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Linderniaceae Borsch, Kai Mull. & Eb. Fisch., Pl. Biol. 7(1): 76. 2005. 'Lindernia Family'
Linderniaceae Borsch, Kai Mull. & Eb. Fisch., Pl. Biol. 7(1): 76. 2005. 'Lindernia Family'
Characteristic Features:
Characteristic Features:
Small herbs with 4-angled stem
Leaves opposite
Flowers zygomorphic
Lower stamens very different from upper ones being either ‘Z’ shaped, or long and curved with projections, or very much reduced
Diversity:
Diversity:
World- 16 genera 164 species (The Plant List 2013); 23 genera, 220 species (Christenhusz & Byng 2016); 25 genera, 260 species (Mabberely 2017); 17 genera, 303 species (Roskov et al. 2021)
India - ----
Uttarakhand - 2 genera 16 species (Uniyal et al. 2007)
Pantnagar - 2 genera, 8 species
General Characters:
General Characters:
Linderniaceae in POWO 2021 (Plants of the World Online)
Linderniaceae in Wikipedia
Systematic Position of the Family in Different Systems of Classifications:
Systematic Position of the Family in Different Systems of Classifications:
Systematic position in 2-Superkingdom, 7-Kingdom classification of Ruggiero et al. (2015)
Systematic position in 2-Superkingdom, 7-Kingdom classification of Ruggiero et al. (2015)
Super Kingdom- Eukaryota, Kingdom- Plantae, Subkingdom- Viridiplantae, Infrakingdom- Streptophyta, Superphylum- Embryophyta, Phylum- Tracheophyta, Subphylum- Spermatophytina, Superclass- Angiospermae, Class- Magnoliopsida, Superorder- Asteranae, Order- Lamiales
Bentham & Hooker (1862-83)
Bentham & Hooker (1862-83)
Class : Dicotyledons
Subclass : Gamopetalae
Series : Bicarpellatae
Orders : Personales*
Engler & Prantl (1887-1915)
Engler & Prantl (1887-1915)
Kingdom : Planta
Division : Embryophyta Siphonogama
Subdivision: Angiospermae
Class : Dicotyledoneae
Subclass : Metachlamydeae
Order : Tubiflorae*
Hutchinson (1973)
Hutchinson (1973)
Phylum : Angiospermae
Subphylum: Dicotyledones
Division : Herbaceae
Order : Personales*
Cronquist (1988)
Cronquist (1988)
Division : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Asteridae
Order : Scrophulariales*
Thorne & Reveal (2007)
Thorne & Reveal (2007)
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Lamiidae
Super Order : Lamianae
Order : Lamiales
Takhtajan (2009)
Takhtajan (2009)
Phylum : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Lamiidae
Super Order: Lamianae
Order : Lamiales*
Reveal (2012)
Reveal (2012)
Class : Equisetopsida
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Super Order: Lamianae
Order : Lamiales
Suborder : Lamiineae
APG-IV (2016)
APG-IV (2016)
Clade : Angiosperms
Clade : Eudicots
Clade : Core Eudicots
Clade : Superasterids
Clade : Asterids
Clade : Lamiids
Order : Lamiales
Shipunov (2020)
Shipunov (2020)
Class : Angiospermae
Subclass : Asteridae
Super Order: Asteranae
Order : Lamiales
Suborder : Lamiineae*
Genera & Species in Pantnagar
Genera & Species in Pantnagar
To see larger images please click on the names
~~~Wild Flora~~~
~~~Wild Flora~~~
Lindernia ciliata (Colsm.) Pennell
Lindernia hookeri (Clarke) Wettst. subsp. kumaunensis Pennell
Lindernia multiflora (Roxb.) Mukerjee
Lindernia nummulariifolia (D.Don) Wettst.
Lindernia procumbens (Krock.) Philcox
Lindernia oppositifolia (L.) Mukerjee
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