Among all microorganisms, pathogenic bacteria have always been the most common cause of foodborne illness. Just like us, bacteria require a certain environment for optimal growth. If the environment is right and meets their needs, bacteria can double every 20 minutes, often growing without limit - a concept we refer to as exponential! A hazardous food is considered any food that can support the growth of a pathogen. Understanding what bacteria need to thrive and survive will help us understand which type of foods are more hazardous and which require a greater level of care while working with them. Let's take a look at some of the requirements and explore how each factor might impact bacterial growth and survival.