Mysterious Mineral Collection Subpage 11

Anvils

The stone tool specimens in the photograph

above is of two separate anvils. Anvils are

used as work tables for support with wood working

and stone tool working. These particular anvils are

very small and can be held in the palm of your hand.

Chert on a

Sedimentary Rock

The stone mineral specimen in the picture

above is of chert on a sedimentary rock. Chert

is a chemical sedimentary rock which is made

of fine grained quartz which breaks on curved

surfaces, can be considered jasper, flint, or agate.

Drill Bit

The stone tool specimen in the picture above is

of a drill bit. Drill bit are used to poke and drill

holes through animal hides and wood workings.

Drill bits can also be used for writing on bone or

wood workings.

Emery Rock

The stone mineral in the portrait above is emery

rock. Emery rock is the mineral used to make

emery boards. This stone tool would have been great

for filing the finger and tow nails as probably done

by the Hohokam Indians.

Even Biface

The stone tool in the picture above is an even biface.

Bifaces are stone tools which are worked on both

sides of the flake tool. The even biface has even

sides which are square. Their are many different

shapes of bifaces. This particular biface has a

blunt and flat tip or end to it.

Gray Sandstone

The mineral specimen in the picture above

is gray sandstone. Sandstone is a classic

sedimentary rock with grains of mainly quartz.

Sandstone is also cemented together with silica, calcite, or iron oxides.

Hollow and Nutting Stone

The stone tool specimens above are a hollow

and a nutting stone. The two pieces are used in

unison to squeeze together crushing the shell of the

nut. Same principle as a walnut nut cracker tool

Larger Pottery Fragment

The pottery shard in the portrait above is of a

large pottery fragment. This certain large pottery

shard fragment has some debris attached to it which

are made of clays and fused in.

Petrified Rim Pottery

Fragment

The Pottery specimen in the picture above is of

a petrified rim pottery fragment. This particular piece

has mineralized beginning to turn into petrified pottery.

Plain Pottery Fragment

The pottery shard specimen in the picture above

is of a plain pottery fragment. This certain shard

of pottery is thicker than the others and has some

discolorations to it as well.

Pottery Handle

The pottery specimen in the photograph above is

of a pottery handle. This particular pottery handle

came from a pottery vessel or some faunal dinner ware.

Pyroclastic Fragment

The stone tool in the picture above is a pyroclastic rock fragment.

Pyroclastic rock fragments come from volcanic material.

This particular pyroclastic rock fragment came from a shield

volcano located on Joe's hill located in the Agua Fria Canyon.

Pyroclastic Surge Deposit

The stone tool specimen in the photograph above is of a

pyroclastic surge deposit that most likely came from the

initial eruption shield volcano on Joe's hill as well.

Red Dyed Shards

(Cochinia Ink)

The pottery shard fragments in the picture above

are red dyed shards. The red die comes from Cochinia

Ink which is made from the Cochinia plant.

Rim Pottery Fragment

The pottery specimen in the photograph above is

a rim pottery shard fragment. The rim on this

pottery shard appears to be curved only slightly

indicating that the pottery was relatively large.

Scoria

The mineral in the picture above is a specimen of scoria.

Scoria can come in mafic or intermediate colors and

scoria is also made up of volcanic breccia and tuff.

Shell-Tempered

Pottery Fragment

The pottery shard specimen in the picture above

is a shell-tempered pottery fragment. This particular

pottery shard has some discolorations which may

be artwork or scorch marks.

Shell-Tempered Pottery

with Incised Lines

The pottery specimen in the photograph previously

is a shell-tempered pottery shard with incised lines.

The pottery shard is also discolored from being

heat tempered when prepared in the kiln.

Small Pottery Fragments

The small pottery fragments in the photograph

above vary in different colors and sizes.

Small Pottery Shard

The pottery shard in the picture above is an

intermediately tan pottery shard. This particular

pottery shard is discolored from being heat

tempered when cooked in the kiln.

Below is a link to "Mysterious Mineral Collection" subpage 12