Novonadezhdinsky

Novonadezhdinsky (на ПРОЗА.РУ)

The city is known from the materials of archeology, in the fastis and chronoicles it has not yet found an analogue, so in science the city is called by the name of the settlement of New Hope near the village of Novonadezhdinsky in Dagestan.

The layers of the saltov culture dating back to the Khazar Khaganate are the richest in terms of the density of archaeological material recovered from the settlement. Pletneva group archaeologists support the theory that the first centers of the saltov-mayatsk culture of the khazar type appear in the chain of khazar cities, which included the city on the Novonadezhdinsky settlement.

The first settlements here appear at the beginning of the New Era, which is associated with an increase in the density of caravans passing along the Great Silk Road. The fortifications date from the end of the 2nd century, and the fortress was built in the early 6th century, during the reign of the persian Shahinshahs Anushirvan and Kavad, sometimes considered to be one person. The service here was carried exclusively by the persians.

At the beginning of the 8th century, they were replaced by the khazars, who carried out the reconstruction of the fortress. Now the military garrison consists of local residents. The khazar army arrived here only when conducting military operations against the persians or arabs.

At that time, the city was surrounded by a solid wall consisting of a rampart up to 5 meters high. At the base, the earthworks reached a width of 15 meters.

The area of the city within the defensive rampart reached 4 hectares. In the center of this city stood Detinets with a castle, where there was a Tudun with guards, servants and family. The tudun Palace had a superstructure in the form of a watchtower, from which all the surrounding areas, including neighboring fortresses, were clearly visible, since the city and the fortress were part of a single system of ensuring the security of the trade route that ran in these places, one of the branches of the Great Silk Road.

In 739, in these places, perhaps in the fortress itself, the arab commander Mervan, the future Caliph, gathers the local mountain Kings to persuade them to march with him against the khazars. This was the peak of the arab-khazar war for control of Trade routes in the North-Eastern Caucasus.

Despite the agreements, the Kings of the Mountains, who represented the autochthonous population, began guerrilla actions against the arabs the day after the meeting. In retaliation, Mervan destroyed several fortresses located nearby. The Novonadezhdinsky fortress also fell under the distribution.

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