Artificial Intelligence

How is AI used today?

AI, or artificial intelligence, refers to the development of computer systems that can perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and decision-making. AI systems use algorithms and machine learning models to analyze data, recognize patterns, and make predictions or decisions based on the data.   Data science provides the tools and techniques to extract insights from data and to build machine learning models, which are the foundation for developing AI systems. 

• Slide show - How is AI used today?

• Slide show - AI in Science Education

(1) AI - LLM - Large Language Models

• ChatGPT is a large language model developed by OpenAI. ChatGPT stands for "Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer". "Chat" refers to its ability to engage in conversation with users, "Generative" indicates its capability to generate new text based on its training, "Pre-trained" means that it has been trained on large amounts of data before use, and "Transformer" refers to the specific neural network architecture that it employs.  How GPT works

• Gemini - Bard is an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot that can help users with a variety of tasks. Google has integrated Bard with some of its other products, including: Gmail, YouTube, Google Docs, Google Drive, Google Flights.  Google Bard is a large language model (LLM) developed by Google AI. LLMs are a type of AI that can generate and understand human language. 

• CoPilot - CoPilot is an AI language model developed by OpenAI. Its primary purpose is to assist developers during software development tasks. CoPilot can generate code snippets, provide explanations, and offer suggestions within integrated development environments (IDEs) or code editors. It leverages a wide range of programming knowledge and aims to enhance productivity for programmers. 

(2) AI - Image analysis

• iNaturalist: Leverages a massive community-labeled dataset and deep learning to identify over 10,000 species. Available as an app and online platform. Norm's collection | map | species identified. 

• Image Analysis (Chat GPT) - sample images  - Analyze this image

• Analysis within your photo album - search for photos, facial recognition, plant ID, Google Lens

  1. 1. Apple Photos:

     2. Google Photos: Milky Way | Telescopes  |  Telescope Mount Wilson

• Text extraction - Copilot- sample image

(4) AI - Text Editing

• QuillBot: Text generation & paraphrasing

  • •  Sample doc - photosynthesis

• Grammarly -  Grammarly uses artificial intelligence (AI) in various ways to help users improve their writing. The primary goal of Grammarly is to assist with grammar, spelling, punctuation, and style checks, making written content more clear, concise, and error-free. Here's how Grammarly utilizes AI in its platform:

  • • Chapter 5 - Scientific Methods - Sourcebook for Teaching Science

    • Contextual Suggestions: Grammarly's AI algorithms analyze the context of the text, considering the sentence structure, the surrounding words, and the overall content. This contextual analysis allows Grammarly to make more accurate and context-specific suggestions, such as suggesting the correct word or phrase to use based on the context of the sentence.

    • Grammar and Spelling Correction: Grammarly's AI engine detects and corrects grammatical errors, such as subject-verb agreement, verb tense consistency, and common spelling mistakes. It not only identifies errors but also provides explanations and recommendations for corrections.

    • Style and Clarity: Grammarly evaluates the style and clarity of the writing. It can suggest changes to improve sentence structure, readability, and overall writing style. For example, it can identify instances of wordiness, passive voice, or overly complex sentences and suggest improvements.

    • Vocabulary Enhancement: Grammarly offers vocabulary enhancement suggestions to help users choose more suitable and varied words for their content. This helps users avoid repetition and create more engaging and expressive writing.

    • Tone and Engagement: Grammarly's AI can analyze the tone of the text and provide suggestions to make the content more engaging or maintain a specific tone, whether it's formal, casual, academic, or professional.

    • Plagiarism Detection: Grammarly offers a plagiarism checker that can identify instances of content duplication from various online sources. It helps writers ensure the originality of their work.

EssayBot - EssayAILab 

• Write an essay on coral bleaching

(5) AI - Virtual Assistants

• Siri (Apple):Phones, iPads, Macs, Apple Watch, and HomePod. Key functions include voice commands for tasks, getting information, and limited smart home control.

• Alexa (Amazon): -Echo devices- Key functions include voice commands, extensive smart home control, and a wide range of third-party Alexa Skills.

• Google Assistant: Android devices, Google Nest products, and various smart speakers. Key functions include voice commands, web searches, and providing information from the web.

• Cortana (Microsoft): Windows computers and available on some third-party devices. Key functions include voice commands, productivity features, and access to Microsoft services.

• Bixby (Samsung): Samsung smartphones and some Samsung appliances. Key functions include voice commands, controlling Samsung devices, and providing information.

Examples of how to use AI in Teaching

• Create a copy of the following document (with comments) 

Detecting ChatBot-authored material

GPTZero - AI detector

• Chapter 5 - Scientific Methods - Sourcebook for Teaching Science - written by Norm Herr

• James Webb Space Telescope - Written by ChatGPT