Telangana-History-Districtwise

8 districts formed out of the old Mahabubnagar and Ranga Reddy districts in the southwest corner of the state. Two smaller districts are now called Mahabubnagar and Ranga Reddy, both of which overlap the parent states – part of new Mahabubnagar has been carved out of old Ranga Reddy, and vice versa.

https://medak.telangana.gov.in/history/ BRIEF HISTORY OF THE MEDAK DISTRICT

The district derived its name from Medak, the then headquarters town of taluk of the same name. Medak was originally known as Methukudurgam which subsequently changed into Methuku due to the growth of fine and coarse rice in this area. Medak district became part of the Kakatiya Kingdom to the Bahmani Kingdom and later the Golconda Kingdom. Finally, on the fall of the Qutubshahi dynasty, it was annexed to the Mughal Empire. During the formation of Hyderabad State by Asif Jahi, this district was detached and included in the Nizam’s Dominions. It finally became a part of Andhra Pradesh with effect from 1st November 1956 under the scheme of Re-organisation of States.

The early history of Medak district is not very clear. Its political history, however, commences with the advent of the Mouryas who extended their sway to the south during the reign of Asoka.

After the Mouryas, the Satavahanas gained prominence over the Deccan of which, Medak district formed a part. Several coins of the Satavahana rulers like Goutamiputra Satakarni, Vasishtiputra Pulumavi, Siv Sri, Yagna Sri Satakarni, etc., were unearthed during excavations at Kondapur village of Medak district. These archeological discoveries indicate the existence of a buried city of vast dimensions with a number of Chaityas, Viharas, Stupas and Monasteries.

After the Satavahanas, the district passed under the sway of the Mahisha dynasty. Though as many as eighteen rulers ruled this district for a period of 383 years, only two rulers Mana and Yasa proved to be powerful. Mana broke the domination of the Satavahanas, assumed the title of ‘Rajan’ and reigned the kingdom to its splendor. He enjoyed the privilege of striking his own coins. One of his lead coins exhibited the characteristics of the coins belonging to the close of 2nd or beginning of the 3rd century. The rule of this dynasty came to an end with the rise of Chalukyas of Badami, who later on lost to the Rashtrakutas. After the Rashtrakutas, Medak District passed into the hands of Western Chalukyas of Kalyani dynasty, whose rule lasted from 973 to 1200 A.D. Famous rulers like Ahavamalla Taila-II, Somesvara-I, Somesvara-II, Vikramaditya-VI and Trailokyamalla Taila-III belonged to this dynasty. The inscription of Koraprolu pertaining to the rule of Taila-II, throws light on his feudatory. Mahamandaleswara Soma Permadi’s rule in this district. The inscriptions at Kohir, Chintalaghat, Alladurgam and Patancheru belonging to Somesvara-II and Vikramaditya-VI register gifts to Jinalayas by their subordinates.

The next dynasty which held sway over this district was the Kakatiya dynasty which included well-known rulers like Prola-II, Ganapati, Rudramba and Prataparudra.

Kakatiya emperor Prataparudra built Medak fort on a hillock around 12th century, it was called the Methukudurgam (and Methukuseema), from the Telugu word Methuku – meaning cooked rich grain. This fort provided as a vantage point for the Kakatiyan rulers in ancient India. The main entrance proudly displays the double-headed bird “Gandabherundam” of the Kakatiyas. The Medak fort stands as an epitome of architectural excellence of the Kakatiya Empire.

Gaja Dwaram.

During the reign of Muhammad-I, the son of Alla-ud-din Bahman Shah, the Recherla Chief Anapota Nayaka of Rachakonda defeated and killed Kapaya Nayaka and captured Warangal which included a major portion of Medak district. On account of the cordial relations between the Bahmanis and the Recherlas, Muhammad-I did not invade Warangal. Feroz Shah ascended the Bahmani throne and attempted to extend his sway to the east coast at the expense of the Recherlas. This provoked the Recherlas and war broke out between Feroz Shah and Anapota-II. Anapota-II attacked the Bahmani possessions in Telangana and acquired Medak. But the Recherlas was ultimately overthrown and their territory was annexed to the Bahmani Kingdom. Medak continued to be under the Bahmani’s till the break up of their kingdom into five States namely, Bijapur, Ahmadnagar, Berar, Bidar and Golconda. After the fall of Bahmani dynasty, the Barid Shahi dynasty came into power.

Amir Barid, who assumed sole charge of the affairs of the Bahmani kingdom, after the fall of Bahmani dynasty, had many vicissitudes and constant wars with the rulers of Bijapur and Berar. After his death in 1538A.D., he was succeeded by his son Ali Barid, who was the first to assume the title of `Shah’. Ali Barid, with the support of other Deccan Kings, attacked the King of Vijayanagar in the famous battle of Tallikota, in which, the Vijayanagar ruler was defeated. Ali Barid died in 1582. Prola-II with his military skill, made the feudal fief he inherited, into a sovereign state which emerged into a powerful empire, embracing the whole of the Telugu speaking territory. During the reign of Prataparudra, the army led by Malik Kafur under the command of Ala-ud-din Khilji, while on its way to Warangal, captured this district. These invasions, however, ended with the overthrow of Prataparudra and the annexation of his Kingdom to the Delhi Sultanate.

After the fall of the Kakatiya empire, Muhammadbin-Tuglaq, the Sultan of Delhi, divided the Deccan and South India into five provinces and appointed Governors to administer them. Shihab-i-Sultani, entitled Nuzrat Khan was thus appointed Governor of Telangana, which included Medak District. Rebellions cropped up everywhere following the imposition of tribute which gave rise to the Bahmani dynasty. Many such revolts jolted Tughlaq’s rule. These revolts led to the establishment of independent principalities by the Musunuri Chiefs of Warangal and Recharlas of Rachakonda (Nalgonda District).

An important event relevant to this district was the rebellion of Qir-Khan, a subordinate of Ala-ud-din Bahman Shah. The Sultan despatched a vast army to curtail this revolt. Qir-Khan who was then at Kohir of this district was confident of victory. However, his army was routed by the royal forces under Sikander Khan. Qir Khan was arrested and later executed and he was succeeded by three other kings after which, Qutub Shahi dynasty came into power. Sultan Kuli, a Turk of a noble family, who was the Governor of the Golconda province under the Bahmanis took advantage of the distracted state of the kingdom under Muhammad Shah of Barid Shahi Dyansty and declared his independence, establishing the Qutub Shahi dynasty which reigned from 1512 to 1687A.D. Thereafter this Kingdom was annexed to the Mughal Empire, by Aurangazeb.

During Aurangazeb’s reign, the Marathas became very active, which proved to be a threat to Aurangazeb. Therefore, he sent troops to establish his supremacy over Medak.

Later, the Marathas organized a rebellion to overthrow Nizam-ul-Mulk, the Viceroy of the Deccan. Nizam-ul-Mulk sent his bodyguard under the command of his elder son Ghaziud-Din Khan with Muhammad Ghiyas Khan and Mirza Beg Khan Bakshi as his guardians. This shook the Marathas, who fled and hid themselves in the dense forests of the tract. This Victory was celebrated by Nizam-ul-Mulk in a grand manner.

In 1715A.D., Nizam-ul-Mulk was replaced by Husain Ali Khan, as the Viceroy of the Deccan. Nizam-ul-Mulk, who was unceremoniously removed, however, nurtured the desire of reoccupying the Deccan. Therefore in 1720 A.D. , he proceeded against the Deccan and in a fierce battle that ensured near Balapur in Berar, Alam Ali Khan, the Deputy of Husain Ali Khan was killed. This victory established the supremacy of Nizam-ul-Mulk in the whole of the Deccan. Again in 1724 A.D. Nizam-ul-Mulk had to fight a battle at shakar Khere against Mubariz Khan. This battle established the independence of Nizam-ul-Mulk (Asaf jahi) who annexed Berar and fixed his residence at Hyderabad and established his dominions. Medak district along with the rest of the Telangana came under the control of Asaf Jahi dynasty. After Nizam-ul-Mulk, Nasir Jung, Mazaffar Jung and Salabat Jung ruled for short periods. Ali Jah rose in revolt against his father Nizam Ali Khan, the second Asaf Jah, with the help of Sadasiva Reddy the Medak Jagirdar. Nizam Ali Khan despatched Raymond, a french Commander to proceed against the rebels and subdue them. The Nizam’s army came and pitched their tents at the village of `Chickrin’ and Sadasiva Reddy also went to that place at the head of an army not to fight but to offer his submission. He was, however, suspected and captured while attending the durbar., In the meanwhile, Ali Jah died and Medak was granted to Raymond. Though there was a protest by the British against this grant, no attention was paid to this protest and Raymond took possession of Medak and other areas held by Sadasiva Reddy and he had to pay sixteen lakhs of rupees annually as rent for these areas. This arrangement continued until the death of Raymond in 1798.

Nizam Ali Khan died in 1803. He was succeeded by Sikander Jah, Nasir-ud-doula, Afsal-ud-doula, and Mir Mehbub Ali Khan (7th Asif Jah) during whose time India got independence.

The Nizam’s dominions became a part of Indian union in 1948 as Part-B State and in 1956 during the re-organization of States, the Hyderabad State was trifurcated the nine pre-dominantly Telugu speaking districts of Mahbubnagar, Hyderabad, Medak, Nizamabad, Adilabad, Karimnagar, Warangal, Khammam and Nalgonda known as Telangana region were transferred to Andhra Pradesh. Major portions of predominantly Kannada speaking districts of Raichur, Gulbarga and Bidar were transferred to Karnataka State While Maratwada comprising the five districts of Aurangabad, Osmanabad, Bhir, Parbhani, Nanded and a portion of Bidar which is predominantly Marathi speaking was transferred to Maharashtra State. These changes were effected on 1st November 1956.

Medak District is bifurcated from Erstwhile Medak District, Headquarters at Sangareddy. According to G.O.M.S 239; Dt: 11-10-2016 by Government of Telangana. It is surrounded by Kamareddy, Siddipet and Sangareddy districts.

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https://siddipet.telangana.gov.in/history/ సిద్ధిపేట District History

Siddipet, a town in the Siddipet District, is renowned for its ancient religious attractions like temples, mosques and churches as well as historical monuments like Lal Kaman and Burj. The Yerra Cheruvu and Komati Cheruvu, tributaries of the Manjira River, flow through the region.

Siddipet district is carved out of erstwhile Medak district with annexation of some parts of Karimnagar and Warangal districts. The district shares boundaries with Karimnagar, Sircilla, Medak, Medchal, Hanamkonda, Yadadri, Kamareddy, Jangoan districts.

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https://sangareddy.telangana.gov.in/history/ History Sangareddy (former: Sangareddy peta) is the district headquarters of Sangareddy district in the Indian state of Telangana. It was named after the ruler Sanga, who was the son of Rani Shankaramba, ruler of Medak during the period of Nizams. Sangareddy District is bifurcated from Medak district according to G.O.M.S 239; Dt: 11-10-2016 by Government of Telangana.

