or spiral bracts
Flowers trimerous, minute, reduced, unisexual or bisexual, present singly in the axil of bract
Perianth absent or reduced to bristles or scales
Stamens often 3, ovary superior with solitary ovule, maturing in to a 2 or 3- sided achene

Diversity:

World- 110 genera 5,784 species (The Plant List 2013); 90 genera, 5,500 species (Christenhusz & Byng 2016); 98 genera, 5300 species (Mabberely 2017); 93 genera, 5813 species (CoL 2021)
India - 38 genera 545 species (Karthikeyan 2000); 33 genera, 583 species (BSI, 2021)
Indian Himalaya- 29 genera, 356 species (Singh et al. 2019)
Uttarakhand - 24 genera 187 species (Uniyal et al. 2007)

General Characters:

Cyperaceae in Watson & Dallwitz (1992 onwards)
Cyperaceae in Stevens (2001 onwards)
Cyperaceae in POWO 2021 (Plants of the World Online)
Cyperaceae in Wikipedia

Systematic Position of the Family in Different Systems of Classifications:

Systematic position in 2-Superkingdom, 7-Kingdom classification of Ruggiero et al. (2015)

Super Kingdom- Eukaryota, Kingdom- Plantae, Subkingdom- Viridiplantae, Infrakingdom- Streptophyta, Superphylum- Embryophyta, Phylum- Tracheophyta, Subphylum- Spermatophytina, Superclass- Angiospermae, Class- Magnoliopsida, Superorder-Lilianae, Order- Poales