Bignoniaceae
Bignoniaceae Juss., Gen. Pl. 137. 1789. nom. cons. 'Bignonia Family'
Characteristic Features:
Trees, shrubs or vines
Leaves opposite
Flowers often large, zygomorphic, bilabiate
Stamens didynamous
Ovary bicarpellary, syncarpous, ovules axile or parietal
Fruit a capsule with flat, winged, exalbuminous seeds
Diversity:
World- 86 genera 852 species (The Plant List 2013); 82 genera, 870 species (Christenhusz & Byng 2016); 82 genera, 680 species (Mabberely 2017); 78 genera, 907 species (CoL 2021)
India - 20 genera 34 species (Karthikeyan 2000); 35 genera, 54 species (BSI, 2021)
Indian Himalaya- 26 genera, 36 species (Singh et al. 2019)
Uttarakhand - 16 genera 18 species (Uniyal et al. 2007)
General Characters:
Bignoniaceae in POWO 2021 (Plants of the World Online)
Bignoniaceae in Wikipedia
Systematic Position of the Family in Different Systems of Classifications
Systematic position in 2-Superkingdom, 7-Kingdom classification of Ruggiero et al. (2015)
Super Kingdom- Eukaryota, Kingdom- Plantae, Subkingdom- Viridiplantae, Infrakingdom- Streptophyta, Superphylum- Embryophyta, Phylum- Tracheophyta, Subphylum- Spermatophytina, Superclass- Angiospermae, Class- Magnoliopsida, Superorder- Asteranae, Order- Lamiales
Bentham & Hooker (1862-83)
Class : Dicotyledons
Subclass : Gamopetalae
Series : Bicarpellatae
Orders : Personales
Engler & Prantl (1887-1915)
Kingdom : Plantae
Division : Embryophyta Siphonogama
Subdivision : Angiospermae
Class : Dicotyledoneae
Subclass : Metachlamydeae
Order : Tubiflorae
Hutchinson (1973)
Phylum : Angiospermae
Subphylum: Dicotyledones
Division : Lignosae
Order : Bignoniales
Cronquist (1988)
Division : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Asteridae
Order : Scrophulariales
Thorne & Reveal (2007)
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Lamiidae
Super Order: Lamianae
Order : Lamiales
Takhtajan (2009)
Phylum : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Lamiidae
Super Order : Lamianae
Order : Lamiales
Reveal (2012)
Class : Equisetopsida
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Super Order : Lamianae
Order : Lamiales
Suborder : Lamiineae
APG-IV (2016)
Clade : Angiosperms
Clade : Eudicots
Clade : Core Eudicots
Clade : Superasterids
Clade : Asterids
Clade : Lamiids
Order : Lamiales
Shipunov (2020)
Class : Angiospermae
Subclass : Asteridae
Super Order: Asteranae
Order : Lamiales
Suborder : Lamiineae
Genera & Species in Pantnagar
To see larger images please click on the names
~~~Wild Flora~~~
***Cultivated Flora***
Fernandoa adenophylla (Wall. ex G.Don) Steenis
Vernacular name: Katsagon, Karen wood (English); Marodphali (Hindi)
Nativity: India to Peninsular Malaysia (POWO, 2019)
Common Characteristics: Tall trees. Leaves alternate, unipinnate, imparipinnate, leaflets elliptic- oblong. Flower in terminal panicle, trumpet shape, yellow. Fruit long and twisted.
Flowering period: November to December
Propagation Methods: Multiplied by seeds (Plantekey)
Photographed @ CVAS
Podranea ricasoliana Sprague
Vernacular name: Pink Trumpet Vine
Nativity: South Tropical and South Africa (POWO, 2019)
Common Characteristics: Climbing shrubs. Leaves compound, imparipinnate having 3-7 pairs of leaflets. Flower pink, bell- shaped.
Flowering period: November to March
Propagation Methods: Propagated by cuttings, air layering and seeds (Dave’s Garden)
Photographed @ Garden Section
Pyrostegia venusta Miers
Vernacular name: Golden shower trumpet, Flame vine
Nativity: Mexico to Peru (POWO, 2019)
Common Characteristics: Evergreen woody climber. Leaves opposite, trifoliate, terminal leaflet modified in to tendril. Flowers in terminal or axillary panicle, trumpet shaped.
Flowering period: March to June
Propagation Methods: Propagated by cuttings (Dave’s Garden)
Photographed @ MFC