Uke 1 - Religioner og ideologier

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Min postulatfrie universalhypotese postulerer at den grunnleggende gud er energi…

Jeg tror at Buddhismen er den religion som kommer nærmest universalhypotesen…‽

Oldtidens "primitive" religioner hadde forklaringskraft; gudene forårsaket naturfenomener (Tor med hammeren).

Kristendommen (og andre "moderne" religioner?) har ingen forklaringskraft, men de har ofte stort tolkningsmonn. Joe Biden er f.eks. Guds stedfortreder på jord, mens Vladimir Putin er djevelen selv, og Xi Jinping er hans assistent…

Forklaringskraft betinger et "narrativ", dvs. en fortelling som forklarer årsak-virkning.

Som erstatning skaper man ideologier (tankeretninger) som får makt over menneskenes tenkning i form av narrativer som skapes etter behov, jfr. nazismen, koronismen, all krigføring, mv. Frykt står sentralt for å skape oppslutning.

To forutsetninger for ideologisk makt:

Begge disse betingelsene er tilstede i den vestlige "sivilisasjon", også kalt kapitalismen. De er også tilstede i Kina, og delvis i Russland, mv. Mange land er vaklende.

I nyere tid skapes ideologiene i det digitale rommet, ofte av algoritmer som er utenfor kontroll og innsyn…‽ Menneskene stoler likevel blindt på de digitale gudene…



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Noen sitater:

“the last century has produced an abundance of ideologies that pretend to be keys to history but are actually nothing but desperate efforts to escape responsibility.”
― Hannah Arendt (1906-1975)


"The power of the culture industry's ideology is such that conformity has replaced consciousness"
― Theodor W. Adorno (1903-1969)


“The most successful ideological effects are those which have no need of words, and ask no more than complicitous silence.”
― Pierre Bourdieu (1930-2002)


"The press is our chief ideological weapon."
—Nikita Khrushchev (1894-1971)


"I already am eating from the trash can all the time. The name of this trash can is ideology. The material force of ideology makes me not see what I am effectively eating."
― Slavoj Žižek


“Above all, the thrall in which an ideology holds a people is best measured by their collective inability to imagine alternatives.”
― Tony Judt (1948-2010)


"Today, modern technologies, from mathematical stock prediction methods to medical imaging machines, compete for confidence promised by religion and authority"
― John Dewey (1859-1952)


"Ideology is like breath: you never smell your own."
— Joan Robinson (1903-1983)


“Science progresses. Ideology tends to linger unchanged, and often unquestioned.”
― Massimo Pigliucci


"Intolerance has become, I think, the reigning ideology of the world today, the intolerance versus intolerance and it's taken on lethal proportions."
― Wole Soyinka


"Before, revolutions used to have ideological names. They could be communist, they could be liberal, they could be fascist or Islamic. Now, the revolutions are called under the medium which is most used. You have Facebook revolutions, Twitter revolutions. The content doesn't matter anymore - the problem is the media."
— Ivan Krastev


“There is no monopoly of common sense

On either side of the political fence

We share the same biology

Regardless of ideology

Believe me when I say to you

I hope the Russians love their children too

[...]

There's no such thing as a winnable war

It's a lie we don't believe anymore ..."
― Sting


"Human beings never think for themselves. For the most part, members of our species simply repeat what they are told - and become upset if they are exposed to any different view. The characteristic human trait is not awareness but conformity. We are stubborn, self-destructive conformists. Any other view of our species is just a self-congratulatory delusion."
— Michael Crichton (1942-2008)


"Most civilisation is based on cowardice. It's so easy to civilize by teaching cowardice. You water down the standards which would lead to bravery. You restrain the will. You regulate the appetites. You fence in the horizons. You make a law for every movement. You deny the existence of chaos. You teach even the children to breathe slowly. You tame."
― Frank Herbert (1920-1986)


"Is there intelligent life on Earth?"
—Frank Drake (1930-2022)


“Der Mensch kann tun was er will; er kann aber nicht wollen was er will.”
― Arthur Schopenhauer  (1788-1860)


“Dare to know! Have the courage to use your own intelligence!”
― Immanuel Kant (1724-1804)


“We have become so accustomed to our illusions that we mistake them for reality.”
"The greatest obstacle to knowledge is not ignorance; it is the illusion of knowledge"
—Daniel Boorstin (1914-2004)


“Few men think, yet all will have opinions. Hence men’s opinions are superficial and confused.”
― John Locke (1632-1704)



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