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BRIEF HISTORY OF THE MAHBUBNAGAR DISTRICT https://mahabubnagar.telangana.gov.in/ Mahabubnagar is the largest district in Telangana State in terms of area

Telangana forms the core of the Satavahana Dynasty (221BC-218 AD), Part of Chalukyan Dynasty in South India (between 5th and 11th century AD) and in the recent history, it formed the core of the Golconda State and Hyderabad State, ruled by Qutub Shahi Dynasty (1520-1687) and Dynasty (Asaf Jahi Dynasty) (1724-1948) until it was taken over by New Delhi in 1948. This region became independent and joined in the democratic India on 18th September 1948. Telangana constitutes 10 districts: Adilabad, Karimnagar, Nizamabad, Medak, Warangal, Khammam, Hyderabad, Rangareddy, Nalgonda, and Mahabubnagar districts.

Mahabubnagar is southern district of Hyderabad state under Nizam and bordered with River Krishna in the south and surrounded by the Nalgonda, Hyderabad, Kurnool, Raichur and Gulbarga districts. Mahabubnagar town is located at a distance of 96-km from Hyderabad.

Mahabub Ali Khan This place was formerly known as “Rukmammapeta” and “Palamooru”. The name was changed to Mahabubnagar on 4th December 1890, in honour of Mir Mahbub Ali Khan Asaf Jah VI, the Nizam of Hyderabad (1869-1911 AD). It has been the headquarters of the district since 1883 AD. The Mahabubnagar region was once known as Cholawadi or the land of the Cholas’. It is said that the famous Golconda diamonds including famous “KOHINOOR” diamond came from Mahabubnagar district.
Geographically Mahaboobnagar district is located on the Southern end of Telangana area. Karnataka state is in the west, Kurnool district is in the south, Nalgonda District is in the east and Rangareddy district is in the North sides. The two famous rivers Krishna and Tungabhadra enters in this district.

The Krishna river enters in the A.P through this district at Tangidi village of Maganoor Mandal by merging the Bhima river which is the Tribute to Krishna and 2 major projects were constructed on this river at Jurala and Srisailam.

The river Tungabhadra flows from this district and merges with Krishna in this district at Sangameswaram near the historical town Alampur. We can find the Ancient Historical rivers in this district on the river banks and other places.

We can find Old Stone Age and New Stone Age sites at Pedda Maroor of Kollapur mandal and many more places on the Krishna river bank.

Mahaboobnagar district is famous for Megalithic Burial Sites and there are more than 200 sites of Megalithic Period and these are available in the various areas of Mahaboobnagar District Ex: Amrabad, Nadimpalem, Mudumal, Pedda Maroor, Panjugal, Venkatraopet, Kalakonda, Urukondapet and many more areas in this district.

Three types of Burials we can find in this district. They are (1) Sisth (2) Dolmen (3) Menher. Hundreds of burials we can find in each and every site like Urkonda of Midgil Mandal & Mudunal of Maganoor Mandal and Kala konda of Madgul Mandal and many more sites.

By the 6th Century B.C. Palamoor area was under Republican Kingdom. Later Nandas, Mouryas, Sathavahanas, Ikshwakas, Vishnukundinas, Badami Chalukyas, Kanduri Chodas, Kakatiyas, Yadavas of Devagiri, Cheruku kings, Vavilala kings, Munusuri Dyanasty, Bahamani Sultans, Vijayanagara Kings, Recharla Padmanayakas, Kutubshahis, Mughals and Nizam of Hyderabad ruled this area as the part of their Kingdom.

Asoka’s Kingdom – This region was southernmost land in the Asoka’s Empire in 250 BC (See the maps).
Satavahana Dynasty (221BC-218 AD)
Chalukyan Dynasty in South India (between 5th and 11th century AD)
Rashtrakutas Dynasty – Ruled for a brief period in 9th Century
Kakatiya Dynasty (1100-1474 AD)
Bahamanis Dynasty (1347 – 1518)
Qutub Shahi Dynasty (1518-1687)
Moghul Rule – Aurangazeb, the Mughal emperor, invaded Golconda in A.D.1687 and annexed it to the Mughal empire. Since then, Golconda became part of the Deccan Subha and a Nizam was appointed as an agent of the Mughal emperor. Thus, for about a period of 35 years it was ruled by the Moghuls, the last one being Mubariz Khan.

Osman Ali Khan, Asaf Jahi VII Nizam Dynasty (Asif Jahi Dynasty) (1724-1948) – This dynasty acquired enormous wealth and lived most extravagant and lavish life for that time. Nizam VII was the richest man on the earth in his time. He ruled in favour of British by making it easier for them to take lead over India. The Nizams retained internal power over Hyderabad State(which includes Mahabubnagar) until September 17,1948, when Hyderabad was integrated into the new Indian Union.

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4.1 Mahbubnagar district History – Samsthans: https://mahabubnagar.telangana.gov.in/history/samsthans/

The origin of the Rajas of Hindu Samsthans in the Nizam’s Dominion goes back to the time of the ancient Hindu Kingdom of Warangal. They were mostly Zamindars and military chiefs who established their authority over the surrounding territories. They were known as Paligars and their territories, Palayams. There were about sixteen Samsthans, which survived till Independence. Some of the important Samsthans in this region were Wanaparthi, Gadwal, Jetprole, Amarchinta, Palvancha, Gopalpet, Gurugunta, Kollapur and Anagundi. The Rajas of the Samsthans were progressive and managed the administration well.

The Gadwal Samsthans:

This is situated between the rivers Tungabhadra and Krishna over an area of about 800 sq. miles. After the fall of the Warangal Andhra dynasty in the 14th century, Gadwal transferred its allegiance to the new Bahmani kingdom. According to the family history, Pedda Veera Reddy, Peddanna Bhupaludu, Sarga Reddy, Veera Reddy and Kumara Veera Reddy ruled Gadwal between 1553 and 1704.

During the reign of Nizam Ali Khan Asaf Jah II, the Martha’s gained power in certain parts of the Deccan and started collecting ‘chouth’ or 25% of the revenue known, as ‘Do-Amli’ are the double government of the Nizam. Raja Sitaram Bhupal died in 1840 and was succeeded by his adopted son, Raja Sitaram Bhupal II. Nizam VII bestowed on him the title of “Maharaja” and he died in 1924 and was survived by his widow and two daughters.

Wanaparthy Samsthans:

This is situated in Mahaboobnagar district with an area of about 640 sq.miles. The Rajas of the Samsthans were closely associated with the Qtub Shahi kings. The early Rajas of Wanaparthy kept on army of 2000 infantry and 2000 cavalry. On 17th March 1843, the title of “Balwant” was conferred on Raja Rameshwar Rao as a mark of honour by Sikander Jah. For administrative purposes the Samsthan was divided into two taluqs namely “sugar” and “Kesampet” under to Tahsildars. The “Maharaja” died on 22nd November 1922. He was survived by two sons, Krishna Dev Rao and Ram Dev Rao. This family also represented in the Indian government after Independence.

The Samsthan of Jetprol:

It was one of the most ancient and historic Samsthans in the dominion. It is said that Pillalamarri Bethala Reddy was the founder of not only the Jetprole family but also the families of the rajas of Bobbili in Ganjam District, Pittapore (now Pittapuram in Godavari District, Malleswaram in Krishna District and Venkatagiri in Nellore District. The young Raja was given the ruling power by the Nizam when he ascended the ‘Gaddi’ he dropped his name of Navanita Krishna Yachandra and adopted that of Raja Venkat Laxman Rao Bahadur. The Raja died in 1929 leaving two daughters and his Rani.

The Amarchinta Samsthan:

The Amarchinta Samsthan had an area of about 190 sq. miles in Mahabubnagar District. One of the descendants of the family, Raja Sriram Bhupal, died and was survived by his wife. She was accepted as the lawful successor to the Samsthan. Amarchinta Samsthan was noted for fine muslin.

Kollapur Samsthan:

Kollapur Samsthan with a large area spanning most of the Nallamala Forest Area on the banks of river Krishna. There are traces of architectural tressures from 2nd century B.C. in this Samsthan. Still one can see hundreds of ancient temples, which were built before 1500 years ago. Kollapur Samsthan played a considerable role in Nizam’s era.

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4.2 Mahbubnagar district: History of District-Dynasties https://mahabubnagar.telangana.gov.in/history/dynasties/

It is very hard to understand the history of Palamoor as this region was always neglected by the rulers. And for most of the time, this region was ruled by very small regional rulers, Samasthans, Jamindars, Doras or land lords. More over, majority of Palamoor people always lived in poverty and slavery and Recording of History was never a priority. Nobody knows about their history nor do they want to know it. Even today the people of this region struggle all their life for basic needs.

Palamoor district belongs to “Asmaka” Janapada, which belongs to 6th century BC. According to Mahabharatha “Ashmaka” Janapada belongs to “Dakshinapatham” (Southern Part). Its capital was “POUDANYANAGARA” and later it is known as “Mulikinadu”. According to Mahabharata Agastya Maharshi passed to Dakshinapatha and established a shiva temple known as “Agastheeswara Temple” on the banks of river Krishna (near to Kollapur).

Asoka’s Kingdom :

Emperor Ashoka

Great Emperor Ashoka (304-232 B.C.)

This region was southernmost land in the Asoka’s Empire in 250 BC. We find many inscriptions of Asoka near by Palamoor ,”Maski” of Raichur district of Karnataka, Erragudi of Kurnool District.

Satavahana Dynasty (221BC-218 AD)

Sathavahanas are the first Telugu rulers who ruled the south India for more than 400 years. Origin of this dynasty was from Kotilingala of Karimnagar District. According to the Prof. M. Radha Krishna Sharma garu the Prominent Historian, the village “SATANAKOTA” near Alampur was the base of the name of Shathavahana. Coins and inscriptions are found here but now it was submerged in the backwater of Srisailam Reservoir.

Vishnukundin Dynasty(358-500 AD)

The founder of the Vishnukundin Dynasty Raja Maha Rajendra Varma belongs to Amrabad of Palamoor District. According to the Inscriptions of Indrapalanagara, Amrabad was the capital of the Mandalika Rajya. Later, Mahadeva Verma-I conquered the Kollapur area and spread the Vishnukundin Kingdom. According to B.N. Sastry Epigraphist the Vishnukundin were belongs to Palamoor Distrtict. The king Maha Verma-IV conducted the rituals like “Hiranyagarbha Prasuta Yaga” had defeated Chandraguptha of Soma Dynasty at Srisailam Forest Area and married his daughter Chandradevi and captured Chandraguptha Fort at this Forest (Nallamala).

Badami Chalukyan (500 to 755 AD)

Badami Chalukyas having special place in the history of Palamoor. Keerthi Verma-I (the father of Pulakesi-II who defeated Harshavardhana on the banks of Narmada River) has merged Palamoor area in his ruling period. Especially, Alampur was the centre for this rulers in this area. We can see many inscriptions of Badami Chalukyan Kings. Navabrahmeswara Temples of Alampur have been constructed by Pulakesi-II of Badami Chalukyans. These temples are the first temples in Nagara style of Temple Architecture. This architectural style has been spread to Badami, Pattadakal group of temples, Aihole to Bubaneswar area and then to North India. Pulakesi-II ruled for 32 years and titled as Parameswara and he conquered total South India including Pallavas of Kanchipura. Kubhjavishnuvardhana who is the brother of Pulakesi helped in the wars. So, Pulakesi has given the Southern Part of Kingdom up to Krishna River as autonomous Kingdom to his brother Kubhjavishnuvardhana. We, also got copper plate inscriptions of Vikramaditya Satyasraya, son of Pulakesi-II at Andelapadu near to Alampur. Especially, Alampur Navabrahmeswara Temples are the land mark of Badami Chalukya Kings and Alampur was the birth place of Nagara style of temple Architecture.

