Paving the Way to a More Equitable World
The Importance of Technology
Kyelee McCoy
Pueblo of Acoma
Paving the Way to a More Equitable World
The Importance of Technology
Kyelee McCoy
Pueblo of Acoma
(Personal Photo 1, 2022)
“Sharing One Skin” Okanagan Community - Jannet Armstrong
Sharing one skin can mean a multitude of attributes. Connections through yourself, community, and emotional well beings. This connection is referred to as the four capacities of self; physical self, emotional self, thinking-intellectual self, and spirit self. To connect with the land and to be a true human in nature, these components reveal a deeper meaning. Being in tune with yourself gives you the ability to connect with people, land, and every existing thing on the planet. This self consciousness creates valuable connections to home and creates sustainable societies.
Armstrong, Jeanette. “Sharing One Skin: The Okanagan Community,” in Jerry
Mander and Edward Goldsmith (eds), The Case Against the Global
Economy. San Francisco, CA, Sierra Club Books, 1996. Pp 460-470.
(Personal Photo 2, 2022)
High Country News
How place names impact the way we see landscape
Western landscapes and their names are stratified with personal memories, ancestral teachings, mythic events and colonial disturbances.
The naming of landscape can be perceived in a deeper meaning that one might think. When using colonizing names on native communities, it gives power to those who have harmed the places of resilience. It’s disrespectful to use these names when referring to these places, there’s always a higher power whether it be energies or mystic beings that still resonate within these geological sites. It’s important to soak up stories of places because they provide the sense of belonging. Though, if we spread our native knowledge and make connections with non natives we can inspire through the beauty and strength of a landscape.
Toastie, B. “How place names impact the way we see landscape.” High
Country News: Know the West, 1 May 2022,
https://www.hcn.org/issues/54.5/people-places-how-place-names-im
pact-the-way-we-see-landscape. Accessed 27 August 2022.
In Search of Chaco
New Approaches to an Archaeological Enigma
Chapter 5 Artifacts in Chaco- Where They Came From and What They Mean
In the earlier times, tools and goods were made and were the basis for good social relationships. Pottery, arrow heads, and fur were the most common traded items. The pottery and arrowheads are the start of technological innovations for the Native Americans. This innovations made it easier for hunting and was used as weapons during warfare. Arrowheads can be traced all the way back into the stone age. From molded clay, pottery had began, pottery was an innovation for carrying water, cooking, and storage. Pottery was also the avenue for artistic expressions. With all of these technological innovations, trade and bartering began to happen. With trade becomes networking and creates a source of social relationships. Old technology created social connections that would later be carried on throughout history.
Noble, David Grant (eds). “Chapter 5 Artifacts in Chaco Where They Came
From and What They Mean.” In Search of Chaco: New Approaches to an Archaeological Enigma, School of American Research Press, 2004.
(McCoy Kyelee. Tulum Ruin 1, August 8, 2022.)
(McCoy Kyelee. Puerto Aventuras, August 5, 2022.)
The Infrastructure of Modernity:
Indirect Social Relationships, Information Technology, and Social Integration
Technology has drastically changed over the past decades. We live in an era where technology is a vital source in our daily life. We use technology for communication, social lives, work, education, and on the whole, to make life easier. As a society, we have grown an excellent dependence on innovation in the tech world. Elders and many other old thinkers, see the innovation of social media and online-based relationships to be fake or nonsense. There are strong beliefs that technology is hindering our social relationships rather than strengthening them. Calhoun writes, “..such relational structures have been neglected compared to other aspects of integration and that they have been conceptualized in ways that focus on face-to-face interaction and obscure the fact that mediated relationships are still social relationships.” (207). Which initializes that online social relationships are just as adequate in the world today.
Calhoun, Craig. "The infrastructure of modernity: Indirect social relationships, information
technology, and social integration." Social change and modernity (1992): 205-236.
