Gentianaceae
Gentianaceae Juss., Gen. Pl. 141. 1789. nom. cons. 'Gentian Family'
Characteristic Features:
Herbs, shrubs or trees
Flowers penta or tetramerous
Nectary pits on petals and nectar disk or glands are found at ovary base
Ovary bicarpellary, syncarpous with parietal placentation
Fruit a septicidal capsule or berry
Diversity:
World- 96 genera 1,682 species (The Plant List 2013); 102 genera, 1,735 species (Christenhusz & Byng 2016); 95 genera, 1850 species (Mabberely 2017); 99 genera, 1892 species (Roskov et al. 2021)
India - 24 genera 190 species (Karthikeyan 2000); 21 genera, 189 species (BSI, 2021)
Indian Himalaya- 20 genera, 154 species (Singh et al. 2019)
Uttarakhand - 13 genera 65 species (Uniyal et al. 2007)
Pantnagar - 1 genus, 1 species
General Characters:
Gentianaceae in POWO 2021 (Plants of the World Online)
Gentianaceae in Wikipedia
Systematic Position of the Family in Different Systems of Classifications:
Systematic position in 2-Superkingdom, 7-Kingdom classification of Ruggiero et al. (2015)
Super Kingdom- Eukaryota, Kingdom- Plantae, Subkingdom- Viridiplantae, Infrakingdom- Streptophyta, Superphylum- Embryophyta, Phylum- Tracheophyta, Subphylum- Spermatophytina, Superclass- Angiospermae, Class- Magnoliopsida, Superorder- Asteranae, Order- Gentianales
Bentham & Hooker (1862-83)
Class : Dicotyledons
Subclass: Gamopetalae
Series : Bicarpellatae
Orders : Gentianales
Engler & Prantl (1887-1915)
Kingdom : Plantae
Division : Embryophyta Siphonogama
Subdivision: Angiospermae
Class : Dicotyledoneae
Subclass : Metachlamydeae
Order : Contortae
Hutchinson (1973)
Phylum : Angiospermae
Subphylum: Dicotyledones
Division : Herbaceae
Order : Gentianales
Cronquist (1988)
Division : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Asteridae
Order : Gentianales
Thorne & Reveal (2007)
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Lamiidae
Super Order: Lamianae
Order : Rubiales
Takhtajan (2009)
Phylum : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Lamiidae
Super Order: Lamianae
Order : Rubiales
Reveal (2012)
Class : Equisetopsida
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Super Order: Lamianae
Order : Gentianales
APG-IV (2016)
Clade : Angiosperms
Clade : Eudicots
Clade : Core Eudicots
Clade : Superasterids
Clade : Asterids
Clade : Lamiids
Order : Gentianales
Shipunov (2020)
Class : Angiospermae
Subclass : Asteridae
Super Order: Asteranae
Order : Gentianales
Suborder : Gentianineae
Genera & Species in Pantnagar
To see larger image please click on the name
~~~Wild Flora~~~
Centaurium pulchellum (Sw.) Druce