Edema - causes

Generalized Edema

• • CHF; constrictive pericarditis

  • Nephrotic syndrome; acute nephritic syndrome

  • Cirrhosis of liver

  • Hypoalbuminemia: malabsorption, protein-losing enteropathy, malnutrition

  • Endocrine: myxedema, secondary hyperaldosteronism, Cushing's syndrome

  • Toxemia of pregnancy

Regional Causes of Edema of Extremities

• • Acute cellulitis

  • Angioedema

  • Anaphylaxis, allergy

  • DVT

  • Idopathic cyclic edema: before or during the menstrual period.

  • Lymphedema

    • Paralysis (lesion in the CNS) can affect the vasomotor fibers on one side of the body resulting in reduced lymphatic and venous drainage on the affected side.

    • Milroy disease: Congenital familial form of primary lymphedema manifests at birth

  • Malignancy infiltrating the LN, irradiation or resection of LN

  • CVI

  • Pregnancy

  • Dependent due to prolonged sitting or standing

  • SVC; thoracic outlet syndrome

  • Lipdidemia (noticed in childhood; bilateral; in girls)

  • Ascites and edema of the legs. Has the ascites preceded bilateral leg edema (cirrhosis, constrictive pericarditis)? OR Has ascites followed bilat. leg edema (CHF, renal disease)

Iatrogenic Causes of Dependent Edema

• • Diazoxide, propranolol, minoxidil, CCB, indomethacin, corticosteroids, estrogens, testosterone, MOA-I, amantadine.