Ch 24-2

Group Discussions

What conditions and realities of Life made it difficult for supporters of constitutional governments to succeed in Europe in the early 1800s?

Analyzing issues: In the first half of the 1800s, what three groups struggle to gain on a political advantage in European Society? Define each group. Think about who had power and who liked it, political divisions, and the influence of democratic ideals.

Standards:

I-C.3 Explain and analyze revolutions (e.g., democratic, scientific, technological, social) as they evolved throughout the enlightenment and their enduring effects on political, economic and cultural institutions.

Objective:

Identify three schools of political thought.

Trace the development of nationalism.

Describe nationalism in the Balkans.

Analyze reform in France and Russia.

WICOR: Writing, Inquiry, Collaboration, Organization and Reading

EQ: What conditions and realities of life made it difficult for supporters of constitutional government to succeed in Europe in the early 1800s?

Clash of philosophies

Nationalism develops

Nationalist challenge conservative power

Greek gains independence

1830s Uprising crushed

1848 revolutions fail to unite

Radicals change France

The third Republic

France accepts a strong ruler

Reform in Russia

Defeat brings change

Reform and Reaction

Vocabulary

Conservative

People who supported the monarchy

Liberal

People who wanted to give more power to elected legislatures

Radical

People who wanted to end the rule by kings and give full voting rights to all people

Nationalism

Belief that a person's loyalty belongs to the nation itself instead of to the nation's ruler

Nation-State

Country with its own independent government

The Balkans

Region including all or part of present-day Greece, Albania, Bulgaria, Romania, Turkey, and former Yugoslavia

Louis-Napoleon

Winner of the presidential election in France in 1848; later emperor

Alexander II

Ruler of Russia who freed the serfs

Critical Thinking

1a How can people have such different philosophies?

1b To which school do u.s. political parties correspond?

2a Why did leaders of powerful countries oppose revolutions even when not directed against them?

2b How were the Revolutions in Italy different from the Revolutions in Greece, Belgium, and Poland?

3a How are the actions of radicals contrary to their philosophies?

3b Was the elections of Louis Napoleon a victory for the radicals?

4a How did Russia's defeat in the Crimean War push it towards political reform?

4b For the peasants better off after the serfs were freed?