The Origins of Technology
Mark Thomas
TEDxUCL
The first tools were created approximately 3.3 million years ago. To the average human, these tools weren’t that impressive, it was just rock sharpened; these were created during the Lomekwian traditions. And was modified during the Oldowan and Acheulean era tradition. It wasn’t until the middle of the Paleolithic era that we started seeing the tools get more impressive. The spear began to start looking more like arrowheads. Back then, the progress was modest, there weren’t too many innovations happening frequently. Then, during the upper paleolithic transition, it was an explosion in innovation. This was the origin of modern human behavior. Better tools, beginning of instruments, as well as realistic and abstract art. Brain size has changed since the older ways of technology. It's believed that when the brain size had developed there was a new rewiring of our thought process. Another aspect of technological innovations is culture. From chimpanzees to humans, every living existence has a culture. Technology and culture correlate because they both evolve and grow. When other cultures are intertwined or discovered it is the backbone of new technology. Complexity creates new cultural knowledge.
TEDxTalks, director. YouTube, Thomas, Mark. The Origins
of Technology, 27 Jan. 2016, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jxMh_3ooFyM&t=19s. Accessed 13 Oct. 2022.
(McCoy Kyelee. Ridgway, April 9, 2022.)
(NM Technology Access, 2020)
Slow Internet Limits Opportunities for Rural New Mexico Youth
New Mexico ranks at the bottom for internet access in the United States; currently, 25% of students lack access. During the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, the lack of reliable connections caused many struggles regarding education, healthcare, employment, information, benefits, and services. Fortunately, Crystal Gonzales and Ben Glickler from Deming Public Schools advocated for the constitutional right to education. "It's a significant equity issue. Students are facing enough challenges and working hard to prevail — they need reliable and efficient connectivity and technology to work for them," argued Gonzales. This caused the New Mexico government to look towards making a difference since technology is the only way to stay relevant in a changing society. In April 2021, a ruling was held and mandated that all school districts in the state must provide internet access and technology to their students. This precisely was geared to target Indigenous and Hispanic students coming from underrepresented communities. Yet, high-speed internet costs a good amount of money. In Deming, there is a 44% poverty rate and families struggling to make ends meet; access is an unaffordable luxury to many. Once students can continue their education back in the classroom, schools find that their fiber-optic connections are insufficient to support education using online sources. Education is necessary; without access to online sources, it has failed to keep an equitable functioning society.
Today, Tamara Rosenberg / Youth. “Slow Internet Limits Opportunities for Rural New Mexico
Youth.” The Daily Yonder, 6 June 2022, https://dailyyonder.com/slow-internet-limits-opportunities-for-rural-new-mexico-youth/2022/06/08/.
In The Gambia, the current population as of January 2022 is 2.52 million, with only 1.29 million internet users. Over 49% of the population does not have access to technology and remains offline. The people of Gambia face these connectivity problems because of the data cost. Data can cost 10,000 dalasis (USD $200) per month to have the luxury of a reliable connection. With this, there are constant blackouts that happen. In February, there were two major ones, one lasting 6 hours and the following lasting 12 hours. Because of this, the Gambian President, Mr. Barrow, could not attend an online Economic Community of West African States meeting. The World Bank is currently helping fund this Underdeveloped Country with nearly half of the total population in poverty.
One gigabyte of internet costs roughly $5 USD, but the average Gambian earns less than $1 USD a day. Unfortunately, in November 2019, the Gambia Constitution was newly drafted, and an internet connection was not mentioned. Many countries consider accessibility a necessity, along with electricity and water. However, Give1Project positioned a paper on digital rights. They demanded that there needs to be equal access to technology for all citizens and marginalized groups. When barriers to entry, affordability, and the need to improve infrastructure are removed, connecting all citizens is easy. Even with technological improvements available in The Gambia, there is no sufficiently improved infrastructure; without this improvement, it's causing damage to the potential growth and development. The citizens of the Gambia must have the internet to be developed. Activists must continue to advocate for the rights of Gambians to access internet services.
