Introduction to English Linguistics
in a Diachronic Perspective 

The seminar explores the historical development and evolution of the English language, focusing on its changes over time and its relationship to other languages, such as German and Italian. Through a series of sessions, the seminar highlights structural, semantic, and theoretical issues, providing insights into the complex dynamics of English as a global language. The sessions are tailored for students of English, but also for linguists, language historians, and those seeking a deeper understanding of how English has been shaped by internal developments and external influences over centuries.

From Similar Beginnings to Different Synchronic States: Major Structural Differences Between English and German (and Italian)

This session examines the shared origins of English and German in the Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family. It traces the divergence of their structural features due to historical developments, including the Norman Conquest, grammatical simplifications in English, and the effects of language contact. Comparisons will also involve Italian, a Romance language, to highlight contrasts in phonology, syntax, and morphology. Attendees will gain an understanding of how different historical trajectories have resulted in distinct synchronic linguistic states.

Semantic Change in English

This session focuses on semantic change, exploring how the meanings of English words have evolved over time. Participants will examine processes such as widening, narrowing, amelioration, and pejoration, along with external influences like technological advancements and social change. Key examples include shifts in core vocabulary and loanwords from Latin, French, and other languages. Discussions will emphasize the implications of these changes for modern English and its adaptability as a global lingua franca.

Is English a Nordic Language, a Semi-Creole, or Simply a Hybrid Language?

In this session, participants will explore theoretical perspectives on the classification of English. The discussion will consider arguments for English as a Nordic language, given its significant Old Norse influences; as a semi-creole, due to its simplified morphology and historical contact with Old Norman French; and as a hybrid language, reflecting its mixed Germanic and Romance heritage. By comparing linguistic features with other languages, this session aims to assess English’s unique status and the controversies surrounding its typological identity.

DOI: 10.57596/1-3-23-10-11-12-11-2024