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Anvils
The stone tool specimens in the photograph
above is of two separate anvils. Anvils are
used as work tables for support with wood working
and stone tool working. These particular anvils are
very small and can be held in the palm of your hand.
Chert on a
Sedimentary Rock
The stone mineral specimen in the picture
above is of chert on a sedimentary rock. Chert
is a chemical sedimentary rock which is made
of fine grained quartz which breaks on curved
surfaces, can be considered jasper, flint, or agate.
Drill Bit
The stone tool specimen in the picture above is
of a drill bit. Drill bit are used to poke and drill
holes through animal hides and wood workings.
Drill bits can also be used for writing on bone or
wood workings.
Emery Rock
The stone mineral in the portrait above is emery
rock. Emery rock is the mineral used to make
emery boards. This stone tool would have been great
for filing the finger and tow nails as probably done
by the Hohokam Indians.
Even Biface
The stone tool in the picture above is an even biface.
Bifaces are stone tools which are worked on both
sides of the flake tool. The even biface has even
sides which are square. Their are many different
shapes of bifaces. This particular biface has a
blunt and flat tip or end to it.
Gray Sandstone
The mineral specimen in the picture above
is gray sandstone. Sandstone is a classic
sedimentary rock with grains of mainly quartz.
Sandstone is also cemented together with silica, calcite, or iron oxides.
Hollow and Nutting Stone
The stone tool specimens above are a hollow
and a nutting stone. The two pieces are used in
unison to squeeze together crushing the shell of the
nut. Same principle as a walnut nut cracker tool
Larger Pottery Fragment
The pottery shard in the portrait above is of a
large pottery fragment. This certain large pottery
shard fragment has some debris attached to it which
are made of clays and fused in.
Petrified Rim Pottery
Fragment
The Pottery specimen in the picture above is of
a petrified rim pottery fragment. This particular piece
has mineralized beginning to turn into petrified pottery.
Plain Pottery Fragment
The pottery shard specimen in the picture above
is of a plain pottery fragment. This certain shard
of pottery is thicker than the others and has some
discolorations to it as well.
Pottery Handle
The pottery specimen in the photograph above is
of a pottery handle. This particular pottery handle
came from a pottery vessel or some faunal dinner ware.
Pyroclastic Fragment
The stone tool in the picture above is a pyroclastic rock fragment.
Pyroclastic rock fragments come from volcanic material.
This particular pyroclastic rock fragment came from a shield
volcano located on Joe's hill located in the Agua Fria Canyon.
Pyroclastic Surge Deposit
The stone tool specimen in the photograph above is of a
pyroclastic surge deposit that most likely came from the
initial eruption shield volcano on Joe's hill as well.
Red Dyed Shards
(Cochinia Ink)
The pottery shard fragments in the picture above
are red dyed shards. The red die comes from Cochinia
Ink which is made from the Cochinia plant.
Rim Pottery Fragment
The pottery specimen in the photograph above is
a rim pottery shard fragment. The rim on this
pottery shard appears to be curved only slightly
indicating that the pottery was relatively large.
Scoria
The mineral in the picture above is a specimen of scoria.
Scoria can come in mafic or intermediate colors and
scoria is also made up of volcanic breccia and tuff.
Shell-Tempered
Pottery Fragment
The pottery shard specimen in the picture above
is a shell-tempered pottery fragment. This particular
pottery shard has some discolorations which may
be artwork or scorch marks.
Shell-Tempered Pottery
with Incised Lines
The pottery specimen in the photograph previously
is a shell-tempered pottery shard with incised lines.
The pottery shard is also discolored from being
heat tempered when prepared in the kiln.
Small Pottery Fragments
The small pottery fragments in the photograph
above vary in different colors and sizes.
Small Pottery Shard
The pottery shard in the picture above is an
intermediately tan pottery shard. This particular
pottery shard is discolored from being heat
tempered when cooked in the kiln.
Below is a link to "Mysterious Mineral Collection" subpage 12
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