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LESSON XXXVI, § 211
dexter, dextra, dextrum,right (dextrous)
sinister, sinistra, sinistrum, left
frūstrā, adv., in vain(frustrate)
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestus, bear, carry on; wear;bellum gerere, to wage war
occupō, occupāre, occupāvī, occupātus, seize, take possession of (occupy)
postulō, postulāre, postulāvī, postulātus, demand (ex-postulate)
recūsō, recūsāre, recūsāvī, recūsātus, refuse
stō, stāre, stetī, status, stand
temptō, temptāre, temptāvī, temptātus, try, tempt, test; attempt
teneō, tenēre, tenuī, ——, keep, hold (tenacious)
The word ubi, which we have used so much in the sense of where in asking a question, has two other uses equally important:
1. ubi = when, as a relative conjunction denoting time; as,
Ubi mōnstrum audīvērunt, fūgērunt, when they heard the monster, they fled
2. ubi = where, as a relative conjunction denoting place; as,
Videō oppidum ubi Galba habitat, I see the town where Galba lives
Ubi is called a relative conjunction because it is equivalent to a relative pronoun. When in the first sentence is equivalent to at the time at which; and in the second, where is equivalent to the place in which.
291
LESSON XXXVII, § 217
neque or nec, conj.,neither, nor, and ... not; neque ... neque,neither ... nor
castellum, -ī, n.,redoubt, fort (castle)
cotīdiē, adv., daily
cessō, cessāre, cessāvī, cessātus, cease, with the infin.
incipiō, incipere, incēpī, inceptus, begin(incipient), with the infin.
oppugnō, oppugnāre, oppugnāvī, oppugnātus, storm, assail
petō, petere, petivi or petiī, petītus, aim at, assail, storm, attack; seek, ask (petition)
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positus, place, put (position);castra pōnere, to pitch camp
possum, posse, potuī, ——, be able, can (potent), with the infin.
vetō, vetāre, vetuī, vetitus, forbid (veto), vith the infin.; opposite of iubeō, command
vincō, vincere, vīcī, victus, conquer (in-vincible)
vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, ——, live, be alive (re-vive)
LESSON XXXIX, § 234
barbarus, -a, -um,strange, foreign, barbarous. As a noun,barbarī, -ōrum, m., plur., savages, barbarians
dux, ducis, m., leader(duke). Cf. the verbdūcō
eques, equitis, m.,horseman, cavalryman(equestrian)
iūdex, iūdicis, m., judge
lapis, lapidis, m., stone(lapidary)
mīles, mīlitis, m.,soldier (militia)
pedes, peditis, m., foot soldier (pedestrian)
pēs, pedis,1 m., foot(pedal)
prīnceps, prīncipis, m.,chief (principal)
rēx, rēgis, m., king(regal)
summus, -a, -um, highest, greatest (summit)
virtūs, virtūtis, f.,manliness, courage(virtue)
