Matraha

Matraha (на ПРОЗА.РУ)

Previously, Tmutorokan in the Kuban Delta, at its confluence with the Azov. Matrega the Genoese, and Taman the turks.

The city of Tmutorokan, under the name of Matara referred to the mid-9th century, when Constantinople moves the Department Zihii to Taman to Matrah.

After 1094, Tmutorokan gradually disappears from historical sources, and the city is referred to as Matraha instead. Before the arrival of the Golden Horde, it was a flourishing trading city, where, according to George Pakhimer, various peoples lived peacefully, the main of which were the alans, Rus and goths.

Khazars in Matrakh are no longer mentioned since the 12th century, it can be assumed that the remaining alans and Rus in the city were previously considered khazars, since they inhabited Matrah with the arrival of the khazars.

In the 12th century, Byzantine historical writings still mark Tamatarcha and its surroundings as belonging to the Byzantine Empire. Sources in arabic and persian it is only on the Matrah.

In 1140, the Byzantine philologist John Tsets wrote about the country of the matarchs as part of the Byzantine Empire.

In 1204, Byzantium loses control of Matraha after the fall of Constantinople as a result of the fourth Crusade.

Priest of theTmutorokan from the 11th century Byzantium was clearly called Matrahs, which is evident from the documents of the synods of Constantinople of the patriarchs, and from Prosopographic lexicon of Palaeologus 13th century.

At the end of the 11th century the Kiev-Pechersk Paterik notes that the monk Nikola was placed in the pulpit of Matraha.

In 1169 the historical authors have noted some anonymous Bishop Matraha.

In the third quarter of the 13th century, the Archdiocese of Matraha was elevated to the rank of Metropolitan, leaving the right to be called Zikhian for the archbishops.

In 1285 Metropolitan Zikhkiy Basil called the Priest Matraha Department.

In the 13th century, with the arrival of Genoese merchants, the city received the name Matrega, which becomes a Genoese colony, while Matrega is ruled by Adyghe princes.

Since the 14th century, in historical sources, all the bishops of the city are called with the prefix Matraha.

In 1396, historical authors for the last time mention the word Matrakh when applied to the city bishops, it was Joseph, Metropolitan of Zikhiya and Matraha.

At the end of the 14th century Matraha Archdiocese leaves the city, Genoese merchants bring catholicism here.

In the middle of the 14th century, there is already a catholic Archbishop present.

In 1419, historical authors recorded the marriage of the rich Genoese Vincenzo de Gisolfi with the daughter of the Adyghe Prince Berozoh, Biha Khanum.

In 1450, Matrega was owned by Zachariya de Gizolfi, the son of Biha-khanum.

In 1475, Crimea became part of the Ottoman Empire, and Matrega became part of Turkey. Prince Matregi Zakhariya, being a turkic-speaking from birth, was able to gain trust from the ottoman pashas and retained relative independence for Matrahi.

In the 16th century, the fortress of the city, built by the Genoese Hunkala was almost destroyed, the turks built a new one in its place, and the city was named Taman.

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