Acts 15:1-35
The Council at Jerusalem
1 Certain people came down from Judea to Antioch and were teaching the believers: “Unless you are circumcised,according to the custom taught by Moses, you cannot be saved.” 2 This brought Paul and Barnabas into sharp dispute and debate with them. So Paul and Barnabas were appointed, along with some other believers, to go up to Jerusalem to see the apostles and elders about this question. 3 The church sent them on their way, and as they traveled through Phoenicia and Samaria, they told how the Gentiles had been converted. This news made all the believers very glad.4 When they came to Jerusalem, they were welcomed by the church and the apostles and elders, to whom they reported everything God had done through them.
5 Then some of the believers who belonged to the party of the Pharisees stood up and said, “The Gentiles must be circumcised and required to keep the law of Moses.”
6 The apostles and elders met to consider this question. 7 After much discussion, Peter got up and addressed them: “Brothers, you know that some time ago God made a choice among you that the Gentiles might hear from my lips the message of the gospel and believe. 8 God, who knows the heart, showed that he accepted them by giving the Holy Spirit to them, just as he did to us. 9 He did not discriminate between us and them, for he purified their hearts by faith.10 Now then, why do you try to test God by putting on the necks of Gentiles a yoke that neither we nor our ancestors have been able to bear? 11 No! We believe it is through the grace of our Lord Jesus that we are saved, just as they are.”
12 The whole assembly became silent as they listened to Barnabas and Paul telling about the signs and wonders God had done among the Gentiles through them. 13 When they finished, James spoke up. “Brothers,” he said, “listen to me.14 Simon has described to us how God first intervened to choose a people for his name from the Gentiles. 15 The words of the prophets are in agreement with this, as it is written:
16 “‘After this I will return
and rebuild David’s fallen tent.
Its ruins I will rebuild,
and I will restore it,
17 that the rest of mankind may seek the Lord,
even all the Gentiles who bear my name,
says the Lord, who does these things’—
18 things known from long ago.
19 “It is my judgment, therefore, that we should not make it difficult for the Gentiles who are turning to God.20 Instead we should write to them, telling them to abstain from food polluted by idols, from sexual immorality, from the meat of strangled animals and from blood. 21 For the law of Moses has been preached in every city from the earliest times and is read in the synagogues on every Sabbath.”
22 Then the apostles and elders, with the whole church, decided to choose some of their own men and send them to Antioch with Paul and Barnabas. They chose Judas (called Barsabbas) and Silas, men who were leaders among the believers. 23 With them they sent the following letter:
The apostles and elders, your brothers,
To the Gentile believers in Antioch, Syria and Cilicia:
Greetings.
24 We have heard that some went out from us without our authorization and disturbed you, troubling your minds by what they said. 25 So we all agreed to choose some men and send them to you with our dear friends Barnabas and Paul— 26 men who have risked their lives for the name of our Lord Jesus Christ. 27 Therefore we are sending Judas and Silas to confirm by word of mouth what we are writing. 28 It seemed good to the Holy Spirit and to us not to burden you with anything beyond the following requirements: 29 You are to abstain from food sacrificed to idols, from blood, from the meat of strangled animals and from sexual immorality. You will do well to avoid these things.
Farewell.
30 So the men were sent off and went down to Antioch, where they gathered the church together and delivered the letter. 31 The people read it and were glad for its encouraging message. 32 Judas and Silas, who themselves were prophets, said much to encourage and strengthen the believers. 33 After spending some time there, they were sent off by the believers with the blessing of peace to return to those who had sent them. [34] 35 But Paul and Barnabas remained in Antioch, where they and many others taught and preached the word of the Lord.
Galatians 2:1-10
Paul and Barnabas with the Jerusalem Leaders
1 Then after fourteen years, I went up again to Jerusalem, this time with Barnabas. I took Titus along also. 2 I went in response to a revelation and, meeting privately with those esteemed as leaders, I presented to them the gospel that I preach among the Gentiles. I wanted to be sure I was not running and had not been running my race in vain. 3 Yet not even Titus, who was with me, was compelled to be circumcised, even though he was a Greek. 4 This matter arose because some false believers had infiltrated our ranks to spy on the freedom we have in Christ Jesus and to make us slaves. 5 We did not give in to them for a moment, so that the truth of the gospel might be preserved for you.
6 As for those who were held in high esteem—whatever they were makes no difference to me; God does not show favoritism—they added nothing to my message. 7 On the contrary, they recognized that I had been entrusted with the task of preaching the gospel to the uncircumcised, just as Peter had been to the circumcised. 8 For God, who was at work in Peter as an apostle to the circumcised, was also at work in me as an apostle to the Gentiles. 9 James, Cephas and John, those esteemed as pillars, gave me and Barnabas the right hand of fellowship when they recognized the grace given to me. They agreed that we should go to the Gentiles, and they to the circumcised. 10 All they asked was that we should continue to remember the poor, the very thing I had been eager to do all along.