Rashtrakutas Dynasty – Ruled for a brief period in 9th Century

During the period of Rashtrakutas, Palamoor District played a vital role in many wars. Various kings of Rashtrakuta Dynasty took training in this area during their training period. “Dantidurga” who was the founder of independent Rashtrakuta Kingdom started his wars to spread the kingdom and defeated Keerthiverma-II of Badami Chalukya and conquered Badami Chalukyan Kingdom. Then the great king Dhruva-I conquered Vengi Chalukyas, Pallavas, Malava and Gowda Deshas and touched the Ganga River. He constructed the “Western Gate” to Brahmeswara Temple at Alampur at his first anniversary of his coronation in the year 780-81 A.D. as per the inscription of Alampur. During the festival of Maharnavami he arranged meals for thousand members at Alampur and given many donations. The other inscriptions of Rashtrakuta Kings at Alampur are Srimara Alampur inscription for donations to Utthareswara, Balaverma as per the available inscriptions. Govinda-III one of the great king has laid the inscription in Chowdeswari Temple near to Gangapur of Jadcherla Mandal along with his friend Beeragriha of Vemulavada Chalukyas. Amogha Varsha, Krishna-II and other kings ruled this area during the Rashtrakuta period.

Kalyani Chalukyas (965-1162 A.D)

Kalyani Chalukyas are one of the great kings who ruled the district for about 200 years. Near 63 inscriptions have been found. Great temples of this district are the Agastheswara Temple, Kudali Sanghameswara Temple (presently this temple is located at Alampur), Alampuram, Gangapuram, Ujjili, Puduru, Bekkem, Allwanpally, Avancha, Pedda Kadumur, Budapur, Nekkonda, Rachur, Vankasamudram etc. temples are constructed in this period. Kandur Chodas are the feudatory of Kalyani Chalukyas. The great kings are Tailappa-II (965-997), Satyasraya (997-1008), Vikramaditya (1008-14), Jagadeka Malla (1015-43), Someswara-I (1043-68), Bhavaneka Malla or Someswara-II (1068-76), Thribhuvanamalla Vikramaditya (1076-1126), Someswara-III (1126-38), Jagadekamalla-II (1138-49) and Tailappa-III (1149-62). War sites of these kings in this district are 1. Pudur-near to Gadwal defeated Cholas. 2. Kudali Sangameswara Cholas- Lost War. These kings contributed a lot for Alampur temple. Telugu Chodas, Yadavas, Kakatiyas are the feudatories for these kings.

Kanduri Chodas (1040-1290)

Kanduri Chodas are originally belongs to Mahaboob Nagar. Origin for this dynasty is Telugu Choda. These kings ruled independently northern and southern parts of Krishna and Tungabhadra Rivers. Vardhamana Puram, Kandur, Kodur, Rachur and Gangapuram are the famous towns and as well as Capitals for these kings. Vangur and Sarikonda are the main centres. Vaidumbas are the feudatories of these kings which was ruled AIZA mandalam with 300 villages. Vardhamana Puram was the capital of Udhyana Choda. Kandur was the ancient city of this district. It was the capital for this kingdom for some days. These kings are described that they were belongs to Karikalachola family. Panagallu, Kandur, Ghanapuram, Gangapuram, Vardhamanapuram, Amrabad, Rachur, Kodur, Maghatala (Makthal), Vangur, Munnanur are having the forts in various places of this district and protected the kingdom. Kakati Rudradeva defeated the Bhimadeva who was the son of Udhyana Choda king of Vardhamanapuram and married his sister Padmavathi. Kings donated land for the temples and laid inscriptions, Lingala village is donated to Somasila temple. They developed this area as a powerful kingdom and ruled for 250 years.

Kakatiyas (995-1323)

Kakatiyas are the great kings who contributed good and courageous importance to this district. Prola-II and Rudradeva conquered this area by defeating Kanduri Chodas. Rudradeva Constructed the Rudradeva Fort at Munnanur in the area of 30 miles. Ganapathi Deva, one of the great kings ruled over all Andhra Pradesh. During his period Ghanapuram Fort was constructed. Buddheswara Sahasralingam, Lakshmi Narasimha and Narayana temples were constructed. On the name of his parents, he donated the land of Peddapuram village. During the period of Rudramadevi, Malyalagundana constructed “Ganapasamudram” tank near Buddhapuram (Bhoothpur). Gona Ganna Reddy played a vital role during the rule of King Pratapa Rudra. He belongs to Vardamanapuram. He conquered Raichur and constructed a fort. His father is Gona Budda Reddy who contributed Ranganatha Ramayanam as Dwipada kavyam in Telugu Language.

Malyala Dynasty

Budapuram, Vardamana Puram are the centres for Malyala Kings who were the Feudatories of Kakatiyas. These kings helped to Kakatiyas in many wars during the period of Ganapathi Deva, Rudramadevi and Prataparudra. Malyala Kappambhika, wife of Gunda Dandadeswara constructed a temple at Budapuram (Bhoothpur) in 1276 A.D.

Cherukureddy Kings

Amrabad area is ruled by Cherukureddy kings. Inscriptions of these kings at old Shiva temple at Amrabad in 1258 A.D. describes about these kings. The king ruled under the capital of Amrabad and also some part in Nalgonda district.

Gona Kings

Gona Kings are the feudatories of Kakatiyas and ruled the Vardhamanapuram. Gona Budhareddy and Gona Gannareddy are the great kings who helped to Kakatiya Kings. The main centres of this Kingdom are Vardhamanpuram (Vaddemin of Bijinapally Mandal) and Budapuram (Bhoothpur).

Vavilala

The Eastern part presently located at Madgul Mandal. The name of area is “IRVIN” ruled by Vavilala Kings, these kings ruled Amanagallu, Charikonda, Irvin and Vangur areas. Rudraya Reddy was the great king of this dynasty. These kings are the feudatories of Kakatiyas.

Yadavas:

During the period of Kakati Mahadeva who defeated by Yadava Kings, this area was under the rule of Yadava of Devagiri. “Sthanumantri” the Dandanayaka of Yadava King Ramachandradeva laid the inscription at Shiva Temple of Magatala (Makthal) about the rule of Yadavas in this area.

Musunuri (1325-1365):

After the defeat of Prataparudra by the Muslims, the Kingdom of Kakatiya was ruled by Musunuri Kings who was the feudatories of Kakatiyas. During this period, Palamoor, Shaadnagar areas were under the rule of these kings. Prolaya Nayaka and Kapaya Nayaka are the great kings. Post Kakatiya period these kings had tried to protect Hindu culture and kingdoms from Muslim invasions.

Recharla Padmanayakas (1303-1470):

This kings also feudatories of kakatiyas. Kalwakurty and Raghupathipet areas are under these kings. These kings belongs Rachakonda and Devarakonda of Nalgonda Districts. During this period, Palamoor District area was changed as War Field between these kings and Vijayanagara, Reddy, Bahamani Kings

Bahamani (1347-1518):

Bahamani Sultan Kingdom has spread the wars to this area during their period to face the Vijayanagar Kings and others. The main centres of these kings are Gulbharga, Raichur and other forts, which are surroundings of this district. So many wars took place in this area. Sultan has been occurred at Krishna and Bhima river confluence led by Ramaraya of Vijaya Nagar.

Qutb Shahi Dynasty (1596-1687):

This area was under the direct rule of Qutb Shahis of Golkonda, Koilkonda and Ghanapur which were main defence forts of this kings. In 1565 Rakkasi Thangadi war held in this area. Aurangzeb attacked on Golkonda fort also took place from this area only.

Vijayanagara Kings (1336-1565):

Sri Krishna Devaraya

Sri Krishna Devaraya (ruled 1509-29)

In 1397 AD Alampur and Panagallu were conquered by Vijayanagar Kings. Many wars between Vijayanagar Kings and Sultans were held in this district. Koilkonda, Panagal, Raichur are the strategical forts of this period. During the rule of the great king Srikrishna Devaraya (1509-29), he frequently visited Alampur temple and constructed Narsimha Swamy temple at Alampur. In 1521 A.D. Srikrishna Devaraya laid Alampur inscription and he offered donations to Alampur temple. According to the copper plate inscription of Alampur, 1526 describes that Alampur was one of the Nayankara. Achutaraya Conquered Panagal. During his period in 1565 Rakkasi Thangadi War which held on the bank of the river Malapahari-Krishna changed the fate of Vijaya Nagara Kings. Some parts of this war also held at Maganoor Mandal area on the banks of Krishna-Bhima Sanghamam. Before that in the year 1557-58 Ramaraya arranged a meeting between Sultans and adjusted them to maintain friendly relations at Krishna-Bhima Sangamam in Mahaboob Nagar District. After the defeat of Vijayanagar Kings this area was under the control of Qutb Shahi Kings till 1587.

Moghul Rule

Aurangazeb, the Mughal emperor, invaded Golconda in 1687 A.D and annexed it to the Mughal Empire. Since then, Golconda became part of the Deccan Subha and a Nizam was appointed as an agent of the Mughal emperor. Thus, for about a period of 35 years it was ruled by the Moghuls, the last one being Mubariz Khan.

Nizam Dynasty (Asif Jahi Dynasty from 1724-1948 A.D)

This dynasty acquired enormous wealth and lived most extravagant and lavish life for that time. Nizam VII was the richest man on the earth in his period. He was also awarded as “Faithfull Ally of the British”. Though people suffered, they left behind lot of well known landmarks, rich treasures, art, lavish food style and rich culture. Mir Mahaboob Ali Khan Nizam-VI a great and generous ruler ruled from 1869-1911 who was known as a good king among the Nizams.

7 Asaf Jahi Rulers

Nizam Dynasty – 7 Asaf Jahi Rulers

Salarjung reforms took place in this period. Maharaja Kishen Pershad has introduced many reforms in this period. On the name of this Nawab the Palamoor District has been changed to Mahaboob Nagar District in the Nizams State. He released 25 Lakhs for action against to draught. He also known as “Mahaboob-E-Deccan”. The last Nizam Mir Osman Ali Khan (1911-1948) ruled this area. Many wars took place during this period. Freedom Movement took place in all over the country, but Nizam suppressed a lot in his kingdom. During his period on 10th May 1925 “Golkonda Pathrika” (News Paper) started by Suravaram Pratapa Reddy who belongs to Palamoor District of this State and fought against Nizam rule for freedom. The war against to Nizam started in 1947 and the Nizam had given powers to Razakars and they tortured the people maximum at last in 17th September, 1948 Indian Military defeated Nizam under the mighty leadership of Sardar Patel and merged in Indian Union. The people of this district also got freedom and till the date are under the rule of Government of India.

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https://nagarkurnool.telangana.gov.in/history/ History Nagarkurnool has a history dating back more than 500 years. One version of the story says that Nagarkurnool was named after the Kings Nagana and Kandana, brothers who ruled the present day Nagarkurnool and surrounding area. The village Naganool (which was named after Nagana) still exists, approximately 1 km southeast of Nagarkurnool.Around 110 or 120 years ago, Nagarkurnool was a main junction for transport and district headquarters for most of the south Telangana region. Farmers traveling in this area would buy and apply kandena (grease) for their carts. This story says the name of the town comes from the nameKandanool, meaning “he who sells kandena”, which eventually became Kurnool and then Nagarkurnool

5.1 https://nagarkurnool.telangana.gov.in/dynasties/ HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF NAGARKURNOOL: DYNASTIES:
The name “Telangana” refers to the word TrilingaDesa, earned due to the presence of three ancient Shiva Temples at Kaleshwaram, Srisailam, and Draksharamam.
Nagarkurnool is a district in the southern part of Telangana with the town of Nagarkurnool being the district headquarters. The district was carved from the Mahbubnagar district/Palamoor region. This district is spread over an area of 6,545.00 square kilometers.

