Nelumbonaceae

Nelumbonaceae A.Rich., Dict. Class. Hist. Nat. 11: 492. 1827. nom. cons. 'Lotus Family'

Salient Features

Members are perennial aquatic herbs with creeping rhizome.
Leaves are large, simple, long petioled, peltate, floating at water surface.
Flowers axillary, on long pedicel, located above water surface at anthesis.
Floral parts many, showing gradation from outer sepaloid, middle petaloid and inner stamens.
Gynoecium of many syncarpous, uniovulate carpels.
Fruit a nutlet, with apical pore.

Diversity:

World- 1 genus, 2 species (The Plant List 2013); 1 genus, 3 species (Christenhusz & Byng 2016); 1 genus, 2 species (Mabberley 2017); 1 genus, 2 species (Roskov et al. 2021)
India - 1 genus, 1 species (Karthikeyan 2000;BSI, 2021)
Indian Himalaya- 1 genus, 1 species (Singh et al. 2019)
Uttarakhand - 1 genus, 1 species (Pusalkar & Srivastava 2018)

General Characters:

Nelumbonaceae in Watson & Dallwitz (1992 onwards)
Nelumbonaceae in Stevens (2001 onwards)
Nelumbonaceae in POWO 2021 (Plants of the World Online)
Nelumbonaceae in Wikipedia

Systematic Position of Family in Different Systems of Classifications:

Systematic position in 2-Superkingdom, 7-Kingdom classification of Ruggiero et al. (2015)

Super Kingdom- Eukaryota, Kingdom- Plantae, Subkingdom- Viridiplantae, Infrakingdom- Streptophyta, Superphylum- Embryophyta, Phylum- Tracheophyta, Subphylum- Spermatophytina, Superclass- Angiospermae, Class- Magnoliopsida, Superorder- Proteanae, Order- Proteales

Bentham & Hooker (1862-83)

Class : Dicotyledons
Subclass : Polypetalae
Series : Thalamiflorae
Orders : Ranales

Engler & Prantl (1887-1915)

Kingdom : Plantae
Division : Embryophyta Siphonogama
Subdivision : Angiospermae
Class : Dicotyledoneae
Subclass : Archichlamydeae
Order : Ranales
Suborder : Nymphaeineae

(Included in Nymphaeaceae)

Hutchinson (1973)????

Phylum : Angiospermae
Subphylum : Dicotyledones
Division : Herbaceae
Order : Personales

Cronquist (1988)

Division : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Order : Nymphaeales

Thorne & Reveal (2007)

Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Ranunculidae
Super Order: Ranunculanae
Order : Nelumbonales

Takhtajan (2009)

Phylum : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Super Order : Proteanae
Order : Nelumbonales

Reveal (2012)

Class : Equisetopsida
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Super Order : Proteanae
Order : Proteales
Suborder : Nelumbonineae

APG-IV (2016)

Clade : Angiosperms
Clade : Eudicots
Order : Proteales

Shipunov (2020)

Class : Angiospermae
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Order : Platanales
Suborder : Nelumbonineae

Genera & Species in Pantnagar

To see larger images please click on the names

Cultivated Flora

Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.