Embedded Files
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
compose clear and coherent sentences using appropriate perfect aspect of verbs.
plan a two- to three-paragraph composition using an outline/other graphic organizers.
SUCCESS CRITERIA:
compose clear and coherent sentences using appropriate perfect aspect of verbs.
plan a two- to three-paragraph composition using an outline/other graphic organizers.
DISCUSSION:
A. REVIEW:
Progressive Aspect of Verb.
B. Read this short essay written by a teenager reminiscing about his younger years.
Since I was in Kindergarten, I have wondered about how it would feel like to be a teenager. I have watched my older cousins become less interested in
physical play and become quieter through the years. My favorite cousin, Kyle, has even chosen not to play with us anymore! I thought then, “If it means
not wanting to play anymore, I don’t want to be a teenager, ever!”
But now that I am a teenager myself, I have become less judgmental toward teenagers. I have seen for myself how things have become more complicated. Dealing with friends, family, and handling varied emotions, have given rise to more concerns to think about. Maybe that’s why my cousins were quieter then.I’m just very blessed that I have been loved and understood more than usual by my parents and siblings. They have made my adjustment from childhood to these teenage years more bearable. Remembering my past feelings, I made a promise to my younger cousins that even if I’m a teenager now, I will find the time to play with them whenever we’re together. “Kuya will always be here,” I promised.
Take a look at the highlighted phrases in the essay: have wondered, have watched, has chosen, have become, have seen etc. How different are they
from the simple and progressive tenses? What are these verb phrases with has and have expressing?
The Present Perfect Aspect
Like in the essay read, we use the present perfect form of the verb when...
1. we talk about experiences that have happened in our lives.
Examples:
I have seen this poster before.
My father has given me my allowance
for the week already.
Have you read this book?
I have read it and I love it!
2. we talk about an action that has started in the past and continues up to the present. Time expressions like since and for are used to say how long the
action has been going on.
Examples:
We have been best friends for five years now.
Aleli has seen Rina’s courage and faith for some time now.
Steff and Sab have chosen their song for this contest since last month.
Here is a quick guide on how to form the present perfect aspect of the verb and to follow correct subject-verb agreement:
The present perfect aspect of the verb is made up of an auxiliary/helping verb (has or have) and a past participle*. Using has or have depends on whether the subject is singular or plural.
If the subject in the sentence is singular, use the auxiliary verb has.
Example:
Anton has chosen his topic for the
report for a quite sometime now.
If the subject in the sentence is plural, use the auxiliary verb have.
Example:
Most of Carl's classmates have given
words of encouragement.
Remember!
To form the present perfect tense, just put together the auxiliary verb and the past participle form* of the main verb.
has/have + past participle form of the verb
*How do you form the past participle?
Regular verbs, like study, participate, and join form their past participle by just adding -d/-ed.
Examples:
I have studied since 8 this morning.
My friend has participated in more
than ten contests.
We have joined this dance group since
last year.
Irregular verbs, however, change their spellings.
Here are some examples of irregular verbs and their past participles that are used with has and have:
Other time expressions that we can use with the present perfect tense are: today, this week, this month, ever, never, already, recently, yet, etc.
Examples:
I have not seen Beverly today.
Have you ever written an application letter?
I have never stood in front of a large crowd before.
The Past Perfect Aspect
Sometimes, we want to talk about two actions that happened in the past.
For example:
André had worn his school uniform before he realized it was Sunday.
The narrator in that sentence was talking about two things that have already happened (André wearing his uniform and him realizing it was a Sunday). Between these two actions, one action happened first before the other.
The first action is expressed with the auxiliary verb had and the past participle form of the verb (in the example above, it is had worn), and the second
action is just expressed in the simple past tense (realized). The first action is in the past perfect aspect.
The past perfect aspect is used when you want to express two actions that happened in the past but you want to stress that one action happened first. Here
is a timeline to make you understand the past perfect aspect better.
Here are some examples of sentences using the past perfect aspect. Can you determine which action happened first?
1. Nyna had run to the playground before Eena shouted, “Stop!”
2. Jax and Jayden had already built the train set when Cholo brought in the colored lights.
3. Mara had spilled the water on her clothes before Camille put the apron on her.
Page updated
Google Sites
Report abuse