Born Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino between March 28 - April 6, 1483, in Urbino, Duchy of Urbino.
His father, who died when Raphael was 11 years old, was the court painter for the Duke of Urbino. After his death, Raphael took over the family business and was considered a master painter by the age of 17. By the time he was 25, Raphael was working for the Catholic Church, and had a team of fifty people helping him with his projects.
Often worked for the Pope and the Catholic Church, his most famous projects were painting the walls of the Apostolic Palace from 1509 - 1511, created tapestries for the wall of the Sistine Chapel, and a painting a portrait of Pope Julius II.
Died on April 6, 1520, at the age of 37, in Rome, Papal States (now Rome, Italy).
At the same time the Michelangelo was painting the Sistine Chapel, Raphael was about a two minute walk away painting The School of Athens in the Apostolic Palace, located in the Vatican. One of four painted walls in the Pope's private study, this fresco depicts the Greek philosophers Plato and Aristotle, along with other ancient scholars. Raphael filled the image with lots of hints as to who each person is meant to be, and he even snuck in a portrait of Michelangelo and a self-portrait. Similar to the painting style of the Sistine Chapel, Raphael used color pigments applied to wet plaster to create the image.