“'A Day without Internet Is a Day in the Dark': The Gambia's Growing Digital Divide.” Global
Voices, 16 Apr. 2021, https://globalvoices.org/2021/03/31/a-day-without-internet-is-a-day-in-the-dark-the-gambias-growing-digital-divide/.
(Gambia Technology Information, 2017.)
(Digital Divide, 2018)
Information Communications Technology or technologies (ICT) referees to any network, system, or device that interacts with the digital world. This is also interchangeable with information technology (IT), but ICT is more comprehensive. ICT has drastically changed how people communicate, work, live, and learn. This continues to revolutionize human intelligence and experience. With this, we see significant changes to economic development; it is known as the fourth international revolution. The ICT market has developed the delivery of various technology at lower prices for a diverse range of consumers and creating new market opportunities. Many have recognized the continence Information Communications Technology has made. It has ranged from highly automated cost-cutting business processes to the big data revolution that promotes new insight and productivity, then to social media, online marketing, and applications like telemedicine. There are disadvantageous that come with this. With new levels of data and applications available, there has been a peak in new levels of crime. Many have lost their job because automation tools and robots are replacing workers. And there is the controversy that ICT has stifled human interaction.
Hanna, Katie Terrell. “What Is the Digital Divide and How Is It Being Bridged?” WhatIs.com,
TechTarget, 11 Aug. 2021, https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/digital-divide.
(Personal Photos 4,5,6- 2022)
During the week of November 7th - 11th, I created videos explaining how to operate online applications to create a website. These videos went and continuously go through an extensive editing process to make sure they could be utilized and understood. After compilation, They will be sent to The Gambia in hopes of educating them through technology.
How South Korea became the “most innovative country” in the world.
In the past, South Korea was known to be one of the least likely countries to develop a thriving society. Nearly 60 years prior, the population was full of poverty, making South Korea one of the poorest countries. However, this country claimed the spot and was labeled the most innovative by the Bloomberg Innovation Index. This country has accomplished well in the investment of research and development (R&D) and manufacturing. This investment is engrained in South Korea both in processes and culture. The country and its leaders find research and development essential for a sustainable future. In 1961, the Korean government proposed the first significant investment during Park Chung-hee's presidency. The president had implemented a five-year economic plan to center around R&D. From this investment, the Korea Institute of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Science and Technology were established by 1967. During the 1970s, the government's investments had been profitable, and big corporations such as Hyundai, Kia, Samsung, and a multitude of local Universities had the ability to begin a new change of innovations. The critical part of this innovation is that it would be accessible and affordable for locals and abroad.
The research and development innovations had been fuel for the market- cresting innovations, which would produce simple and affordable access for consumers, which would generally be complex and expensive products. In order to create a thriving economy, innovators have created entirely new markets. This includes investments in the distribution of products, new employment opportunities, improving infrastructure, and ultimately a new tax revenue for the South Korean government. Advancements in the technological field have been created from the research and development the government has been funding for years. The innovation made it possible for brands such as Samsung to be widely used in Asia, where technology was once widely an unknown source. “European and US companies are eager and willing to sell products to Korea; however, the Korean Government has deliberately chosen to continue supporting the country's self-made innovational devices.” With the investment to continue the countries' products, Samsung had created devices for the citizens to afford in their economic conditions. Samsung had made a million sales in South Korea by 1976. South Korea is one of the top ten most developed economies globally. The progression could only have been made with the government and corporate partnerships and intuitions with research that has powered a thriving, well-known market that is a leader in advancing innovation. It is Ideal to support the R&D used to create a new robust market.
Within South Korea, the innovation that has been created is revolutionary. Making investments within the country's sources has been proven to be effective not only within its country itself but has spread throughout the globe. When the government invests in the research needed to develop a better future, we are able to see the advancements for the country take place. It is interesting to see the progression of technology access, starting from almost none to being a mass producer in the world market. Investments in the future inevitably create a well-developed community.
