Ranunculaceae
Ranunculaceae Juss., Gen. Pl. 231. 1789. nom. cons. 'Buttercup Family'
Characteristic Features:
Herbs, shrubs and lianas
Leaves with sheathing bases and often divided lamina
Flowers bisexual, floral parts spirally arranged
Petals nectariferous, stamens and carpels numerous, free
Ovary superior, maturing in to achene or follicle
Fruit an aggregate of achenes or follicles or berries
Diversity:
World- 65 genera 2,377 species (The Plant List 2013); 43 genera, 2,346 species (Christenhusz & Byng 2016); 56 genera, 2100 species (Mabberely 2017); 58 genera, 3812 species (Roskov et al. 2021)
India - 28 genera 193 species (Karthikeyan 2000); 31 genera, 257 species (BSI 2021)
Indian Himalaya- 30 genera, 213 species (Singh et al. 2019)
Uttarakhand - 18 genera 102 species (Uniyal et al. 2007), 20 genera 115 species (Pusalkar & Srivastava 2018)
General Characters:
Ranunculaceae in POWO 2021 (Plants of the World Online)
Ranunculaceae in Wikipedia
Systematic Position of the Family in Different Systems of Classifications:
Systematic position in 2-Superkingdom, 7-Kingdom classification of Ruggiero et al. (2015)
Super Kingdom- Eukaryota, Kingdom- Plantae, Subkingdom- Viridiplantae, Infrakingdom- Streptophyta, Superphylum- Embryophyta, Phylum- Tracheophyta, Subphylum- Spermatophytina, Superclass- Angiospermae, Class- Magnoliopsida, Superorder- Ranunculanae, Order-Ranunculales
Bentham & Hooker (1862-83)
Class : Dicotyledons
Subclass : Polypetalae
Series : Thalamiflorae
Orders : Ranales
Engler & Prantl (1887-1915)
Kingdom : Plantae
Division : Embryophyta Siphonogama
Subdivision: Angiospermae
Class : Dicotyledoneae
Subclass : Archichlamydeae
Order : Centrospermae
Hutchinson (1973)
Phylum : Angiospermae
Subphylum : Dicotyledones
Division : Herbaceae
Order : Ranales
Cronquist (1988)
Division : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Order : Ranunculales
Thorne & Reveal (2007)
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Ranunculidae
Super Order: Ranunculanae
Order : Ranunculales
Takhtajan (2009)
Phylum : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Ranunculidae
Super Order: Ranunculanae
Order : Ranunculales
Reveal (2012)
Class : Equisetopsida
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Super Order: Ranunculanae
Order : Ranunculales
Suborder : Ranunculineae
APG-IV (2016)
Clade : Angiosperms
Clade : Eudicots
Clade : Ranunculales
Shipunov (2020)
Class : Angiospermae
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Order : Ranunculales
Suborder : Ranunculineae
Genera & Species in Pantnagar
To see larger images please click on the names
~~~Wild Flora~~~
Clematis zeylanica (L.) Poir. (=Naravelia zeylanica (L.) DC. )
***Cultivated Flora***
Delphinium ajacis L.
Vernacular name: Rocket larkspur
Nativity: Southern Europe to Western Himalaya and Central Asia (POWO, 2019)
Common Characteristics: Annual herb. Leaf blade linear segmented. Flowers in long racemes, varies in colour. Fruit follicetum.
Flowering period: January to April
Propagation Methods: Propagated from seeds (Dave’s Garden)
Photographed @ MFC
Ranunculus asiaticus L.
Vernacular name: Asian buttercup, Persian buttercup, Persian crowfoot
Nativity: Aegian Islands to Iran (POWO, 2019)
Common Characteristics: Erect herb. Leaves ternate compound, with dentate apex. Flower solitary, cup- shaped, single or double, variously coloured.
Flowering period: February to May
Propagation Methods: Propagated by seeds (Dave’s Garden)
Photographed @ Ta Colony