1. Observe that e is long in the nom. sing, and short in the other cases.
LESSON XL, § 237
Caesar, -aris, m., Cæsar
captīvus, -ī, m., captive, prisoner
cōnsul, -is, m., consul
frāter, frātris, m.,brother (fraternity)
homō, hominis, m., man, human being
impedīmentum, -ī, n.,hindrance (impediment); plur. impedīmenta, -ōrum, baggage
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imperātor, imperātōris, m., commander in chief, general (emperor)
legiō, legiōnis, f.,legion
māter, mātris, f., mother(maternal)
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m., row, rank (order)
pater, patris, m., father(paternal)
salūs, salūtis, f., safety(salutary)
soror, sorōris, f., sister(sorority)
LESSON XLI, § 239
calamitās, calamitātis, f., loss, disaster, defeat (calamity)
caput, capitis, n., head(capital)
flūmen, flūminis, n.,river (flume)
labor, labōris, m., labor, toil
opus, operis, n., work, task
ōrātor, ōrātōris, m.,orator
rīpa, -ae, f., bank (of a stream)
tempus, temporis, n., time(temporal)
terror, terrōris, m.,terror, fear
victor, victōris, m.,victor
accipiō, accipere, accēpī, acceptus, receive, accept
cōnfirmō, cōnfīrmāre, cōnfīrmāvī, cōnfīrmātus,strengthen, establish, encourage (confirm)
LESSON XLIII, § 245
animal, animālis (-ium1), n., animal
avis, avis (-ium), f.,bird (aviation)
caedēs, caedīs (-ium), f.,slaughter
calcar, calcāris (-ium), n., spur
cīvis, cīvis (-ium), m. and f., citizen (civic)
cliēns, clientis (-ium), m., retainer, dependent(client)
fīnis, fīnis (-ium), m.,end, limit (final); plur., country, territory
hostis, hostis (-ium), m. and f., enemy in war (hostile). Distinguish from inimīcus, which means a personal enemy
ignis, ignis (-ium), m.,fire (ignite)
īnsigne, īnsignis (-ium), n. decoration, badge(ensign)
mare, maris (-ium2), n.,sea (marine)
nāvis, nāvis (-ium), f.,ship (naval);
nāvis longa, man-of-war
turris, turris (-ium), f.,tower (turret)
urbs, urbis (-ium), f.,city (suburb). An urbsis larger than anoppidum.
1. The genitive plural ending -ium is written to mark the i-stems.
2. The genitive plural of mare is not in use.
LESSON XLIV, § 249
arbor, arboris, f., tree(arbor)
collis, collis (-ium), m.,hill
dēns, dentis (-ium), m.,tooth (dentist)
fōns, fontis (-ium), m..fountain, spring; source
iter, itineris, n., march, journey, route(itinerary)
mēnsis, mēnsis (-ium), m.,month
moenia, -ium, n., plur.,walls, fortifications. Cf. mūrus
mōns, montis (-ium), m.,mountain;
summus mōns, top of the mountain
numquam, adv., never
pōns, pontis, m., bridge(pontoon)
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sanguis, sanguinis, m., blood (sanguinary)
summus, -a, -um, highest, greatest (summit)
trāns, prep, with acc.,across (transatlantic)
vīs (vīs), gen. plur.virium, f. strength, force, violence (vim)
LESSON XLV, § 258
ācer, ācris, ācre, sharp, keen, eager (acrid)
brevis, breve, short, brief
difficilis, difficile,difficult
facilis, facile, facile, easy
fortis, forte, brave(fortitude)
gravis, grave, heavy, severe, serious (grave)
omnis, omne, every, all(omnibus)
pār, gen. paris, equal(par)
paucī, -ae, -a, few, only a few (paucity)
secundus, -a, -um, second; favorable, opposite of adversus
signum, -ī, n., signal, sign, standard
vēlōx, gen. vēlōcis, swift(velocity)
conlocō, conlocāre, conlocāvī, conlocātus, arrange, station, place (collocation)
dēmōnstrō, dēmōnstrāre, dēmōnstrāvī, dēmōnstrātus,point out, explain (demonstrate)
mandō, mandāre, mandāvī, mandātus, commit, intrust(mandate)
LESSON XLVI, § 261
adventus, -ūs, m.,approach, arrival(advent)
ante, prep, with acc.,before (ante-date)
cornū, -ūs, n., horn, wingof an army (cornucopia);
ā dextrō cornū, on the right wing;
ā sinistrō cornū, on the left wing
equitātus, -ūs, m.,cavalry
exercitus, -ūs, m., army
impetus, -ūs, m., attack(impetus); impetum facere in, with acc., to make an attack on
lacus, -ūs, dat. and abl. plur. lacubus, m., lake
manus, -ūs, f., hand; band, force (manual)
portus, -ūs, m., harbor(port)
