Papaveraceae
Papaveraceae Juss., Gen. Pl. 235. 1789. nom. cons. 'Poppy Family'
Characteristic Features:
Mainly herbs or shrubs, often containing milky sap
Flowers dichlamydeous with triseriate perianth
Androecium of numerous free stamens
Gynoecium with syncarpous superior ovary bearing ovules in parietal placentation
Fruit usually a loculicidal or poricidal capsule
Diversity:
World- 41 genera 920 species (The Plant List 2013); 42 genera 775 species (Christenhusz & Byng 2016); 43 genera, 750 species (Mabberely 2017); 43 genera, 1012 species (Roskov et al. 2021)
India - 9 genera 92 species (Karthikeyan 2000); 5 genera, 31 species (BSI, 2021)
Indian Himalaya- 6 genera, 30 species (Singh et al. 2019)
Uttarakhand - 9 genera 43 species (Uniyal et al. 2007), 9 genera 48 species (Pusalkar & Srivastava 2018)
General Characters:
Papaveraceae in POWO 2021 (Plants of the World Online)
Papaveraceae in Wikipedia
Systematic Position of the Family in Different Systems of Classifications:
Systematic position in 2-Superkingdom, 7-Kingdom classification of Ruggiero et al. (2015)
Super Kingdom- Eukaryota, Kingdom- Plantae, Subkingdom- Viridiplantae, Infrakingdom- Streptophyta, Superphylum- Embryophyta, Phylum- Tracheophyta, Subphylum- Spermatophytina, Superclass- Angiospermae, Class- Magnoliopsida, Superorder- Ranunculanae, Order-Ranunculales
Bentham & Hooker (1862-83)
Class : Dicotyledons
Subclass : Polypetalae
Series : Thalamiflorae
Order : Parietales
Engler & Prantl (1887-1915)
Kingdom : Plantae
Division : Embryophyta Siphonogama
Subdivision: Angiospermae
Class : Dicotyledoneae
Subclass : Archichlamydeae
Order : Rhoeadales
Hutchinson (1973)
Phylum : Angiospermae
Subphylum: Dicotyledones
Division : Herbaceae
Order : Rhoedales
Cronquist (1988)
Division : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Order : Papaverales
Thorne & Reveal (2007)
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Ranunculidae
Super Order: Ranunculanae
Order : Ranunculales
Takhtajan (2009)
Phylum : Magnoliophyta
Class : Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Ranunculidae
Super Order: Ranunculanae
Order : Papaverales
Reveal (2012)
Class : Equisetopsida
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Super Order: Ranunculanae
Order : Ranunculales
Suborder : Papaverineae
APG-IV (2016)
Clade : Angiosperms
Clade : Eudicots
Clade : Ranunculales
Shipunov (2020)
Class : Angiospermae
Subclass : Magnoliidae
Order : Ranunculales
Suborder : Papaverineae
Genera & Species in Pantnagar
To see larger images please click on the names
~~~Wild Flora~~~
***Cultivated Flora***
Eschscholzia californica Cham.
Vernacular name: California poppy
Nativity: West U.S.A. to Mexico (POWO, 2019)
Common Characteristics: Annual herbs. Basal and cauline leaf blades tripinnatipartite, ultimate segments linear or spatulate, middle leaves broad and short. Flower solitary with long peduncle, petals 4, orange or yellow.
Flowering period: January to March
Propagation Methods: Grown by seeds (Dave’s Garden)
Photographed @ MFC
Papaver rhoeas L.
Vernacular name: Corn poppy, Red Poppy, Common poppy (English); Khas-Khas (Hindi)
Nativity: Eastern Mediterranean region (POWO, 2019)
Common Characteristics: Annual herbs. Leaves unequally lobed, pinnatifid, margin serrated. Flower solitary on long peduncle, bowl- shaped, petals 4, variously coloured.
Flowering period: February to April
Propagation Methods: Grown by seeds (Dave’s Garden)
Photographed @ Yamunotri Bhawan