Gigantochloa auriculata s. Gamble
Gigantochloa auriculata sensu Gamble, 1896: pl. 49, not Gigantochloa auriculata (Kurz) Kurz
Thai names: ไผ่ผาก (phai phak); ไผ่โคนลาย (phai khon lai); ไผ่มัน (phai man); ไผ่เปาะ (phai po).
Distribution: THAILAND (South, West). — MYANMAR (South). — BANGLADESH. — INDIA (North-East).
Culm size: Height 12–15 m, diameter 5–8 cm.
Descriptions:
(1) J. S. Gamble, Bambuseae Brit. India, 1896: p. 55 [#1230].
(2) S. Sungkaew & al., ไผ่ในเมืองไทย (Bamboo of Thailand), 2011: p. 162–163 [#1180].
(3) A. J. C. Bose, Bamboos (brochure), IBG Howrah, Kolkata, 2013: p. 32 [#1260].
(4) C. Rattamanee, Revis. Gigantochloa in Thailand, 2014: p. 71-73, fig. 20 [#1225].
Images: Line drawing in J. S. Gamble, Bambuseae Brit. India, 1896: pl. 49 [#1230]. Photos in S. Sungkaew & al., ไผ่ในเมืองไทย (Bamboo of Thailand), 2011: p. 162–163 [#1180]; A. J. C. Bose, Bamboos (brochure), IBG Howrah, Kolkata, 2013: p. 32 fig. A-E (habit, culms, node, young shoot, culm-leaf) [#1260].
Uses: Shoots are bitter, and not recommended for food. Culms for construction.
Comments:
(1) The name, Gigantochloa auriculata, based on Bambusa auriculata Kurz, is considered a synonym of Bambusa vulgaris (Kew). The plant described and illustrated by Gamble under this name, Bambusa auriculata, is not Bambusa vulgaris but a species of Gigantochloa, similar to BS-0588.
(2) Gigantochloa latifolia Ridley, a species from northern Malaysia with flowers known, has been assumed to be conspecific with Gigantochloa auriculata s. Gamble, but the plants which are grown at Bambusetum Baan Sammi under the name Gigantochloa latifolia are different from BS-0588.
Specimen: BS-0588 [C2-R06] (living plant), southern Thailand, without precise locality, cult. in Nong Bua Lamphu Province, received as "ไผ่โคนลาย (phai khon lai)" from ธ. ล., 1 Dec. 2010.
Gigantochloa auriculata s. Gamble (BS-0588): Young shoot and old culm with culm-leaves, young culms, auriculate foliage-leaf sheaths, habit (from left to right)
Characteristics: Habit tight caespitose. Rhizome pachymorph. Culms to 16 m long, straight, erect below, arching, apically down to the ground; unbranched on the ,basal, lower culm and mid-culm, but with short slender rudimentary branches on the basal and lower culm. Young shoots conical, with culm-leaf blades stiffly erect, light green, dark hairy; emerge in June. Culm-internodes 27–41 (50) cm long, mid-green, distally with a few loosely scattered short black rigid hairs when young, glabrous when old, with narrow yellowish stripes of various widths on the lower culm; diameter 5–8 cm; very thick-walled on the basal culm, sometimes solid, moderately thick-walled or thin-walled on the upper culm. Culm-nodes flat, glabrous; sheath scar prominent and elevated; supranodal line obscure or discernible, without a ridge. Branches several on the upper culm, central one dominant, rudimentary very thin short branches (with very small foliage-leaf blades) on the basal culm; branching intravaginal on the upper culm, extravaginal on the basal culm. Culm-leaves leathery, late deciduous on the upper culm, persistent and decaying on the basal, lower, and mid-culm. Culm-leaf sheaths half to two-thirds as long as the internode on the mid-culm, longer or nearly as long as the internode on the lower culm, light green when young, straw-colored when dry, with large patches of short, rigid, appressed dark-brownish hairs becoming blackish, these patches usually loosely arranged in two irregular lengthwise streaks from the base to the top, not reaching the left and right margin, and with an almost hair-free area in the middle part between the two lengthwise streaks; margins black ciliate; apex obtuse-triangular truncate, and with a triangular extension at the edges. Culm-leaf auricles rim-like, firm, rounded or oval-shaped towards the edge, entire, glossy and dark green when young; without bristles. Culm-leaf ligule low, about 2–3 mm, evenly high, subentire or irregularly denticulate. Culm-leaf blade stiffly erect, persistent or late caducous, triangular, about 6 cm wide and 23 cm tall, as long as the sheath, or longer as the sheath on the lower and mid-culm, adaxially scattered with short appressed blackish hairs, usually with a denser lengthwise streak of appressed blackish hairs in the middle; apex acuminate. Foliage-leaves (6) 9–11 (14) per branchlet. Foliage-leaf sheath glabrous, yellowish-green when young; margins eciliate. Foliage-leaf auricles small, rounded, entire, purplish when young; without bristles. Foliage-leaf ligule short, 1 mm, entire; outer ligule present. Foliage-leaf blades large, 30–40 × 6–8 cm, glabrous on both surfaces, mid-green above, light bluish-green beneath; margins antrorsely scaberulous; base rounded to cuneate; apex acuminate; midrib proximally prominent, whitish green beneath; pseudopetiole 5–9 mm long. Flowers and seeds are unknown.
Specimen: BS-0104 [-] (living plant), southern Thailand, without precise locality, coll. by C. S., received from ธ. ล. in June 2010.
Comments: Culms green, without stripes. In comparison to BS-0588, no significant differences can be identified.
Specimen: BS-0569-1 [BBG] (living plant), southern Thailand, without precise locality, coll. by C. S., #3073, received from ธ. ล. in June 2010.
Comments: Culms green, without stripes. In comparison to BS-0588, no significant differences can be identified, but culm-leaf auricles seem to be larger in BS-0569-1.