History of Nagarkurnool:
Nagarkurnool is believed to have been named after the two kings called Nagana and Kandana, who were brothers too. The district, today has three revenue divisions namely Achampet, Nagarkurnool and Kalwakurthy.
To understand the history of Nagarkurnool, it is important to trace the history of Palamoor(present day Mahbubnagar), as this region has been ruled by several regional rulers, Samasthans, Jamindars and Doras.
Palamoor district belongs to AsmakaJanapada, of Dakshinapatham, 6th century BC. According to Mahabharata literature, Maharshi Agastya Maharshi, established a shiva temple named “Agastheeswara Temple” on the banks of river Krishna (traceable to present day Kollapur division of the district)
In fact, this region was the southern extent of Ashok’s empire, with an inscription found in Erragudi of adjoining Kurnool district. Thereafter, this region saw the rule of Satavahanas, Vishnukundins, 358-500 AD (founder of this dynasty Raja Maha Rajendra Varma, hailed from Amrabad area of this district),
According to the Indrapalanagara Inscriptions, Amrabad was also the capital of the Mandalika Rajya. Later, Mahadeva Verma-I conquered the Kollapur area extending the spread of his kingdom.
According to the epigraphist, B.N. Sastry, the Vishnukundin were belongs to PalamoorDistrtict. The king Maha Verma-IV is believed to have conducted “Hiranyagarbha PrasutaYaga”, after defeating Chandragupta of Soma Dynasty at Srisailam- Nalamalla Forest Area, capturing the fort, and married his daughter Chandradevi.Thereafter, it was the rule of Badami Chalukyas, between 500 to 755 AD; subsequently, Rashtrakutas Dynasty, ruled briefly, in 9th century, during whichGovinda-III, laid an inscription in Chowdeswari Temple near to Gangapur of Jedcherla Mandal(bordering the district); Kalyani Chalukyas, 965-1162 A.D; and significantly, the KanduriChodas, between 1040-1290, who originally belonged to Mahbubnagar, independently ruled northern and southern parts of Krishna and Tungabhadra Rivers. They belonged to Karikalachola family, and built forts, in Amrabad, Rachur(Veldanda Mandal), Kodur, Makthal, Munnanur. Kings donated land for the temples and laid inscriptions, Lingala village is donated to Somasila temple. They developed this area as a powerful kingdom and ruled for 250 years.
Kakatiyas, 995-1323, defeated KanduriChodas, and also constructed the Rudradeva Fort at Munnanur, BuddheswaraSahasralingam(Gopalpet Mandal, Wanaparthy) and Lakshmi Narasimha(Singhottam, Kollapur).
Thereafter, was the period of feudatories of Kaktiya dynasty, which included, Malyala Dynasty, Gona Kings(with Vardhamanpuram of Bijinapally Mandal, as its centre), Vavilala kings(Amanagallu, Charakonda, Irvin and Vangur) and Cherukureddy kings, the latter ruled Amrabad area as its capital, as suggested by inscriptions at old Shiva temple at Amrabad in 1258 A.D; RecharlaPadmanayakas, 1303-1470(Kalwakurthy); .
Subsequently, we see Bahmani, 1347-1518, Qutb Shahi, 1596-1687 and it was during the time of Asaf Jahi, 1724-1948, that this district, saw introduction of many reforms (during the times of Salarjung and later Maharaja KishenPershad). It was during this time, that Palamoor District was renamed as Mahaboob Nagar District in the name of Mir Mahaboob Ali Khan Nizam-VI, ruler of Nizam.
During the independence movement, “Golkonda Patrika” was started by Suravaram Pratapa Reddy in 1925, who belongs to Palamoor District.

I History of Samsthans:
The Rajas of Hindu Samsthans in the Nizam’s were mostly Zamindars and military chiefs who established their authority over the surrounding territories. They were known as Paligars and their territories, Palayams. There were about sixteen Samsthans, which survived till Independence. Some of the important Samsthans in this region were Wanaparthi, Gadwal, Jetprole, Amarchinta, Palvancha, Gopalpet, Gurugunta, Kollapur and Anagundi.
Among these, KollapurSamsthan, is one of the major divisions in Nagarkurnool District. It is spread over a large area spanning most of the Nallamala Forest Area on the banks of River Krishna. There are traces of architectural treasures from 2nd century B.C. in this samasthan, which includes, Kollapur Palace, Fort, many ancient temples, built about 1500 years ago. KollapurSamsthan played a considerable role in Nizam’s era.

II Mannanur is a tribal hamlet within the Amrabad Tiger Reserve area (part of the Nagarjuna Sagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve’s western wing).
Mallelatheertham waterfall, remains to be one of the most enthralling places in Telangana and is located in a picturesque valley of the Nallamala forest range, also famous for a Shiva temple. Along with this, the district, in Achampet division has the sacred Uma Maheswaram, also considered as the north gateway of Srisailam. The district is also home to highly popular and exotic eco-tourism destination called Somasila, located near Kollapur, which is located in the backwaters of the Srisailam dam.

5.2 Nagarkurnool District History – Samsthans https://nagarkurnool.telangana.gov.in/samsthans/ : The origin of the Rajas of Hindu Samsthans in the Nizam’s Dominion goes back to the time of the ancient Hindu Kingdom of Warangal. They were mostly Zamindars and military chiefs who established their authority over the surrounding territories. They were known as Paligars and their territories, Palayams. There were about sixteen Samsthans, which survived till Independence. Some of the important Samsthans in this region were Wanaparthi, Gadwal, Jetprole, Amarchinta, Palvancha, Gopalpet, Gurugunta, Kollapur and Anagundi. The Rajas of the Samsthans were progressive and managed the administration well.

The Samsthan of Jetprol:

Kollapur Samsthan:

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https://narayanpet.telangana.gov.in/history/ 2new districts, Mulugu and Narayanpet were created on 17Feb2019, taking the total number of districts to 33.

Narayanpet district is a relatively new administrative division in the Indian state of Telangana. It was formed in 2016 as part of the reorganization of districts in Telangana. Prior to its formation, Narayanpet was a part of the Mahabubnagar district.
The history of the area that now constitutes Narayanpet district is intertwined with the broader historical narrative of the Deccan region. This region has a rich history dating back to ancient times, with evidence of human habitation and cultural exchanges spanning millennia.
Throughout history, the Deccan region, including the area of Narayanpet, has been ruled by various dynasties and kingdoms. These include the Satavahanas, Chalukyas, Kakatiyas, and the Qutb Shahi dynasty of Golconda, among others. Each dynasty left its mark on the cultural, architectural, and socio-economic landscape of the region.
During the medieval period, the Deccan witnessed the rise and fall of several powerful Sultanates, including the Bahmani Sultanate and the Golconda Sultanate. These Sultanates played a significant role in shaping the political and cultural dynamics of the region.
With the decline of the Golconda Sultanate, the area eventually came under the control of the Nizams of Hyderabad, who ruled the princely state of Hyderabad until India gained independence in 1947.
After independence, the region became a part of the state of Hyderabad, which later merged with Andhra Pradesh. In 2014, Telangana was carved out of Andhra Pradesh as a separate state, leading to the subsequent formation of Narayanpet district in 2016.
The establishment of Narayanpet district marked a new chapter in the administrative and developmental history of the region. Today, Narayanpet district is known for its agricultural activities, handloom industry, and cultural heritage. Its history continues to evolve as it undergoes socio-economic transformations in the modern era.

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https://gadwal.telangana.gov.in/ Jogulamba Gadwal district History Gadwal is a city and the district Headquarter of Jogulamba Gadwal district in the Indian state of Telangana.It is located 188 km (117 mi) from tHyderabad and is a state assembly constituency. Gadwal historically served as the capital of Gadwal Samsthanam, a vassal of the Nizam of Hyderabad. Gadwal was previously part of the Raichur region of Hyderabad-Karnataka.

Gadwal developed around a fort built by the Gadwal ruler Somanadri, Gadwal Samsthanam, which was a vassal of the Nizam of Hyderabad. It was protected by Mallichetti vamshiyulu. The Nagi Reddy, known today as Nagappa, was an Angarashakulu of Gadwal Samsthanam (Raja Somanadri was a minor). He died in a war with Sultans. Nagappa was succeeded by Narsappa as Gadwal Samsthanam Ayngarashakulu, but had to leave the palace.

Gadwal Fort is an imposing structure around which the old town sprawls. The fort houses several old temples, the most important of which is Sri Chennakesava Swamy temple. Jammulamma temple is located west to the city.

The Priyadarshini Jurala Project is a large dam in Gadwal. It has almost 62 gates, generation capacity=234 MW.

Gadwala is known for its handloom Jari chiralu (Gadwala sarees). It was registered as one of the geographical indication from Telangana by Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999. They are most notable for the Zari on the saris. The sari consists of a cotton body with a silk pallu which called Sico saris. The weave is so light that the saree can be packed in a matchbox. For Lord Venkateshwara Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanam (TTD) Bramhotsavam starts with Gadwala-weaved Pattu Vastralu every year.

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https://wanaparthy.telangana.gov.in/history/ History Wanaparthy Districthas been carved in accordance with the Reorganization of the Districts ACT, 2016 of the bifurcation of Telangana State. Wanaparthy Revenue Division Comprising 8 Mandals as part of the Mahabubnagar District was Already existing and Madanapuram, Revally, Chinnambavi & Srirangapur mandals are newly formed mandals carved from Atmakur, Amarchintha, and Narva mandals from Narayanpet Division of Erstwhile Mahbubnagar District, at Present (15)Mandals are existing in the District.

Wanaparthy District is a newly formed District bifurcated from the erstwhile Mahabubnagar District and occupies an area of `2164.59 Sq.km with a total population of 577758 as per Census 2011 of which 92288 is urban population and 485470 rural population. The density of the population is 267 per Sq.km. The percentage of the rural population in the District is 84.03 and that of the urban is 15.97. The scheduled caste population in the District forms 16.13% of the total population, while scheduled tribes account for 7.97% of the total population. Wanaparthy town is the largest urban unit in the District. Total Literacy as per the 2011 census is 55.67% in which Male literacy is 65.73% and female literacy is 45.27%

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https://kamareddy.telangana.gov.in/history/ Kamareddy District History

The District derived its name Kamareddy from the ruler of Domakonda Fort Chinna Kamireddy, who ruled this area during AD 1600 to 1640. Old name of this place is KODURU. This village exists in the place where Kishtamma Gudi now existing. In Harijanwada area there was temple called KODURU HANMANDLA GUDI. This temple is oldest in the History of Kamareddy. Apart from this temple there are another ( 3 ) Temples which are the proofs of Kamareddy i.e., 1.Kishtammagudi, 2. Venu Gopala Swamy Gudi and 3. Vittaleshwara Alayam. In Kakathiya Dynasti this place was ruled by KAKARTHYA GUNDANA, proof of this is available in Sri Raja Rajeshwara Swamy Temple in Banda Rameshwar Pally village of Machareddy Mandal.