post, prep, with acc.,behind, after (post-mortem)
cremō, cremāre, cremāvī, cremātus, burn (cremate)
exerceō, exercēre, exercuī, exercitus, practice, drill, train (exercise)
LESSON XLVII, § 270
Athēnae, -ārum, f., plur.,Athens
Corinthus, -ī, f., Corinth
domus, -ūs, locative domī, f., house, home (dome). Cf. domicilium
Genāva, -ae, f., Geneva
Pompēii, -ōrum, m., plur.,Pompeii, a city in Campania. See map
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propter, prep. with acc.,on account of, because of
rūs, rūris, in the plur. only nom. and acc. rūra, n., country (rustic)
tergum, tergī, n., back; ā tergō, behind, in the rear
vulnus, vulneris, n.,wound (vulnerable)
committō, committere, commīsī, commissus, intrust, commit; proelium committere, join battle
convocō, convocāre, convocāvī, convocātus, call together, summon (convoke)
timeō, timēre, timuī, ——, fear; be afraid (timid)
vertō, vertere, vertī, versus, turn, change (convert);terga vertere, to turn the backs, hence to retreat
LESSON XLVIII, § 276
aciēs, -ēī, f., line of battle
aestās, aestātis, f.,summer
annus, -ī, m., year(annual)
diēs, diēī, m., day(diary)
fidēs, fideī, no plur., f., faith, trust; promise, word; protection; in fidem venīre, to come under the protection
fluctus, -ūs, m. wave, billow (fluctuate)
hiems, hiemis, f., winter
hōra, -ae, f., hour
lūx, lūcis, f., light(lucid); prīma lux,daybreak
merīdiēs, acc. -em, abl. -ē, no plur., m., midday(meridian)
nox, noctis (-ium), f.,night (nocturnal)
prīmus, -a, -um, first(prime)
rēs, reī, f., thing, matter (real);
rēs gestae, deeds, exploits (lit. things performed); rēs adversae, adversity; rēs secundae, prosperity
spēs, speī, f., hope
LESSON XLIX, § 283
amīcitia, -ae, f.,friendship (amicable)
itaque, conj., and so, therefore, accordingly
littera, -ae, f., a letterof the alphabet;
plur., a letter, an epistle
metus, metūs, m., fear
nihil, indeclinable, n.,nothing (nihilist)
nūntius, nūntī, m.,messenger. Cf. nūntiō
pāx, pācis, f., peace(pacify)
rēgnum, -ī, n., reign, sovereignty, kingdom
supplicum, suppli´cī, n.,punishment;
supplicum sūmere dē, with abl., inflict punishment on;
supplicum dare, suffer punishment. Cf. poena
placeō, placēre, placuī, placitus, be pleasing to, please, with dative. Cf. § 154
sūmō, sūmere, sūmpsī, sūmptus, take up, assume
sustineō, sustinēre, sustinuī, sustentus, sustain
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LESSON L, § 288
corpus, corporis, n., body(corporal)
dēnsus, -a, -um, dense
īdem, e´adem, idem, demonstrative pronoun,the same (identity)
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pronoun, self; even, very
mīrus, -a, -um, wonderful, marvelous (miracle)
ōlim, adv., formerly, once upon a time
pars, partis (-ium), f.,part, region, direction
quoque, adv., also. Standsafter the word which it emphasizes
sōl, sōlis, m., sun(solar)
vērus, -a, -um, true, real(verity)
dēbeō, dēbēre, dēbuī, dēbitus, owe, ought (debt)
ēripiō, ēripere, ēripuī, ēreptus, snatch from
LESSON LI, § 294
hic, haec, hoc, demonstrative pronoun,this (of mine); he, she, it
ille, illa, illud, demonstrative pronounthat (yonder); he, she, it
invīsus, -a, -um, hateful, detested, with dative Cf. § 143
iste, ista, istud, demonstrative pronoun,that (of yours); he, she, it
lībertās, -ātis, f.,liberty
modus, -ī, m., measure; manner, way, mode
nōmen, nōminis, n., name(nominate)
oculus, -ī, m., eye(oculist)
prīstinus, -a, -um,former, old-time(pristine)
pūblicus, -a, -um, public, belonging to the state;rēs pūblica, reī pūblicae, f., the commonwealth, the state, the republic
vestīgium, vestī´gī, n.,footprint, track; trace, vestige
vōx, vōcis, f., voice
LESSON LII, § 298
incolumis, -e, unharmed
nē ... quidem, adv., not even. The emphatic word stands between nē andquidem
nisi, conj., unless, if ... not
paene, adv., almost (pen-insula)
satis, adv., enough, sufficiently(satisfaction)
tantus, -a, -um, so great
vērō, adv., truly, indeed, in fact. As a conj. but, however, usually stands second, never first.
