da, de, d', du, la, van, von

Capitalization of particles such as de, du, la, von, etc., varies, depending on the preference of the individual.  If this cannot be ascertained, lowercase the particle (except for La, Le, Les in French names) with the full name or surname only except at the beginning of a sentence.

Do not allow a line break to separate the particle from the surname that follows. Occasionally the particle is dropped entirely.

In some cases the particle is dropped when the surname is used alone:

          Paul von Hindenburg, Hindenburg

           

Vasco da Gama, da Gama

Charles de Gaulle, de Gaulle

Comte de Grasse, de Grasse

Michel de Montaigne, Montaigne

Marquis de Montcalm, Montcalm

Duc de La Rochefoucauld, La Rochefoucauld

Hernando de Soto, Soto (academic usage), de Soto (popular usage)

Irénée du Pont

Ludwig van Beethoven, Beethoven

Vincent van Gogh, van Gogh

Wernher von Braun, Von Braun

Friedrich von Schiller, Schiller