This district has contributed many freedom fighters and social workers of nation. People of this district fought bravely with Razakars, who were armed with weapons and enjoyed the implicit support of Nizam’s government, and finally this district along with other districts of Telangana merged with the Indian union. The leaders of this district involved in the “Quit India moment” launched by the Indian National Congress under the leadership of Mahathma Gandhi along with the rest of Telangana.

The District is bifurcated from residual District of Nizamabad and formed as Kamareddy District from 11-10-2016 with ( 3 ) Revenue Divisions viz., Kamareddy, Banswada and Yellareddy and ( 22 ) Mandals including ( 1 ) Municipality i.e., Kamareddy. Rajampet, Bibipet, Ramareddy, Peddakodapgal and Nasrullabad are formed as new mandals apart from existing ( 17 ) Mandals.

Kamareddy District is bounded on the North by Nizamabad District and on the East by Rajanna Siricilla District and Siddipet District, on the South by Medak District on the West by Nanded District of Maharashtra State and Bidar District of Karnataka State. The Geographical area of this district is 3,652 Sq.Kms. The District lies between 18 – 19’- 07” of Latitude and and 78 -20’-37” Longtitude.

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Nizamabad District History https://nizamabad.telangana.gov.in/about-district/history/

Nizamabad – A popular princely district in Telangana situated at a distance of about 175 kms from North-west of Hyderabad. The District derived its name as Nizamabad (Nizam-a-abadi) from the Nizam of Hyderabad Asaf Jahi, VI who had ruled Deccan during the 18th Century A.D. Originally the district called was INDUR known to have originated in the name of king Indradatta who had ruled this region during 5th Century A.D. During the Prime Minister-ship of Sir Salar Jung-I in the 1876 A.D, the district is in the Nizam’s Dominion were re-organized where upon INDUR became a District.

The District derived its name as Nizamabad (Nizam-a-abadi) from the Nizam of Hyderabad Asaf jahi, VI who had ruled Deccan during the 18th century A.D. Originally the District was called Indur known to have originated in the name of king Indradatta who had ruled this region during the 5th century A.D.Some of the major ancient dynasties which extended their rule to the district are Mauryas, Satavahanas, Rastrakutas, Chalukyas and Kakatiyas and in the medieval Bahamani Sultans, Qutub Shahis and Barid Shahis and in the modern period Mughals and Asaf Jahis.

During the Prime Minister-ship of Sir Salar Jung-I in the 1876 A.D., the districts in the Nizam’s Dominion were re- organized where upon Indur became a District.

The district in its new shape was christened as Nizamabad. Before 1979, there were (7) taluks in the district. However, during December, 1979 Armoor and Kamareddy taluks have been bifurcated and (2) new taluks Viz, Bheemgal and Domakonda were formed. With these two taluks, the number of taluks rose from 7 to 9. During May, 1985 (35) Mandals have been formed as smaller administrative units in the district. They are listed under the head ‘Administrative Divisions’. During August 1988, Yedapally Mandal was newly formed, bringing the total number of Mandals to 36, total no of divisions are 3.

On 11.10.2016 New District is formed with 27 mandals.there are I corporation two municipalities in the district.recently 8 new Mandal are formed they are Mupkal,Mendora,Yergatla, Nizamabad North, Nizamabad Rural , Nizamabad South Mugpal,Rudrur.

Nizamabad town has the largest population of 3.10 lakhs as per 2011 Census. While Armoor town has the lowest population of 64,042. Nizamabad town has become Municipal Corporation in March, 2005 and Armoor town has become Municipality in May 2006. There are total no of thandas in district are 96, no of thandas are to be proposed as Grama Panchayaths are 71

Nizamabad district is bounded on the North by Nirmal district and on the East by Jagital district, on the South by Kamareddy district on the West by Nanded district of Maharastra State The geographical area of this district is 4288 Sq.Kms. The district lies between 180 05’ and 190’ of the Northern latitudes and 770 40’ and 780 37’ of the Eastern longitudes.

https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/సిర్నాపల్లి_సంస్థానం రాణి జానకీబాయి

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https://adilabad.telangana.gov.in/history/ The district derives its name from Adilabad, its H.Q. town which was named after the ruler of Bijapur, Ali Adil Shah. The district was for long not a homogenius unit and its component parts were ruled at different periods by diff. dynasties namely, the Mauryas, Satavahanas, Vakatakas, Chalukyas of Badami, Rashtrakututs, Chalukyas of Kalyani, Mughals, Bhosle Rajes of Nagpur and Asaf Jahis, besides the Gond Rajas of Sirpur and Chanda. Originally this was not full fledged district but a sub-district named Sirpur-Tandur which was created in A.D. 1872 with Edlabad (Adilabad), Rajura and Sirpur as its consistuents talukas. In 1905 the status of this sub-district was raised to that of an independent district with head quarters at Adilabad. Further in 2016, Adilabad district is re organized in to 4 districts namely Adilabad,Nirmal,Mancherial and KumramBheem Asifabad.

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12. https://nirmal.telangana.gov.in/history/History Nirmal District History

The Nirmal district is etched out of erstwhile Adilabad District. The district is located in northern Telangana and borders Maharashtra and the Telangana districts of Asifabad
(Komuram Bheem) Adilabad Mancherial Jagtial and Nizamabad. The district has two revenue divisions Nirmal and Bhainsa and 19 mandals while the district headquarters is located at Nirmal town.

Nirmal District derives its name from the king Nimma Rayudu, who played a pivotal role in the development of the region. The district has a great networking of roadways, with the National Highway 44 crisscrossing the district. It has two major RTC depots at Nirmal and at Bhainsa. The district treasures some of the most fertile land in Telangana, with the river Godavari forming the southern border of the district and many small and medium projects being the major irrigation sources. In addition, there are chain tanks built around the Nirmal town. Paddy, cotton, pulses are the primary crops in the district.

Nirmal district has rich historical and cultural traditions. It is greatly inclined towards art. Several art forms ourish in the district viz. Bindu Yakshaganam, Bagavatham, Pandavulu, Yellamma Katha, Sharada Kathalu, Kolatam and Jada Koppulu. And the most distinguishing of all, the exotic Nirmal Toys, made of wood, have earned national and international recognition. Travel lovers are sure to nd the district a huge attraction for its numerous tourist spots.Sri Gnana Saraswathi Temple situated on the banks of River Godavari at Basar is very famous for Akshara Sweekaram – initiation of children into learning. Aptly, the district also takes the credit of having the prestigious IIIT Basara. Kuntala Waterfalls in the district attracts thousands of nature lovers during the fall season. Kadem Minor Irrigation project is another place of interest for visitors. The district also boasts of forts like the Nirmal Fort, and the Quilla Outta fort.

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13. https://mancherial.telangana.gov.in/history/ Mancheriyal District History

Mancherial District is carved out of erstwhile Adilabad District. It is surrounded by Asifabad (Komuram Bheem), Adilabad, Nirmal, Jagtial, Peddapalli, Bhoopalapally districts and the Maharashtra state.

The district comprises of 18 mandals and Two Revenue Divisions – Mancherial and Bellampalli. The district headquarters is located at Mancherial town.

Mancherial is well connected through its roadways and railways. Mancherial is one of the A category stations of Secunderabad division and Bellampalli is also a major railway station in the region. The SH1, NH63 and Nagpur highway, run through the district, making the entire region well linked. It has one RTC depot at Mancherial.

Rivers Godavari and Pranahita pass through it. Paddy is the major crop in the district.

Housing a precious coal belt, the district is home to Singareni Collieries and Jaipur Thermal Power Plant. It also possesses several private cement manufacturers and ceramics factories. And the ceramic pipe industry, which is the largest in the in the country, is definitely an icing on the cake.

Mancherial district boasts of the crocodile sanctuary near Chennur and thick forest under a part of the Kawal Tiger Reserve. Gudemgutta Sri Satyanarayana Swami Temple is a noted pilgrim centre in the district.

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14. https://asifabad.telangana.gov.in/history/ కుమురం భీమ్ ఆసిఫాబాద్ Kumuram Bheem Asifabad district history: Kumuram Bheem Asifabad District is carved out of erstwhile Adilabad District. It is surrounded by Adilabad, Mancherial, Nirmal districts and the boarders of Maharashtra state.

Kumuram Bheem Asifabad District comprises 15 mandals and has two revenue divisions – Asifabad and Kaghaznagar. The district headquarter is located at Asifabad, a predominantly tribal town. The railway line that connects the south and the north of India passes through Kumuram Bheem Asifabad District. Sirpur-Kaghaznagar@కుమురం భీమ్ ఆసిఫాబాద్ district is a major railway station in the district. It has one RTC depot at Asifabad.

The district’s primary crops include rice, cotton and pulses. Singareni Collieries, Sirpur Paper Mills, many spinning and ginning mills form the industrial profile of the district.

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15. https://khammam.telangana.gov.in/history/ Khammam District History

The nomenclature of Khammam is said to have derived from a temple ‘Narasimhadri’ built on a hillock in the town. The temple was referred as ‘Stamba Sikhari’ and later ‘Stambadhri’. It is believed that lord Narasimha emerged from a stone pillar and killed the evil king Hiranya kasyapu to save his child devotee Prahlada. This incident is said to have occurred in the Krutayuga. The vertical rock under the temple is known as ‘Kamba’ and the town at the foot of the hill was called Kambamettu which gradually changed to Khammam matt and finally Khammam.

Khammam town was part of the larger Warangal district till October 1st, 1953. Five taluks of the Warangal district viz., Khammam, Madhira, Yellandu, Burgampadu and Palwancha (now Kothagudem) were carved out and a new district with Khammam as district head quarters was formed. In 1985, following the introduction of mandal system, the district was divided into 46 mandals in four revenue divisions viz., Khammam, Kothagudem, Palwancha & Bhadrachalam. There are 6 towns / Municipalities in the district. They are Khammam (Municipality), Kothagudem (Municipality), Yellandu (Municipality), Palwancha (Municipality), Sathupally (Municipality), Manuguru (Municipality).

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16.https://kothagudem.telangana.gov.in/భద్రాద్రికొత్తగూడెంజిల్లాBHADRADRIKOTHAGUDEM DISTRICT

In terms of area, Bhadradri Kothagudem is the largest district with an area of 7,483 km2 (2,889 sq mi) and Hyderabad is the smallest with 217 km2 (84 sq mi).

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17. https://hanumakonda.telangana.gov.in/ Hanamkonda District(=Warangal Urban district) History

Warangal and Hanamkonda as legend goes is linked with the dynasties of Great “Vishnukundins” and even prior to it also of the Buddhist and pre_Buddhist periods of indian History. During Eighth Century A.D. , Warangal with an old name “Orukal” has served as Capital City of Yadava king of the Kakatiyas or Ganapatis making Warangal as Capital City.The name of Warangal “Orugallu” is said to be correct form of Orukal which is the original designation ,the old town.The words the middle of the Warangal fort.The Kakatiya line seems to have been in existance even earlier to the middle of 7th Century A.D.because the famous Chines Piligrim Hieun-Tsang,mentions the nameof the Kingdom of “Danakakitya” in the South.The family name Kakatiya is derived from the local appellation of the Goddess Durga(Kakati).

After the fall of Bahamani Kingdom,Warangal fell to the “Qutab Shahis” of Golkonda and thereafter it has came under the sway of Nizam’s dominions.The Historical events and development occured in Warangal City. These are :-

Kakatiya Stage1158- 1323 Bahmani Stage1347- 1512 Qutub Shahi Stage1512- 1687 Asif Jahi Stage1724- 1948

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18. https://jangaon.telangana.gov.in/history/ జనగామ జిల్లా JANGAON DISTRICT History (from Warangal Dt)

Jain Thirthankara sculptures that were found in the excavations near the town revealed the existence of Jainism in the Megalithic age. Jangaon was the 2nd capital region of the Kalyani Chalukyas in the 11th century. After the demise of the Nayaks 50-years rule, this region came under the Kakatiya dynasty from 1195 to 1323, before transferring to the Khalji dynasty of Delhi Sultanate under Ala-ud-din Khilji rule. The region was part of the Bahmani Sultanate and then the Sultanate of Golconda Qutb Shahi dynasty in 1512. The Mughal emperor Aurangzeb conquered Golconda in 1687 and it remained part of the Mughal empire.

Qamar-ud-din Khan Asaf Jah I declared sovereignty in 1724 and established the Asaf Jahi Dynasty. In 1854 the Jangaon area was under the administrative region of Bhonagheer Circars. Jangaon is mentioned as Zungaon in an 1854 map. In 1866 new districts were created. all Circars were delimited and merged. Bhonagheer, Daverakonda and Nalgonda Circars merged to form Nalgonda District but the Jangaon area was transferred from Bhongir Circar to Warangal District in 1866, Cherial was renamed Taluka by adding some parts of Wardannapet region, with its headquarters at Jangaon.

In 1905 the Princely state of Hyderabad was sub-divided into four divisions. Aurangabad Division, Gulbarga Division, Gulshanabad Division and Warangal Division Districts were delimited in 1905. Jangaon (Cherial), Taluka and Kodar (Kodad). Taluka was transferred to Nalgonda District from Warangal district. Hyderabad State was annexed to the Dominion of India by operation polo in 1948, and became an Indian state. In 1948 Jangaon taluka was part of Nalgonda district in Gulshanabad Division of Hyderabad State.

In 1953, there was a shuffling of areas, shifting some villages from one taluka to the other. Subsequently, when Warangal district was divided to facilitate administrative control and on 1 October 1953, Khammam district was formed.Khammam, Yellandu, Madhira, Burugunpahad and Palavancha talukas have been made part of it.

Warangal, Mulugu, Mahabubabad, Parkala(Narsampet) remained in Warangal district. But again Parkaala from Karimnagar district and Jangaon taluka from Nalgonda district have become part of Warangal district living back Nalgonda, Miryalguda, Deverkonda, Bhongir, Ramannapet, Suryapet, and Huzurnagar to Nalgonda district. After these changes in 1953, few villages of Jangaon taluka went to Medak district and some remained in Nalgonda district.

During the reigm of Marri Chenna Reddy in 1979, Jangaon taluka was split into Cherial, Kodakandla and Jangaon talukas, at that time Jangaon taluk consist of 7 Circles namely Jangaon, Cherial, Rebarthi, Narmetta, Ippaguda, Chennur and Kodakondla Cirles. In 1985, when N. T. Rama Rao introduced the mandal system, Jangaon taluka was further divided in to Jangaon Mandal, Raghunathpalle, Lingalaghanpur and Devaruppula mandals.

On 11 October 2016 Jangaon was made the district headquarters, along with 21 newly formed districts in Telangana. Warangal district was divided into 5 districts are Warangal Urban district, Warangal Rural district, Jangaon district, Jayashankar Bhoopalapalli district and Mahabubabad district. Jangaon district was formed mostly from the old Jangaon Revenue division, with the exception of Maddur, Cherial and Komuravelli mandals, which were transferred to newly formed Siddipet district, Ghanpur and Zaffergadh from Warangal Revenue division and Gundala of Nalgonda district were merged with Jangaon district.

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19. https://bhoopalapally.telangana.gov.in/ జయశంకర్ భూపాలపల్లి జిల్లా Jayashankar Bhupalpally District History

Telangana region has been ruled by great dynasties such as Sathavahanas, Kakatiyas, Chalukyas, Mughals, Qutubshahis, Asafjahis. Sathavahanas ruled Telangana region for about 400 years right from the 2nd century B.C. to beyond the 2nd century A.D. Among Kakathiyas, Prataparudra, was a great ruler who ruled till A.D.1323

Jayashankar Bhupalpally is linked with the dynasties of Great “Vishnukundins” and even prior to it also of the Buddhist and pre-Buddhist periods of indian History.During Eighth Century A.D. ,It was under the rule of Yadava king of the Kakatiyas or Ganapatis making Warangal as Capital City.The Kakatiya line seems to have been in existence even earlier to the middle of 7th Century A.D.because the famous Chinese Pilgrim Hiuen-Tsang,mentions the name of the Kingdom of “Danakakitya” in the South.The family name Kakatiya is derived from the local appellation of the Goddess Durga(Kakati).

After the fall of Bahmani Kingdom, Jayashankar Bhupalpally fell to the “Qutub Shahis” of Golconda and thereafter it has came under the sway of Nizam’s dominions.

Kakatiya Stage1158- 1323 Bahmani Stage1347- 1512 Qutub Shahi Stage1512- 1687 Asif Jahi Stage1724- 1948

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20. https://mahabubabad.telangana.gov.in/ మహబూబాబాద్ జిల్లా Mahabubabad District History

The Town located on the Bank of the Pakala River, which is one of the tributaries to the river Krishna. The majority of the villages and the hamlets including the Town are the habitats of scheduled tribes (STs). The tribal community is Lambadi. Thus, the majority of people of the Town will also communicate in the special tribal language, Lambadi or Banjara. This language is one among the officially recognized dialects by the Government of India.

Mahabubabad comes from Manukota and also Manukota comes from Mranukota. In telugu “Mranu” means “Tree” and “Kota” means “Fort”. In English it will translate to “a fort made of trees”. In earlier days Manukota used to be covered with plenty of trees like a fort. Later it was spelled as Manukota. When ever the Nizam ruler “Mahabub Ali Khan” visited the city, Manukota changed as Mahabubabad. Mahabub who is one of the officials of Hon’ble Nizam. He once arrived Manukota before Independence and stayed outside of the town in a place which is called “Shikarkhana”. The name of Manukota by the passage of the time, hence changed to Mahabubabad.

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21. https://mulugu.telangana.gov.in/ ములుగు జిల్లా Mulugu District History webpage is absent

Sammakka Saralamma Mulugu district https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mulugu_district

Ramappa Temple@ములుగు జిల్లా, Medaram Jatara@ములుగు జిల్లా, Bogatha Waterfall, Tadvai Forest Huts, Laknavaram Lake and Boating

Mulugu district was formed on February 17, 2019 by bifurcating the Jayashankar Bhupalpally district. Previously Jayashankar Bhupalpally district was part of Warangal district. There is one revenue division of Mulugu under this district and has 9 mandals and 174 village panchayats in it. Mulugu district along with Narayanapet district were formed making a total of 33 districts in Telangana state.

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22. https://warangal.telangana.gov.in/ వరంగల్ జిల్లా Warangal District History

The Warangal was the ancient capital of kakatiyas dynasty, which was ruled by many kings such as1.Beta Raja-I 2.Prola Raja-I 3. Beta Raja –II 4. Prola Raja – II 5. Rudra Deva 6. Mahadeva 7) Ganapathi Deva 8) Pratapa Rudra and 9) Rani Rurdrama Devi, who was the only woman ruler in Andhra. The Kakatiyas left many monuments including the impressive Fortress, Four massive stone gateways, big Shivate temple and big lake. They built so many Shivate temples and big lakes for irrigation. After Kakatiyas, it came in the sway of Delhi Sultanate. The Nayaka Chieftains on capturing they ruled over for few years. After demise of the Nayakas, the Warangal became part of Bahmani suitanate of Golkonda. Later, it was annexed in Moghal empire in 1687 and it became a part of Hyderabad state in 1724. Lastly, it was joined in Govt. of free India in Sept,1948 . In 1956, the District of Warangal became a part of Andhra Pradesh under the State Reorganisation Act being telugu speaking region. After separate Telangana agitation, the Telangana State was formed on 2nd June, 2014 and Warangal became part of Telangana State. Again, after Re-organisation of Districts in Telangana State , the erstwhile District “Warangal’’ has been bifurcated into 5 Districts. Of which, Warangal (Rural) District is formed and came into being wef 11th October,2016.

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23. https://hyderabad.telangana.gov.in/history/ హైదరాబాద్ జిల్లా /حیدرآباد ضلع Hyderabad District

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24 https://karimnagar.telangana.gov.in/about-district/history/ కరీంనగర్ | کریمنگر KARIMNAGAR District History

Satavahana Dynasty

Kotilingala in Karimnagar district was the first capital of the Satavahana Kingdom (230 BCE–220 CE). Formerly known as Sabbinadu, inscriptions dating to the Kakatiya dynasty (1083–1323) by kings Prola II and Prataparudra found at Karimnagar and Srisailam provide evidence of the area’s rich history.

Archaeological excavations in Pedda Bonkur, Dhulikatta and Kotilingalu show that the area was once ruled by the Satvahanas, Mauryas and Asaf Jahis.

Modern era

It was previously part of Hyderabad State before 1 November 1956, Andhra Pradesh state till 2 June 2014 and became the part of newly formed state of Telangana by Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014.

Geographic Description

The district is spread across an area of 2,128 square kilometres and shares boundaries with Jagtial and Peddapalli district on north, Warangal Urban district and Siddipet district on south, Rajanna District on the East and Jayashankar Bhupalpally District on west. According to 2011 Census of India, the district has a population of 10, 05,711.

Situated on the Manair River, Lower Manair Dam is indeed a tourist delight. The Manair River, which is a tributary of the Godavari River is home to a dam built at the confluence of Manair with the Mohedamada River. It is a popular picnic spot located close to Karimnagar. Located close to the left bank of river Manair near Karimnagar town, the hilltop fort of Elgandal was constructed during Kakatiya period, and it was later passed on to the hands of QutbShahis. There are two stone fortification walls, two mosques, two dilapidated temples, ammunition building, jail khana, wells and other structural edifices in this fort.

Located near Lower Manair Dam, on the outskirts of Karimnagar town is a famous tourist attraction called Ujwala Park, where tourists relax in the tranquil surroundings. Rajeev Gandhi Deer Park located near Ujwala Park, is known for its teeming deer population. Located along River Godavari, Shivaram wildlife Sanctuary in Karimnagar district is a beautiful wildlife sanctuary spread over 36.29 sq.km approximately.

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25 https://jagtial.telangana.gov.in/history/ జగిత్యాల JAGTIAL History

Jagtial District was carved out of erstwhile Karimnagar district. It is surrounded by Nizamabad, Nirmal, Mancherial, Peddapalli and Karimnagar Districts, with Three revenue divisions at Jagtial and Metpalle and Korutla. The district headquarters is located at Jagtial town.

The Godavari River passes through the district. SRSP Project is a major dam and tourist attraction. The Buddhist Sthupaof 2nd century BC in Dhulikatta is of historic and archaeological significance. The district is home to holy temples of Sri MallikarjunaSwamy Temple at Odela and Sri Varahaswami temple at Kamanpur Mandal. There is railway connectivity from Jagtial to Peddapalli via Karimnagar.

Some of the tourist spots in the district are RamuniGundalu waterfalls at Sabbitham and RamagiriQila, which is a place of historic importance. The holy temple of Sri LaxminarsimhaSwamy on the banks of the Godavari River at Dharmapuri Mandal headquarters is quite popular all over. Sri KoteshwaraSwamy temple on the banks of the Godavari River at Kotilingala village in Velgatur Mandal and the holy temple of Sri Anjaneya Swamy located at Kondagattu in Muthyampet village, Mallial Mandal attract thousands of devotees. Jagtial fort, located near the town is of immense historical significance, as it is the only star-shaped fort in Telangana surrounded by a moat filled with water.

TEMPLES:

The holy temple of Sri Laxminarsimha Swamy on the banks of the Godavari River at Dharmapuri Mandal head-quarters.
The holy temple of Sri Koteshwara Swamy on the banks of the Godavari River at Kotilingala village in Velgatur Mandal.
The holy temple of Sri Anjaneya Swamy located at Kondagattu of Muthyampet village in Mallial Mandal.

COMMUNICATION:

Railway connectivity is available from Jagtial to Peddapalli via Karimnagar. Connectivity from Jagtial to Nizamabad District head quarters.
RTC Bus-depots are located at Jagtial, Korutla and Metpalli.

Jagtial District was carved out of erstwhile Karimnagar district. It is surrounded by Nizamabad, Nirmal, Mancherial, Peddapalli and Karimnagar Districts

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26. https://peddapalli.telangana.gov.in/history/ పెద్దపల్లి District history

Peddapalli District is carved out of erstwhile Karimnagar district. It is surrounded by Mancherial, Bhoopalapally, Karimnagar, Jagtial districts. The district comprises 14 mandals and two revenue divisions – Peddapalli and Manthani. Peddapalli town is its headquarters.

The district has some major railway lines including the one connecting the north and south India passing through it. Hyderabad-Ramagundam State Highway also crisscrosses the district. This well-connected district has three RTC depots at Godavarikhani, Ramagundam and Manthani.

NTPC Ramagundam, a part of National Thermal Power Corporation, is situated at Ramagundam. It is one of the major power stations in South India and is the first ISO 14001 certified “Super Thermal Power Station” in India. The district is also home to major industries like Singareni, FCI and many private cement factories.

River Godavari passes through Peddapalle district and the entire district is covered under SRSP command area. The district is known for its paddy to produce followed by cotton and maize. The cotton produced here is internationally reputed for its quality. It is also dotted by many rice mills and spinning mills.

The district is of historical and archaeological significance. The Buddhist Stupa dating back to 2nd century BC and one of the 30 walled cities mentioned by Megasthenes, the Greek historian, is located in Dhulikatta village of Eligaid mandal.

Peddaplli district is adorned by the holy shrines of Sri Mallikarjuna Swamy at Odela and Sri Varahaswami at Kamanpur Mandal. Some of the popular tourist attractions in the district include Ramuni Gundalu, Sabbitham waterfalls. Ramagiri Qilah, a place of historical importance located in the village Begumpet is also often visited by tourists.

Some of the tourist spots in the districts are: Ramuni Gundalu, waterfalls at Sabbitham. Ramagiri Qila is a place of historic importance and is located at Begumpet.

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27. https://rajannasircilla.telangana.gov.in/ రాజన్న సిరిసిల్ల District History

Rajanna Sircilla is carved out of erstwhile Karimnagar district and was formed on 11 Oct 2016.It is surrounded by Karimnagar, Kamareddy and Siddipet Districts. Mid Manair Dam with its scenic beauty is a place of worth visiting. Manair, a tributary of Godavari, passes through the district and provides irrigation and drinking water supply benefits.Sri Raja Rajeshwara Swamy temple, one of the ancient and famous Shaivite temples,is located in Vemulawada town.This Shrine is popularly known as ‘Dakshina Kasi’ (Southern Banaras). Devotees throng this temple in huge numbers . A Dargah within the precincts of the temple stands a testimony to religious tolerance. Rock cut inscriptions found in and around Vemulawada temple proclaim the historical importance of this place which was the capital of the Vemulawada Chalukyas who ruled from AD 750 to AD 973.Tradition associate with this place with famous Telugu poet “Bheemakavi” but there is more definite proof of the famous Kannada poet “Pampa” living here as the court poet of Arikesari-II and dedicated his “Kannada Bharatha” to his royal patronage.Lakshmi Narasimha Swamy Temple situated at Nampally Gutta near Vemulawada is another noted holy shrine.

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28 https://medchal-malkajgiri.telangana.gov.in/మేడ్చల్-మల్కాజ్ గిరిజిల్లాMedchal-MalkajgiriDistrict History

https://sites.google.com/view/agnivahnikukutpally/medchal-malkajgiri-district-details

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medchal

Formation of the Medchal-Malkajgiri District

After taking over as the Chief Minister of Telangana, Sri KCR garu has taken a historic decision of reorganisation of state into 31 smaller district from erstwhile 10 big districts. Vide G.O.Ms. No. 249, Dated : 11.10.2016 as part of providing better decentralised administration to the people

Accordingly the Medchal−Malkajgiri District is formed as one of the 31 districts in the state on 11th October 2016. Keesara is the headquarter of the district. It has been carved out of the Ranga Reddy district and one of the 31 districts in the state of Telangana. The district is spread over an area of 1,089 square kilometres. As per 2011 census of India, the district is the second most populous of the state with a population of 24,60,095. The district has two revenue divisions of Keesara and Malkajgiri. They are further sub-divided into 14 mandals at the time of district formation and Muduchintalapally(m) has been carved out from Shamirpet(M) and hence there are 15 Mandals in total as on date which are 1. Alwal, 2. Bachupally, 3. Balanagar, 4. Dundigal – Gandimmaisamma, 5. Kukatpally, 6. Quthbullapur 7. Malkajgiri, 8. Keesara, 9. Ghatkesar, 10. Medipally, 11. Uppal, 12. Kapra, 13. Shamirpet, and 14. Medchal, 15.Muduchintalapally

The silent feature of the District.

District Profile

This is also the most urbanised district among the new districts formed on 11th October 2016. The district is encircled with the ORR (Outer Ring Road) and has good industrial, educational, pharmaceutical, agricultural and IT Hubs.

The District covers One (1) Parliamentary Constituency Viz Malkajgiri and five (5) Assembly constituencies fully i.e., 1. Malkajgiri, 2. Uppal, 3. Kukatpally, 4. Quthbullapur, 5. Medchal and (2) Assembly Constituencies partly i.e., 1. L.B Nagar and 2.Sherilingampally.

This District is covered with Rural (8.6%) and Urban (91.4%) area.
The Outer Ring Road (ORR) is dividing the District in to two parts. Geographical area of the District is 1089 Sq. Kms and bounded by Siddipet District at North side, Yadadri District at East side, Hyderabad and Rangareddy District at Southern side and Sangareddy & Rangareddy District at West side.

Total Population of the District is 24,60,095 and House Holds are 5,98,112 as per 2011 census. The House Holds as per SKS census 2014 is 7,68,525

Prominent are the Bulk Drug & Pharmaceutical units, Automobile, Construction based Industries are located in this District. There are major public sector units / Govt. of India organizations i.e., Nuclear Fuel Complex, ECIL, HAL, CCMB, NGRI, Dundigal air Force Academy BEL (Production Unit) Division, NRSA, etc in the District.
The prestigious Institutions like Institute of Public Enterprise (IPE), BITS PILANI – Hyderabad Campus, JNTU and NALSAR LAW University Hakimpet Air force Academy, Dundigal Airport, CISF Head Quarters etc., are existing in the District.
There are no Major and Medium surface Irrigation Projects in the District. However there are (7540) Minor Irrigation Tanks in the District. This District is a Major producer of Horticulture, Vegetables and Floriculture products, as such this district is catering mostly to the day today needs of Hyderabad – Secunderabad Cities .

Medical and Health services are being provided through 7 UPHCs, (2) Community health centers. Women & Child care services are provided through 793 Anganwadi centres

There are 415 Primary, 467 UPS, 993 High Schools in Government & Private sectors with enrolment of 552547 (64431) Junior Colleges, (248) Degree Colleges, (248) Engineering Colleges, (13) Polytechnic Colleges and (2) Medical College are existing in the District.
Sri Ramalingeshwara Swamy Temple located at Keesagiri in Keesara is an ancient and famous pilgrimage centre in the District.

The formation of smaller districts and establishment of Integrated Collectorate Complex near ORR Keesara with almost all district officers of government department has resulted in providing the better prompt services to the general public. Statistics are provided in Annexure-I.

This District consists of (162) Revenue Villages, (15) Mandals, (2) Revenue Divisions. There are (8) GHMC Circles, (13) Municipalities and (61) Gramapanchyaths in the District.

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29 https://nalgonda.telangana.gov.in/ नलगोंडा जिला / నల్గొండ జిల్లా NALGONDA DISTRICT History

Nalgonda is a district in the southern part of Telangana. The name has been derived from two Telugu words namely Nalla (Black) & Konda (Hill). Nalgonda was earlier called Neelagiri by Rajput rulers and later it was known as Nallagonda following the conquest by Bahamani king, Allauddin Bahaman Shah. The district is spread over an area of 2,449.79 square kilometers.

Deverakonda Fort

Presently in ruined state, Deverakonda Fort was once formidable being located amidst seven hills. Constructed around the 13th and 14th centuries, the fort was entirely under the control of Padma Nayaka Kings from 1287 AD to 1482 AD defeating all attempts made to conquer it. Though now in ruins, the fort tells a lot about the valiant kings of the past.

Nagarjuna Sagar Dam

Telangana owes its famous title ‘Rice Bowl of India’ to Nagarjuna Sagar Dam, which plays a lead role in making the lands of the state fertile. The 124-meter high dam is the tallest masonry dam in the world. This also ranks third in the largest man-made lakes of the world and it involved around 70,000 workers to complete the project. The dam came into use in 1972 after completion in the year 1969. The marvelous architecture involved in storing massive amount of the waters of Krishna River necessitates a visit to this place.

District Museum of Panagal

The District Heritage Museum, Panagal is a historical museum established in Panagal village in Nalgonda district, Telangana. It is located close to the historic Chaya Someswara Swamy Temple of Panagal village.The Panagal Museum was established in February 1982. It is at a distance of four kilometers from Nalgonda town. Panagal in Nalgonda was a place of religious importance during Kakatiya period. The temples here were erected in remembrance of the Kakatiya rulers’ beloved deity, Shiva. The total area of the museums complex is nearly 3 acres. There are many sculptures, prehistoric tools, coins, bronzes, beads, arms and weapons, copper plate inscriptions that are in display here. The objects displayed here were collected from excavations carried out in Vardamana Kota, Yeleswaram, Phanigiri, Panagal and many of them have also been acquired from the State Museum, Hyderabad, ranging from 2nd Century AD to 18th Century AD.

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30.యాదాద్రి భువనగిరి District History https://yadadri.telangana.gov.in/history/

Yadadri Bhuvanagiri district is a district in the Indian state of Telangana. The administrative headquarters is located at Bhongir. It was a part of the Nalgonda district before the re-organisation of districts in the state. The Bhuvanagiri District is associated with its fort which was built on an isolated rock. It is believed that the western Chalukya ruler Tribuvanamalla Vikramadithya – VI got the fort at this place constructed which was named after him as Tribhuvanagiri. The name subsequently became Bhuvanagiri and Bhongir. The fort is associated with the rule of the Kakatiya queen Rudramadevi and her Grandson Prataparudhra. The town was constituted as a city Municipality in the year 1910. Subsequently constituted as Municipality in the year of 1952. Bhongir is a fast growing town having spread over 31.12 sq. kms. It is situated at a distance of 67 kms from Nalgonda District HQ and distance of 48 kms from Hyd.

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31. https://suryapet.telangana.gov.in/history/ సూర్యపేట జిల్లా History

Suryapet district is carved out of erstwhile Nalgonda district. The district shares boundaries with Nalgonda, Yadadri, Khammam, Hanamkonda, Mahabubabad districts and the state of Andhra Pradesh.

The district comprises 23 mandals and 2 revenue divisions – Suryapet and Kodad The district headquarters is

located at Suryapet town.

Suryapet is historically famous for being a hotspot of the movement against Razakars in Telangana Armed Struggle. Suryapet is now a fast developing region with highly flourishing cement industries. The district having a vast expanse of river Krishna basin, witnesses a quite widespread agriculture while Nagarjuna Sagar left canal is its chief source of irrigation.

Suryapet is adorned by many Shivaite temples which were built during the Kakaitya rule and remind everyone of the glorious past of the area. At the heart of these attractions lies the 1000 year old Chennakeshava temple at Pillalamarri.

Phanigiri in Suryapet district is a place of historical and archaeological importance. It is a Buddhist monastic complex which is also known as Buddha Vihara. Around, 2000 years ago, the vast hillock in Phangiri accommodated a Buddhist monastery. Phanigiri derived its name from the shape that resembles a snake’s hood.

Undrugonda Laxminarsimha Swamy Temple, Mattapally Laxminarsimha Swamy Temple, Arvapally Laxminarsimha Swami Temple, Jatara at Peddagattu Lingamantula Swamy temple, Miryala SItaramachandra Swamy Temple, Suryapet Venkateshwara Swamy Temple, Dargahs at Janpahad, Arvapally are the other attractions of the district.

Suryapet town is a major road junction. It lies on the National Highway 65 and is located exactly between Hyderabad, the capital of Telangana and Vijayawada, the capital city of Andhra Pradesh. TSRTC operates buses from Suryapet to many major cities, towns and villages. Three more national highways which are Kodad and Huzurnagar are the other important towns in the district.

Phanigiri

Phanigiri is a Buddhist site that lies 84 km from the town of Nalgonda. The place is a recent discovery after the Department of Archaeology and Museums of Telangana did excavations at the place.

Phanigiri consists of a huge complex that has a large Stupa and two huge halls with stupas constructed in the halls as well. Taking in the sheer size of the site one can make out that the place served as a prominent Buddhist site. A unique site on the floor of the complex is large footprints and these foot prints are supposedly of Lord Buddha himself.

The complex also houses the three dwelling places of the Buddhist monks known as viharas. The Phanigiri Buddhist site stands at the top of a hill that is popular by the name of Serpent’s Hood Hill. The Hill has been so named because of its shape that reminds one of a serpent’s hood.

Pillalamarri

Pillalamarri is a small hamlet that comes under Suryapet district. The hamlet is famous for the many temples that were built by the Kakatiya Kings. The importance of this village is due to these beautiful temples that are a historical reminder of the glorious past of the village.

Peddagattu Jathara

Peddagattu or Gollagattu Jathara is the festival done in the name of Lord Lingamanthula Swamy and Goddess Choudamma, are offered various pujas during the five-day fete. Peddagattu (Gollagattu) is the second biggest religious congregation or Jathara in the state of Telangana after Sammakka Saralamma Jathara in Jayashankar Bhupalapally.

Though primarily the Yadava community takes part in huge numbers, people from all castes and religions from across Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu come to the place located just 5-km. from Suryapet. The festival is protected by Police and assisted by volunteers during 3-day period. According to history, this religious congregation has been celebrated since 16th century. Even it is still been celebrated with the Government funds. The festival is protected by police and assisted by volunteers during 3-day period. It is located in Durajpally village [Suburb in Suryapet Municipality], Suryapet District, Telangana state .

Sri Undrugonda Laxmi Narasimha Swami Devasthanam

Undrugonda is situated in Vallabhapuram village of Chivvemla Mandal, Nalgonda dist, Telangana state, India. It is located 12 kilometers from the town of Suryapet & 3 kilometers from national highway 65.It is an ancient Giridurgam (Hill fort) constructed initially by Vishnukundinulu in 5th century A.D and later developed by various dynasties up to now. It is a magnificent archaeological and spiritual pilgrimage center hosting different temples of which Sri Undrugonda Laxmi Narasimha Swamy is best worshiped adored by local public. Many fortifications, hillocks, valleys, lakes and greenery of the forest also make a very beautiful eco-tourist destination. Local philanthropic organizations have been trying to revive the name and fame of Undrugonda since 2002.

Yoga Narasimha Swamy Temple

Sri Lakshmi Narasimha Swamy Temple, an ancient one, on the banks of River Krishna is situated at Mattapally village in Mattampally Mandal of Suryapet district. It is at a distance of 215 km from Hyderabad and 150 km from Vijayawada and 45 km south of Kodad town on Hyderabad-Vijayawada high way. This is one of the Pancha (five) Narasimha Kshetras on the banks of River Krishna, the other four being Wadapally (Nalgonda), Vedadri (Krishna), Mangalagiri and Ketavaram (Guntur dist.). The presiding Deities here are Sri Yoga Lakshmi Narasimha, Sri Rajalakshmi Thaayaar and Sri Chenchu Lakshmi Thaayaar.

Jan Pahad Dargah

Jan Pahad Saidulu Dargah is a Dargah situated in Palakeedu Mandal in Suryapet district in Telangana, India. People from different religious faiths visit the holy shrine on the occasion of the annual Urs festival.The Dargah is built on the tomb of saint Moinuddin alias Shaheed and Jan Pahad Saidulu. Qawwali, Sandal Sharif ceremonial procession and other special rituals mark the Ur’s festivities.

Arvapally Dargah

Hazrath Khaja Naseeruddin Baba Dargah is a Dargah situated in Jajiredygudem Mandal in Suryapet in Telangana,India.People from different religious faiths visit the holy shrine on the occasion of the annual Urs festival. Qawwali, Sandal Sharif ceremonial procession and other special rituals mark the Ur’s festivities.

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32 https://rangareddy.telangana.gov.in/history/ రంగారెడ్డి జిల్లా History

Rangareddy district was formed on 15th August 1978(1 decade after I was born) by carving out some portion of Hyderabad urban taluk and the merger of the rural and urban areas of the remaining taluks of Hyderabad. Therefore the history of Rangareddy is no other than the history of Hyderabad which is detailed here. In the initial stage, the name of the district was Hyderabad (Rural). Later it was changed as Konda Venkata Rangareddy district and then as Rangareddy district. It was named after the doyen freedom fighter patriot and late Deputy Chief Minister ofAndhra pradesh K.V.Rangareddi.

The history of the district was inextricably bound up with the rise and fall of various kingdoms which flourished in the Deccan during the medieval and modern times. The Kakatiyas of Warangal were the first important rulers of this part of the country between1150-1323 A.D. Muhammad-bin-Tughlak who broke the Kakatiya power in 1323 A.D. held away for sometime after which the royal court of the Bahmani Sultans held the Deccan for about two centuries. On their decline, the Barid Shahi Kingdom rose to power which, for unknown reasons, dwindled by about 1609 A.D. Then came the famous Qutub Shahi’s ofGolconda (1512-1687) whose rule opened a glorious chapter in the annals of this district . It was in the reign of the 5th descendant of this dynasty, Muhammad Quli, that the nucleus of the Hyderabad city, renowned for its magnificent mansions, had been laid in 1589 A.D. However, towards the close of the 17th century the fortress of Golconda fell to the sword ofAurangzeb (1687) who made it a part and parcel of the Mughal Empire and nominated ChinKalich Khan (Asaf Jah) as Subedar of the Deccan, who in turn, made himself the master ofthe Deccan after inflicting a signal defeat on Mubariz Khan, who was secretly instructed by the Mughal Emperor, in the famous battle of Shakarkheda fought on the 11th October, 1724.This battle which was renamed Fathkhera by the Nizam-ul-Mulk marks the establishment of the Asaf Jahi Dynasty and with it the establishment of an autonomous Deccan. It also marksthe end of the Medieval period in the history of the Deccan and the commencement of theModern period which was identical with the end of the Mughal hegemony and the definiteestablishment of the Asaf Jahi rule. The State and the dynasty so founded by Asaf Jah-I had witnessed many eventful things in the evolution of the Hyderabad State. He also instituted thetitle of the Nizam which had become since then the hereditary and dynastic title of the successive rulers of this State and thus he became the founder of the house of the Nizams(1724). Thereafter, the district remained a part of the Nizam’s Dominions until it became a part of the Indian Union in 1948. It was finally merged in the enlarged State of AndhraPradesh on the 1st November, 1956 when the Sovereign, independent Republic of India implemented the States’, Reorganisation Act with a view to redraw the political map of India,delimiting and alienating the boundaries of the States so as to weld together the peoplespeaking the same language.

The District is located in the Central Part of the Deccan Plateau and lies between 160 30` and 180 20` of North Latitude and 770 30` and 790 30` of East Longitudes. The District is bounded on the North by Medak District, East by Nalgonda District, South by Mahaboobnagar District, West by Gulbarga Dt & North West of Bidar Dt of Karnataka State.

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33 https://vikarabad.telangana.gov.in/history/ వికారాబాద్ జిల్లా History

Vikarabad District Formed on 11.10.2016. The district is spread over an area of 3,386.00 square kilometres (1,307.34 sq.mi). It’s boundaries shared by the districts with Sangareddy, Rangareddy, Mahaboobnagar of Telangana state and the Karnataka state. As of 2011 Census of India, the district has a population of 927,140.

Vikarabad District formed with 18 mandals from erstwhile Rangareddy and Mahaboobnagar Districts and divided into 2 Revenue Divisions. Vikarabad Revenue Division formed with Marpalle, Mominpet, Nawabpet, Vikarabad, Pudur, Kulkacherla, Doma, Pargi, Dharur, Kotepally, Bantwaram mandals from Rangareddy District. Tandur Revenue Division formed with Basheerabad, Doulthabad, Tandur, Peddemul, Yelal mandals from Rangareddy District and Kodangal, Bommaraspet mandals from Mahaboobnagar District.

Ananthagiri hills, one of the most attractive tourist spots in Telangana is the pride of Vikarabad district. Anantagiri hills, the birthplace of river Musi that flows through the city of Hyderabad, attract many nature lovers who are enthralled by the mesmerizing beauty of the hills.

The ancient Anantha Padmanabha Swamy Temple which is located in Ananthagiri hills draws many visitors. Lord Vishnu is in the form of Sri Anantha Padmanabha Swamy and Ananthagiri is named after the main deity. The district is also home for many other temples viz. Pambanda Ramlingeshwara Temple, Bhavigi Bhadreshwara Temple, Bugga Rameshawaram, Bhukailas, Ekambareshawar, Jhuntupally Rama and Kodangal Venkateshwara Swamy temples.

Projects such as Kotipally, Jhuntupally, Laknapur, Sarpan Pally cater to the irrigation needs of the district besides being the places of tourists’ interest.

Tandur, one of the important towns in the district, is the industrial hub of the district. Tandur is the main producer and distributor for blue & yellow limestone. Tandur is also famous for Redgram (Pigeon pea) production. Laterite and other stone mines, cement factories and many toor dal mills located in and around Tandur employ many.

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