dēcidō, dēcidere, dēcidī, ——, fall down (deciduous)
dēsiliō, dēsilīre, dēsiluī, dēsultus, leap down, dismount
maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsūrus, remain
trādūcō, trādūcere, trādūxī, trāductus, lead across
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LESSON LIII, § 306
aquila, -ae, f., eagle(aquiline)
audāx, gen. audācis, adj.,bold, audacious
celer, celeris, celere,swift, quick (celerity). Cf. vēlōx
explōratōr, -ōris, m.,scout, spy (explorer)
ingēns, gen. ingentis, adj., huge, vast
medius, -a, -um, middle, middle part of (medium)
mēns, mentis (-ium), f.,mind (mental). Cf.animus
opportūnus, -a, -um,opportune
quam, adv., than. With the superlative quam gives the force of as possible, as quam audācissimī virī, men as bold as possible
recens, gen. recentis, adj., recent
tam, adv., so. Always with an adjective or adverb, while ita is generally used with a verb
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītus, ask, inquire, seek (question). Cf. petō
LESSON LIV, § 310
alacer, alacris, alacre,eager, spirited, excited(alacrity)
celeritās, -ātis, f.,speed (celerity)
clāmor, clāmōris, m.,shout, clamor
lēnis, lēne, mild, gentle(lenient)
mulier, muli´eris, f.,woman
multitūdō, multitūdinis, f., multitude
nēmŏ, dat. nēminī, acc.nēminem (gen. nūllīus, abl. nūllō, fromnūllus), no plur., m. and f., no one
nōbilis, nōbile, well known, noble
noctū, adv. (an old abl.),by night (nocturnal)
statim, adv., immediately, at once
subitō, adv., suddenly
tardus, -a, -um, slow(tardy)
cupiō, cupere, cupīvī, cupītus, desire, wish(cupidity)
LESSON LV, § 314
aedificium, aedifi´cī, n.,building, dwelling(edifice)
imperium, impe´rī, n.,command, chief power; empire
mors, mortis (-ium), f.,death (mortal)
reliquus, -a, -um,remaining, rest of. As a noun, m. and n. plur.,the rest (relic)
scelus, sceleris, n.,crime
servitūs, -ūtis, f.,slavery (servitude)
vallēs, vallis (-ium), f.,valley
abdō, abdere, abdidī, abditus, hide
contendō, contendere, contendī, contentus, strain, struggle; hasten (contend)
occīdō, occīdere, occīdī, occīsus, cut down, kill. Cf.necō, interficiō
perterreō, perterrēre, perterruī, perterritus,terrify, frighten
recipiō, recipere, recēpī, receptus, receive, recover;sē recipere, betake one’s self, withdraw, retreat
trādō, trādere, trādidī, trāditus, give over, surrender, deliver (traitor)
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LESSON LVI, § 318
aditus, -ūs, m., approach, access; entrance
cīvitās, cīvitātis, f.,citizenship; body of citizens, state (city)
inter, prep, with acc.,between, among(interstate commerce)
nam, conj., for
obses, obsidis, m. and f.,hostage
paulō, adv. (abl. n. ofpaulus), by a little, somewhat
incolō, incolere, incoluī, ——, transitive, inhabit;intransitive, dwell. Cf.
habitō, vīvō
relinquō, relinquere, relīquī, relictus, leave, abandon (relinquish)
statuō, statuere, statuī, statūtus, fix, decide(statute), usually with infin.
LESSON LVII, § 326
aequus, -a, -um, even, level; equal
cohors, cohortis (-ium), f., cohort, a tenth part of a legion, about 360 men
currō, currere, cucurrī, cursus, run (course)
difficultās, -ātis, f.,difficulty
fossa, -ae, f., ditch(fosse)
gēns, gentis (-ium), f.,race, tribe, nation(Gentile)
negōtium, negōtī, n.,business, affair, matter(negotiate)
regiō, -ōnis, f., region, district
rūmor, rūmōris, m., rumor, report. Cf. fāma
simul atque, conj., as soon as
suscipiō, suscipere, suscēpī, susceptus, undertake
trahō, trahere, trāxī, trāctus, drag, draw (ex-tract)
valeō, valēre, valuī, valitūrus, be strong; plūrimum valēre, to be most powerful, have great influence(value). Cf. validus
LESSON LVIII, § 332
commeātus, -ūs, m..provisions
lātitūdō, -inis, f., width(latitude)
longitūdō, -inis, f.,length (longitude)
magnitūdō, -inis, f.,size, magnitude
mercātor, mercātōris, m.,trader, merchant
mūnītiō, -ōnis, f.,fortification (munition)
spatium, spatī, n., room, space, distance; time
cognōscō, cognōscere, cognōvī, cognitus, learn; in the perfect tenses, know (re-cognize)
cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctus, collect; compel (cogent)
dēfendō, dēfendere, dēfendī, dēfēnsus, defend
298
incendō, incendere, incendī, incēnsus, set fire to, burn (incendiary). Cf. cremō
obtineō, obtinēre, obtinuī, obtentus, possess, occupy, hold (obtain)
perveniō, pervenīre, pervēnī, perventus, come through, arrive
LESSON LIX, § 337
agmen, agminis, n., line of march, column; prīmum agmen, the van;novissimum agmen, the rear
atque, ac, conj., and;atque is used before vowels and consonants,ac before consonants only. Cf. et and -que
concilium, conci´lī, n.,council, assembly
Helvētiī, -ōrum, m., the Helvetii, a Gallic tribe
passus, passūs, m., a pace, five Roman feet;mīlle passuum, a thousand (of) paces, a Roman mile
quā dē causā, for this reason, for what reason
vāllum, -ī, n., earth-works, rampart
cadō, cadere, cecidī, cāsūrus, fall (decadence)
dēdō, dēdere, dēdidī, dēditus, surrender, give up; with a reflexive pronoun, surrender one’s self, submit, with the dative of the indirect object
premō, premere, pressī, pressus, press hard, harass
vexō, vexāre, vexāvī, vexātus, annoy, ravage (vex)
LESSON LX, § 341
aut, conj., or; aut ... aut, either ... or
causā, abl. of causa, for the sake of, because of. Always stands after the gen. which modifies it
ferē, adv., nearly, almost
opīniō, -ōnis, f.,opinion, supposition, expectation
rēs frūmentāria, reī frūmentāriae, f. (lit.the grain affair), grain supply
timor, -ōris, m., fear. Cf. timeō
undique, adv., from all sides
cōnor, cōnārī, cōnātus sum, attempt, try
ēgredior, ēgredī, ēgressus sum, move out, disembark;prōgredior, move forward, advance (egress, progress)
moror, morārī, morātus sum, delay
orior, orirī, ortus sum, arise, spring; begin; be born(from) (origin)
proficīscor, proficīscī, profectus sum, set out
revertor, revertī, reversus sum, return (revert). The forms of this verb are usually active, and not deponent, in the perfect system. Perf. act., revertī
sequor, sequī, secūtus sum, follow (sequence). Note the following compounds of sequor and the force of the different prefixes: cōnsequor (follow with),overtake; īnsequor (follow against), pursue;subsequor (follow under), follow close after
EQUES ROMANUS
332
ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY
This vocabulary contains only the words used in the English-Latin exercises. For details not given here, reference may be made to the Latin-English vocabulary. The figures 1, 2, 3, 4, after verbs indicate the conjugation.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
344
INDEX
INDEX
The numbers in all cases refer to sections.
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