Sphenocleaceae
Sphenocleaceae T.Baskerv., Affinities Pl. 110. 1839. nom. cons. 'Sphenoclea Family'
Characteristic Features:
Annul herbs of damp or flooded habitats
Leaves spirally arranged, entire
Inflorescence terminal spike with small flowers
Fruits small and circumscessile
Diversity:
World- 1 genus 2 species (ThePlant List 2013; Christenhusz & Byng 2016); 1 genus, 1 species (Mabberely 2017; Roskov et al. 2021)
India - 1 genus 1 species (Karthikeyan 2000; BSI 2021)
Indian Himalaya- 1 genus, 1 species (Singh et al. 2019)
Uttarakhand - 1 genus 1 species (Uniyal et al. 2007)
General Characters:
Sphenocleaceae in POWO 2021 (Plants of the World Online)
Sphenocleaceae in Wikipedia
Systematic Position of the Family in Different Systems of Classifications:
Systematic position in 2-Superkingdom, 7-Kingdom classification of Ruggiero et al. (2015)
Super Kingdom- Eukaryota, Kingdom- Plantae, Subkingdom- Viridiplantae, Infrakingdom- Streptophyta, Superphylum- Embryophyta, Phylum- Tracheophyta, Subphylum- Spermatophytina, Superclass- Angiospermae, Class- Magnoliopsida, Superorder- Asteranae, Order- Solanales
Bentham & Hooker (1862-83)
Class : Dicotyledons
Subclass : Gamopetalae
Series : Inferae
Orders : Campanales
Engler & Prantl (1887-1915)
Kingdom : Plantae
Division : Embryophyta Siphonogama
Subdivision: Angiospermae
Class : Dicotyledoneae
Subclass : Metachlamydeae
Order : Campanulatae
Hutchinson (1973)
Phylum : Angiospermae
Subphylum: Dicotyledones
Division : Herbaceae
Order : Campanales
Cronquist (1988)
Division : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Asteridae
Order : Campanulales
Thorne & Reveal (2007)
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Lamiidae
Super Order: Solananae
Order : Solanales
Takhtajan (2009)
Phylum : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Asteridae
Super Order: Asteranae
Order : Campanulales
Reveal (2012)
Class : Equisetopsida
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Super Order: Asteranae
Order : Asterales
Suborder : Campanulineae
APG-IV (2016)
Clade : Angiosperms
Clade : Eudicots
Clade : Core Eudicots
Clade : Superasterids
Clade : Asterids
Clade : Lamiids
Order : Solanales
Shipunov (2020)
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Super Order: Laminae
Order : Solanales
Suborder : Solanineae
Genera & Species in Pantnagar
To see larger image please click on the name
~~~Wild Flora~~~
Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn.