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セルフアーカイブの他に論文をOA化する主な手段として、読者が購読料を支払うことなく読むことのできるオープンアクセス誌（OA誌）に論文を投稿・掲載するOA出版があり、ゴールドOAと呼ばれます。ジャーナルに掲載された出版社版（参照【実践編】2.2セルフアーカイブ時の注意点①出版社ポリシー）により、掲載時点で即時にOA化できる点が利点です。
OA誌では読者が購読料を支払わない代わりに、著者がAPCと呼ばれる掲載料を支払うことで出版費用を負担する方法が現在では主流ですが、近年では新たな形のOA誌も登場しています。
フルOA誌とハイブリッドOA誌
掲載される全ての論文がOA出版されるジャーナルを、フルOA誌と呼びます。一方で、購読誌への論文投稿時（あるいは論文受理時）にOAオプションを選択し、APCを支払うことで、論文単位でOAにできるジャーナルもあり、ハイブリッドOA誌と呼んで区別されます。ハイブリッドOA誌には、OA論文と購読者のみアクセス可能な非OA論文が混在することになります。
APC支援
APCの価格はジャーナルによって異なりますが、ハイブリッドOA誌の方が高額な場合が多く、主要出版社における2024年時点での最高価格は12,290ドルにもなります。さらに、APCは年々値上がり傾向にあり、世界全体でのAPC支出も増加しつつあります（参照【解説編】2.1 APC支出額増加）。
こうした状況を受けて、研究助成機関や大学がAPCの支払いを支援する動きが増えてきました。東京大学でも、電子ジャーナルの購読契約に伴うAPCの免除・割引支援を附属図書館が実施しています（参照【実践編】3.2 東京大学のAPC支援） 。
OA誌の新しい動き
APCによって出版費用を負担するOA誌の他に、近年では新たな形態のOA誌も登場しています。出版にかかるコストを購読料にもAPCにも依存せず、学会や図書館等のコミュニティで負担するダイヤモンドOAや、従来の図書館からの購読料をベースに、その収入が一定の基準額を超えた場合に掲載論文がOA化されるSubscribe to Open（S2O）があります（参照【解説編】2.5 ダイヤモンドOA、2.4 Subscribe to Open（S2O））。こうした動きは、ジャーナルの出版費用を学術コミュニティがどのように支えていくかを模索する過程であるとも言えます。
3.1 What is OA publishing?
3.1 What is OA publishing?
The main means of providing open access to an article aside from self-archiving is OA publication, or Gold OA, which is when an article is submitted to and published in an OA journal which enables readers to read articles free of charge. The advantage of OA publishing is that open access is provided to the Version of Record published in a journal immediately on publication (see 2.2. Important points when self-archiving: (1) Publisher policies). The standard practice at present is that rather than the reader paying a subscription fee to the OA journal, the author covers the costs of publishing by paying an APC (see above), but new types of OA journals have also emerged in recent years.
Full and hybrid OA journals
Journals that publish OA versions of all their articles are called full OA journals. Other subscription-based journals allow authors to provide OA access to individual articles by paying an APC at the time of article submission (or acceptance). These are called hybrid OA journals to distinguish them from their full OA counterparts. Hybrid OA journals contain a mixture of OA articles and non-OA, subscriber-only articles.
APC support
APC rates vary according to the journal, but are often higher for hybrid OA journals. The highest APC levied by a major publisher in 2024 in fact reached US$12,290. APCs continue to climb, with APC spending increasing around the world.
Given this trend, more research funding agencies and universities are moving to help with APC payments. The UTokyo libraries provide exemption and discount support for APCs in association with our subscription agreements with e-journals (see 3.2 UTokyo APC support).
New directions for OA journals
In addition to OA journals that use APCs to cover their publishing costs, new types of OA journals have also appeared in recent years. Diamond OA, for example, covers publishing costs not through subscriptions or APCs but by passing them on to the community (academic societies and libraries, etc.). S2O (Subscribe to Open) is a model that some publishers are using to move their journals to open access for a particular year when they receive enough library subscriptions. These moves could also be described as the process of exploring how the academic community will support journal publishing costs in the years ahead.
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