Acts 21:17-26
Paul’s Arrival at Jerusalem
17 When we arrived at Jerusalem, the brothers and sisters received us warmly. 18 The next day Paul and the rest of us went to see James, and all the elders were present. 19 Paul greeted them and reported in detail what God had done among the Gentiles through his ministry.
20 When they heard this, they praised God. Then they said to Paul: “You see, brother, how many thousands of Jews have believed, and all of them are zealous for the law. 21 They have been informed that you teach all the Jews who live among the Gentiles to turn away from Moses, telling them not to circumcise their children or live according to our customs. 22 What shall we do? They will certainly hear that you have come, 23 so do what we tell you. There are four men with us who have made a vow. 24 Take these men, join in their purification rites and pay their expenses, so that they can have their heads shaved. Then everyone will know there is no truth in these reports about you, but that you yourself are living in obedience to the law. 25 As for the Gentile believers, we have written to them our decision that they should abstain from food sacrificed to idols, from blood, from the meat of strangled animals and from sexual immorality.”
26 The next day Paul took the men and purified himself along with them. Then he went to the temple to give notice of the date when the days of purification would end and the offering would be made for each of them.
1 Corinthians 15:1-11
Jesus is Seen by James, Peter, (His Disciples), and Paul after His Resurrection
1 Now, brothers and sisters, I want to remind you of the gospel I preached to you, which you received and on which you have taken your stand. 2 By this gospel you are saved, if you hold firmly to the word I preached to you. Otherwise, you have believed in vain.
3 For what I received I passed on to you as of first importance: that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, 4 that he was buried, that he was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures, 5 and that he appeared to Cephas, and then to the Twelve. 6 After that, he appeared to more than five hundred of the brothers and sisters at the same time, most of whom are still living, though some have fallen asleep. 7 Then he appeared to James, then to all the apostles, 8 and last of all he appeared to me also, as to one abnormally born.
9 For I am the least of the apostles and do not even deserve to be called an apostle, because I persecuted the church of God. 10 But by the grace of God I am what I am, and his grace to me was not without effect. No, I worked harder than all of them—yet not I, but the grace of God that was with me. 11 Whether, then, it is I or they, this is what we preach, and this is what you believed.
The Jerusalem Council were the followers and leaders of Jesus who got together around the year 50 b.c., approximately twenty years after His death...The gospel of Jesus Christ was young and growing...It appears the Leaders of the Council were James, Cephas, and John...James was Jesus' Brother, and Peter and John were two of the prominent and often mentioned original Disciples of Jesus...One of the things this group did was work with Paul and Barnabas to discuss whether Gentiles had to be circumcised to become followers of Christ...Certain people at one of the meetings in which Paul and Barnabas attended in this Council, thought that new believers in Jesus should follow the Law of Moses...These followers and this group stated that “Unless you are circumcised, according to the custom taught by Moses, you cannot be saved.”...Paul and Barnabas did not believe that they had to be circumcised to follow Jesus...Since most of the original followers of Jesus were Jewish, they believed in the Mosaic Law...The Jerusalem Council would have some influence over how Jesus was to be followed, since the Council included Jesus' brother, James, as well as Peter and John...Paul, Barnabas, and Titus (a Gentile) did not necessarily believe one had to be circumcised to be saved...This issue was of much discussion...
As Paul writes an epistle to the Galatians, it seems that he is discussing the circumcision issue with the new Church in Galatia...As you read to what Paul wrote to the Galatians, his writing seems to be referring to the Jerusalem Council...If not, then it is another dispute over the very same circumcision issue with the Gentiles (and with the Jerusalem Leaders again)...Paul, Barnabas, and Titus had went to Jerusalem to meet privately with the esteemed Leaders...Paul, Barnabas, and Titus did not give in to them for a moment, so that the truth of the gospel might be preserved for the new followers in Galatia...And again later in the Acts Paul again goes to Jerusalem and meets with James and the other elders...This meeting is not referred to in the Acts as a Jerusalem Council meeting, but it is very similar and close to there first meeting...All the followers of Jesus were trying to keep organized and get as many people saved by Jesus as could be saved... And it seems they were having some growing pains keeping everyone together and happy about what the rules were of the Gospel of Jesus...And the main problem in this meeting was over circumcision...
The Council of Jerusalem and these meetings are evidence that Jesus lived, died, and resurrected...The information on the Jerusalem Leaders is written by Luke in the Acts, and the letter to the Galatians is written by Paul, concerning very similar issues...These meetings, this Council, the people at the Council meeting -James, brother of Jesus, St. Peter, St. John, St, Paul, St. Barnabas, and St. Titus tell us much about how they tried to get organized and how they tried to keep the followers of Jesus and the gospel on the same page and keep them together...The brother of Jesus, James played a big role in the early church...James would have known Jesus intimately being His Brother...James saw His Brother after His death and resurrection...So did Paul, Peter, and John...These four men are great evidence that Jesus not only lived, but died, and most importantly resurrected...A brother of Christ -James, a physician -Luke, a well educated Pharisee -Paul, a Gentile -Titus, and two fisherman -Peter and John, show us the diversity of followers in the Teachings of our LORD and our God...