Immunity

Innate immunity is inborn immunity which had evolved with the host and protects host, without having experience prior exposure to pathogen.

• • Recognizes molecular signature pattern of pathogen, and limits infection.

  • Serves as warning system that activates adaptive immunity early in the course of infection.

  • TLR (toll like rcp). 11 TLRs each specific to different biologic classes of molecules.

    • e.g., LPS detected by LPS-binding protein, CD14, TLR4 are components of innate immunity. Attracts macrophages via transcriptional activator nuclear factor, which elaborate enzymes and cytokines that clear microbes and cause inflammatory response respectively.

Adaptive immunity. When microorganism encounter's host's integrated cellular and humor immune responses.

Cellular immunity: Pathogens that proliferate intracellularly are tackled by T-lymphocytes, macrophages, and NK cells. All classes of inf. agents are recognized; most viruses, bacteria (Mycoplasma, Chlamydophila, Listeria, Salmonella, and Mycobacterium spp); parasitic (Trypanosoma, Toxoplasma, and Leishmania); fungi (Histoplasma, Cryptococcosis, Coccidioides).