Tat-ar-tup in Daryal

Tat-ar-tup in Daryal (на ПРОЗА.РУ)

Also Dedyakov, Iran-i-Dadian, Jul-at.

The name Jul-at most likely refers to minarets, and Tat-ar-tup refers to the ancient people of the indo-iranian vocabulary.

The word «tup» can mean the bottom. If you read this word as «tepe», then among the turks it will mean a hill with a Tatar camp, a Camp of Tatar khans.

Some linguists believe that the word Tatar is not related to the Tatars. One half of it, «tat», is an old persian word for people who speak farsi, as well as fire from indo-iranian. The word «ar» means a person. Then Tat-ar-tup can in this conversion denote the City of the People of Iran, or the Place of the People of Fire, the Temple of Fire Worshipers.

(на ПРОЗА.РУ)

Only ruins and a minaret remained of the city at the Verkhnedzhulatsky settlement on the left bank of the Terek near the village of Zmeiskaya and the village of Elkhotovo in North Ossetia.

It is believed that this settlement corresponds to the yassky city of Dedyakov in the russian chronicles, which under the name Tat-ar-tup has been revered as a sacred place by ossetians and balkars since the late middle ages and is highly revered by ossetians and other peoples of the North Caucasus. Here at the top of the mountain, the mountaineers swore blood feud.

According to archaeological data, the city appears here at the beginning of the 10th century. The alans lived here, but the fortress was founded by the khazars, who needed a fortified point in this strategic place, called the Elkhot gate by the ossetians, which means the Gorge of the Argov, now the Argov valley. The passage here led through Daryal to the Transcaucasus.

After the death of the Khazarus state, the city lost its political significance for some time. It was owned by either Byzantium, Persia, or Georgia. Nevertheless, by the end of the 12th century it was a fairly large trade and craft center of Alanya, albeit of local importance.

In one of the russian chronicles of the 13th century, Tatar-tup is identified with Dedyakov, where it is called the city of yassky.

In the Nikon chronicle, Tat-ar-tup is located behind the Terek river under the great Yassky and Cherkassky mountains on the Sivinets river near the Iron Gates, which can be understood as the Daryal pass. And under the Yassky and Cherkassky mountains, you can understand the Caucasus Range.

In 1238, the mongols came here, but the alans refused to pay tribute to them and retreated to the mountain gorges, hoping that the mongols would not be able to use the fortifications on their own. After some time, the mongol khans and the alanian kings were able to agree on how to use the city. The Golden Horde ensured the movement of caravans through the Iron Gates, and the alans paid tribute to the treasury of the Horde. The Horde left, but the alans returned and quickly rebuilt the ruined settlement around the fortress.

By the end of the 13th century, the joint Horde-Alan dominion over Tat-ar-tup and Daryal leads to the fact that the city becomes a significant trade and cultural center of the North Caucasus.

In the 14th century, during the reign of Khan Uzbek, in the reports of the Golden Horde scribes, the city is referred to as Upper Dzhulat, being an outpost of the Horde in the North Caucasus. The trade route with Saray went through the Lower Dzhulat and Madzhary.

Here was a large tatar garrison with preachers of islam. Several mosques are being built here, including the Cathedral mosque.

Tatar scribes in their reports to the khans in the capital of the Golden Horde Sarai called the city of Tatar-tup, which is translated from the turkic language as the Tartar Camp.

In the 15th century, the german writer and traveler Schiltberger visited this city, which is already called Julat. He also notes the presence of a large italian diaspora in the city, which has established its trading post here. In addition, this german traveler noted a large number of christians, as well as the presence of a Bishopric in the city.

Apparently, the influence of italian merchants here did not last long, by the end of the 15th century, history does not report them, and there are no signs of catholic churches.

In the 17th century, turkish travelers note that the city is gradually turning into ruins. The houses are not well maintained, mostly empty. The turks call this city Iran-I-Dadian. It feels like people have left, but now they will return, because the names of the building owners are written on the doors and walls.

Researchers believe that at the end of the 17th century, Tat-ar-tup became the capital of the Shamkhal state of the kumyks.

The word Tatartup entered the ossetian epic back in the time of the alans, when their culture was one-related to the culture of the tribes of the indo-iranian vocabulary. In the first Millennium before the New Faith, this was the name of the patron Saint of all travelers and workers in the field. What will be the harvest this year depends on Tatartup.

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