Pre-renal Failure
Causes
Reduced extracellular and intravascular volume
GI losses (vomiting, diarrhea, NG suction)
Dehydration
Burns
Hemorrhage
Reduced intravascular volume but increased extracellular volume
Cirrhosis
Nephrotic syndrome
CHF
3rd space accumulation (postoperative from abdominal surgery, severe pancreatitis)
Hemodynamically mediated acute renal failure
NSAIDs (due to renal prostaglandin inhibition)
ACE-I (due to a decrease in efferent arteriolar tone)
Hepatorenal syndrome