Fohtung, Jacob. “How South Korea Became the ‘Most Innovative Country’ in the World.”
Christensen Institute, 9 Nov. 2021, https://www.christenseninstitute.org/blog/how-south-korea-became-the-most-innovative-country-in-the-world/.
(Building an IT Economy, 2021)
(Rural Kiribati, 2022.)
Kiribati, located in pacific Asia, is one of the most isolated countries known globally. Telecommunication technological access within this country is minimal and expensive. Improved access on all technological levels will significantly improve the lives of the people who occupy the country. The World Bank, New Zealand, and AusAID are in support of a new project aiming at creating a new environment for information communication technology development within the country of Kiribati. From a World Bank report in 2012, approximately three-fourths of the world has a phone. However, the underdeveloped country of Kiribati and other Pacifically located countries still need to be completely cut off from this innovation. “While Somans have 90 percent of their people are connected with a mobile device, Kiribati is 14 percent.” On top of this drastically low percentage, they only have less than half of a percent internet access. The people loathed within the capital cities have a ratio of one in every one hundred people who have broadband internet. Communication technology is expensive, and travel costs require much currency from one side of the island to the other. The economic status of this country is deficient. In the city where citizens have network coverage, however, they cannot cover the cost of making a single call. For many people, it is hard by the lack of allowance to keep in touch with family making it almost impossible. This country has the world's most expensive telecommunication while being one of the most in poverty.
The project with the world bank to improve informational communication technology is expected to create complete access to technology. The aims of this project will focus on creating a regulatory environment that encourages telecommunications investment. This will ensure that more people can be connected to the modern world at an affordable cost. Not only is the technology an advancement to stay connected within the islands, but it will also be able to connect the people to new markets quarantined to boost the country's economic status. Mobile connections and a decent internet span will offer new opportunities for the country's people and bring businesses to carry out transactions. When looking at the geographic dimensions of the Pacific, telecommunication will have an enormous impact.
Within this country of Kiribati, we see the impact of having little to no access to our modern society. Without the connection globally, the country's economic state has collapsed, leaving the government and its people behind in a world where communication globally is necessary. With the high cost of communication, people need help to connect globally, leaving them completely isolated. It is essential to be a part of the innovation happening to develop the country's economy. The project within the country will significantly impact people's lives and allow for new endeavors.
“Connecting People in Remote Kiribati.” World Bank, World Bank Group, 15 Aug. 2012,
https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2012/08/03/connecting-people-in-remote-kiribati.
Invest in Switzerland
In Switzerland, there is a high achievement for the country's development. The developed country has a tremendously liberal economic system with a well-developed economic system. The political stability and world trade with other economies from other countries gear towards creating an equitable society. The competitiveness of the Swiss economy comes from the high quality of education and improved infrastructure given to the citizens of Switzerland. This country is known to be a leading innovator in the world today. “Innovational technology comes from education, deliberately focusing on the workforce, and higher institutions focusing on the needs for a sustainable society.” Many of the innovators from Switzerland have a high degree of knowledge that aims towards creating and achieving. Not only does knowledge lead the power, but Switzerland is also known to be a haven when dealing with politics and finances. With low capitalism costs, lower taxation, a politically empowered federal state system, and a stable currency, Swiss governments can promise security for a high level of investments within their country. Swizz people have a beautiful culture with a high development rate causing it to be a leading innovator globally and offering the highest standards of living.
When the government is set up for success, we can see the innovation that leads the world into the future. In Switzerland, we can see many benefits related to the high standards of living Swizz people are entitled to. Not only have a rich culture but be able to move into the modern world and be a key player in the world market. With the investments made by the country, we can see a flourishing economy and technological innovations that have flourished and improved the lives of its people. Just like in South Korea, when the government invests in the development of its people, innovation can thrive.
“Invest in Switzerland.” YouTube, 1 Apr. 2014, https://youtu.be/vd99IJQhk7U.
(Switzerland Global Enterprise, 2022)