Ch 23
FRENCH REVOLUTION
Standards:
Analyze and interpret the major eras and important turning points in world history from the age of enlightenment to the present, to develop an understanding of the complexity of the human experience:
3. Explain and analyze revolutions (e.g., democratic, scientific, technological, social) as they evolved throughout the enlightenment and their enduring effects on political, economic and cultural institutions, to include:
e. enlightenment philosophies used to support events leading to American and French revolutions;
f. Napoleonic era (e.g., codification of law); Latin America’s wars of independence;
NCSS IIc identify and describe significant historical periods and patterns of change within and across cultures, such as the development of ancient cultures and civilizations, the rise of nations-states, and social, economic, and political revolutions;
NCSS Vc describe the various forms institutions take, and explain how they develop and change over time;
NCSS VIb explain the purpose of government and analyze how its powers are acquired, used, and justified;
NCSS VIc analyze and explain ideas and mechanisms to meet needs and wants of citizens, regulate territory, manage conflict, establish order and security, and balance competing conceptions of a just society;
NCSS VId compare and analyze the ways nations and organizations respond to conflicts between forces of unity and forces of diversity;
NCSS VIf analyze and evaluate conditions, actions, and motivations that contribute to conflict and cooperation within and among nations;
NCSS IXb explain conditions and motivations that contribute to conflict, cooperation, and interdependence among groups, societies, and nations;
Previewing main ideas
Economics
The gap between rich and poor in France was vast. There inequalities of the economy of France were a major cause of the French Revolution.
Revolution
Driven by the example of the American Revolution and such Enlightenment ideas as Liberty, equality, and democracy, the French ousted the government of Louis XVI and established a new political order.
Power and authority
After seizing power in 1799, Napoleon conquered a huge Empire that included much of the Western Europe. His attempt to conquer Russia, however, let to the downfall.
Chapter Objective:
Analyze the French Revolution, the rise and fall of Napoleon, and the Congress of Vienna.
WICOR: Writing, Inquiry, Collaboration, Organization and Reading
SECTION 1 The French Revolution Begins
Describe the factors that led to the French Revolution.
SECTION 2 Revolution Brings Reform and Terror
Summarize the political reforms in France and describe the Reign of Terror.
SECTION 3 Napoleon Forges an Empire
Trace Napoleon's rise to power.
SECTION 4 Napoleon's Empire Collapses
Explain the collapse of Napoleon's empire.
SECTION 5 The Congress of Vienna
Describe the influence of the Congress of Vienna.
Vocabulary
Bastille
Paris prison
Bourgeoisie
Well-off merchants and skilled workers
Committee of Public Safety
Committee led by Robespierre that tried "enemies of the Revolution" and had them executed
Conservatives
Those favoring established or traditional ways of governing
Declaration of the Rights of Men
Revolutionary statement guaranteeing rights such as liberty and property
Delegates
Representatives
Deserted
Left without permission; ran away
Emperor
Absolute ruler
First Estate
Class made up of Roman Catholic clergy
Mob
Unpredictable crowd that acts as a single body
Radicals
Revolutionaries; people with extreme political views
Representative Government
Government in which lawmakers represent the will of the people
Royalists
Supporters of the monarchy
Second Estate
Class made up of nobles
Stability
Order; safety and security
Third Estate
All merchants, skilled workers, city workers, and peasants
Versailles
Site of the extremely luxurious palace of the kings of France
Chapter Quiz:
The bourgeois members of the Third Estate were unhappy with the Old Regime because
(A)they did not like Marie Antoinette
(B)they wanted to help the poor
(C)the other two estates had privileges which were denied them
(D)they supported the American Revolution
The major goal of the French Revolution was
(A)to execute the king
(B)to create a more democratic government
(C)to liberate the peoples of Europe
(D)the abolition of slavery
After the Reign of Terror, French public opinion
(A)remained the same as before
(B)became more conservative
(C)became more radical
(D)shifted to other concerns
French voters supported Napoleon’s decision to appoint himself emperor because
(A)they supported expansion in the New World
(B)the Pope had become less powerful
(C)he had successfully restored order and peace to France
(D)they wanted to restrict the new rights established during the Revolution
All of the following were goals of the Congress of Vienna EXCEPT
(A)restoring monarchy throughout Europe
(B)preventing the future expansion of France
(C)punishing the government of France
(D)creating a balance of power among European nations
Group project, using WICOR: Writing, Inquiry, Collaboration, Organization and Reading. Assigned Groups will create and present, "I am Poem" and 5 Section Graphic organizer Posters.
Across
1.French prison and revolutionary symbol [8L]
5.Country not conquered by Napoleon (2 wrds) [12L]
8.Meeting place of European congress [6L]
10.Site of Napoleon's major naval defeat [9L]
11.Ruler during Reign of Terror [11L]
12.Political and social system before French Revolution (2 wrds) [9L]
13.Left-wing of the Legislative Assembly [8L]
Down
2.France's enemy in Peninsular War [5L]
3.Large social classes [7L]
4.Least powerful social class before the Revolution (2 wrds) [11L]
5.Machine for beheading criminals [10L]
6.A time when thousands of citizens were executed (3 wrds) [13L]
7.A forcible closing of ports [8L]
9.Site of Napoleon's final battle [8L]