Sphenocleaceae

Sphenocleaceae T.Baskerv., Affinities Pl. 110. 1839. nom. cons. 'Sphenoclea Family'

Characteristic Features:

Annul herbs of damp or flooded habitats
Leaves spirally arranged, entire
Inflorescence terminal spike with small flowers
Fruits small and circumscessile

Diversity:

World- 1 genus 2 species (ThePlant List 2013; Christenhusz & Byng 2016); 1 genus, 1 species (Mabberely 2017; Roskov et al. 2021)
India - 1 genus 1 species (Karthikeyan 2000; BSI 2021)
Indian Himalaya- 1 genus, 1 species (Singh et al. 2019)
Uttarakhand - 1 genus 1 species (Uniyal et al. 2007)

General Characters:

Sphenocleaceae in Watson & Dallwitz (1992 onwards)
Sphenocleaceae in Stevens (2001 onwards)
Sphenocleaceae in POWO 2021 (Plants of the World Online)
Sphenocleaceae in Wikipedia

Systematic Position of the Family in Different Systems of Classifications:

Systematic position in 2-Superkingdom, 7-Kingdom classification of Ruggiero et al. (2015)

Super Kingdom- Eukaryota, Kingdom- Plantae, Subkingdom- Viridiplantae, Infrakingdom- Streptophyta, Superphylum- Embryophyta, Phylum- Tracheophyta, Subphylum- Spermatophytina, Superclass- Angiospermae, Class- Magnoliopsida, Superorder- Asteranae, Order- Solanales

Bentham & Hooker (1862-83)

Class : Dicotyledons
Subclass : Gamopetalae
Series : Inferae
Orders : Campanales

Engler & Prantl (1887-1915)

Kingdom : Plantae
Division : Embryophyta Siphonogama
Subdivision: Angiospermae
Class : Dicotyledoneae
Subclass : Metachlamydeae
Order : Campanulatae

Hutchinson (1973)

Phylum : Angiospermae
Subphylum: Dicotyledones
Division : Herbaceae
Order : Campanales

Cronquist (1988)

Division : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Asteridae
Order : Campanulales

Thorne & Reveal (2007)

Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Lamiidae
Super Order: Solananae
Order : Solanales

Takhtajan (2009)

Phylum : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Asteridae
Super Order: Asteranae
Order : Campanulales

Reveal (2012)

Class : Equisetopsida
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Super Order: Asteranae
Order : Asterales
Suborder : Campanulineae

APG-IV (2016)

Clade : Angiosperms
Clade : Eudicots
Clade : Core Eudicots
Clade : Superasterids
Clade : Asterids
Clade : Lamiids
Order : Solanales

Shipunov (2020)

Subclass : Magnoliidae
Super Order: Laminae
Order : Solanales
Suborder : Solanineae

Genera & Species in Pantnagar

To see larger image please click on the name

~Wild Flora~

Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn.