Link to website listing Lancashire words - https://folkcustoms.co.uk/a-glossary-of-lancashire-dialect/
Acre : Unit of area standardised by Edward I at 40 rods x 4 rods but this varied in different parts of the country. Today it is 4840 sq yds or 4072 sq metres
Acre Tax : Drainage Tax of 1787
advowson : Right to presentation to an ecclesiastical benefice.
affeerer : Officer of the manorial court whose duty it was to assess monetary penalties.
agist : To pasture or to pay for pasture. (usually at a fixed price)
agnate : Any male relation on the father's side.
Alienation : the transfer of a holding by sale rather than by inheritance. A feudal tenant was unable to alienate without licence from the lord (the King in this case) who would collect a fee from granting the transfer.
Apothecary derives from apotheca - a place where spices, herbs and wines were stored. From C13th, the name came to mean a person who stocked these items and sold them from a shop or a street stall.
Attornment - Transfer of tenant's dues after death of previous landlord
board - a flat wooden surface such as a table top (supports usually noted separately)
boll - a grain measure of 2 to 6 bushels or 140lbs
boyler - cooking vessel of iron, tin or cooper - an early form of saucepan or kettle
Cartbote right to take wood to make or repair carts.
chaldron - measure of a volume of coal equal to 25.5 cwt (36 bushels)
close stool – commode with a pan
Clove of gillyflower (cloves) at Easter " : The witnesses to such deeds were chosen carefully being people of standing in the community. Other witnesses would be adjoining landowners and tenants who could vouch directly for the transaction.
cob & lid - wicker basket with lid to carry on the arm
Coinage (English) : There were no coins equal to £ or shillings until Henry VII's reign. [12 d (pence) = 1 s (shilling); 20 shillings = £1]. For accounting marks were used worth 13s 4d (ie 2/3rd of £1); a noble was worth 6s 8d (ie 1/3rd £1 & half a mark); quarter noble was worth £1s 8d; the grout was worth 4 pence; In the C15th a master craftsman might earn 6d a day. One pound (£1) in 1450 would be worth about £1217 in 2019. A mark = about £811
Common of pasture was the right to pasture cattle on common land.
Court of Wards and Liveries : A Court formed in 1540 that administered funds received by the Crown for its right of wardship, marriage and livery. Land held of the Crown in chief, either by Knight Service or Grand Serjeanty was subject to Royal guardianship if it fell by inheritance to a son under 21 or a daughter under 14. The Crown had the right to the management and profits of it until either the minority ended or the ward was given in marriage during minority. The Crown also had the right to choose a spouse !
croft - piece of enclosed ground for tillage or pasture - usually arable near a house.
Deer : Red Deer : Adult male - staggs; 4th year male - staggarts; Adult female - hinds; offspring - calves.
Fallow Deer (smaller than red deer) : Adult male - Bucks; 4th year male - Sores; 3rd year male - Sorrel; Adult female - Does; Offspring - Fawns
def : is short for defendant or deforciant. (also see Quer)
demesne : Part of a piece of land retained by the Lord of the Manor for his own use, with the rest being tenanted or used for common or waste.
delph : quarry (from OE "delf")
escheat - a legal process, now abolished, whereby tenure of land used to revert to the Crown in the case of freehold property and to the Lord of the Manor in copyhold, on the tenant's death without heirs.
essoin - Lawful excuse - an excuse for failure to attend the King's court when summoned.
ewer - pitcher with a wide spout for carrying water
executor - person charged with duty of carrying out the terms of a will.
Fee An area of jurisdiction of a lord of the manor. "in fee" : means hereditarily; fee simple was a freehold estate in land ehich passed at death to the common law heir.
Feoffment The act of granting a fee in trust; the deed conveying the gift
Fill Dyke the month of February
Firebote right to take wood for fuel.
flaxen - cloth made from flax of various quality - common cloth called brown the best called Holland
Flitch the side of an animal, salted & cured
flock bed – bed stuffed with wool & bits of cloth etc
Fodge small bag of wool fleeces left over - not enough to make a full bag of 240lbs
Foldbote right to take wood to make sheep folds.
forest : For centuries the word forest meant a place of deer rather than trees. The owner of the forest had rights to keep deer, appoint forest officials, hold Forest Courts and collect fines. Forests were also commons with pre existing common rights for landowners and commoners (i.e. to pasture and for woodcutting etc).
fosse, vallum and pale : ditch, earth bank and fence used to enclose deer paks and restrict the movement of deer thus improving their quality and to enable easier hunting. These enclosures were also used to breed horses and to graze cattle. Pre-conquest enclosures had been on a smaller scale with launds being level tracts of land free from wood and fenced with haiaes or heys / hays. Hey is often to be found in the Lancashire area suffixed to a name.
Gelding - a castrated horse
Gelt sheep - a castrated sheep
Giest / gyste - pasture let out during the summer for cattle at a fixed price per head
Gimlin - large shallow tub for salting bacon
Gipsey Yorkshire term for spring that suddenly appears
Girdle - a chain made of precious metals and worn around the waist with an end hanging almost to the ground
God's penny small payment made to seal a bargain or money given to hire a servant
Gressums : sums or payments arising due to a new lord of the manor or new tenant.
Haybote right to take wood to make/repair fences.
Hide 1) A land measure outside the Danelaw that varied according to region from 60 to 100 acres.
Hide 2) A peasant's land holding - varied depending on land quality : better quality = smaller. Amount considered adequate to support one free family.
Hide : 3) was originally the area of land that an eight-ox team pulling one plough could complete in a year. This area varied with the quality and nature of the soil. It could vary between 60 - 180 acres. A bovate or oxgang was an eighth of this area.
Hogget 1) Young sheep not yet shorn; 2) swine reared for slaughter
Hollen Wall about two & a half yards high used to internally shield draughts.
Homage Pledge or loyalty sworn bt tenants to their lord of the manor. A formal submission of tenant to lord was undertaken in return for a fee.
Honour aggregation of manors
Housebote right to take wood to build/repair houses.
jacke – device for turning a spit.
Jack's land scraps of land mostly unuseable in a common field
jagger horse - pack horse
jointure - property settled on a woman at marriage to be hers on the decease of her husband.
Laithe - a barn
Lancashire dialect & words : http://folkcustoms.co.uk/a-glossary-of-lancashire-dialect/
Lease and release - was the post medieval transfer of property by granting a lease for a year and then releasing the grantor's rights the following day.
Light - probably a pane of glass from a leaded window.
Lordship is a manorial holding.
Manor : an estate held by a landlord, who himself was a tenant of the Crown or of a mesne Lord. A manor could be large enough to spread over several parishes. The Lord of the Manor retained part of the land called "demesne", for his own use, with the rest being tenanted or used for common or waste.
lumber – disused articles of furniture (odds and ends)
noggin - small drinking vessel holding 1/4 of a pint
pannage right to feed pigs in manorial woods.
Parson - is derived from the Latin persona and literally means an important member of the parish.
Pattenmakers : Company of the City of London received its Royal Charter in 1670 although it was founded in the C14th. Pattenmakers made wooden “undershoes” which were rather like clogs and protected shoes against the mud in the streets. Easily confused with pattern maker !
piggin – small wooden vessel or pail with one long stave to serve as a handle
piscary right to fish in manorial waters.
ploughbote right to take wood to make/repair ploughs.
quer : is an abbreviation of querent or plaintiff and def is obviously short for defendant or deforciant.
The Quarter days and Rent days through the year were:
Lady Day : March 25th. (Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin)
Michaelmas : September 29th (Feast of St Michael & All Angels)
Christmas : December 25th. (Feast of the Nativity)
Midsummer : July 6th (up to AD 1754 thereafter June 24th)
Rendering of a rose" was simply a formal acknowledgement of a nominal rent in kind being paid.
salter : a deer leap which allowed wild deer to leap into the park but not to escape.
Surrenderor : person conveying the property
Surrendereee : person receiving the property
thegn : a person who held the land as a freeman
turbary : right to dig on common land for peat or turf for fuel.
turkey : woolen material woven in the same way as a Turkish carpet
vaccaries : stock rearing farms from the latin vacca : cow
voyder : basket used to clear the table of dirty dishes and broken food
wapentake : Danelaw for a "Hundred"
Wyandotte : a breed of chicken originating in the United States.