Latin

ab, â, abs (L) 'away (from), off, from' (*apo-): AB-, ABS-. G ab-. It de. F à (as in à droite).

abdômen (L) 'belly': ABDOMEN. F abdomen.

Abella (L), name of a town in ancient Italy (*abel-): AVELLAN. It avellana, avellano. F aveline, avelinier. Sp avellana, avellano, avellanado, avellanar. Pg avellâ.

abiês (L) 'the silver fir, objects made of fir': ABIET-, ABIETATE, ABIETIC. It abeto. Sp abeto. Pg abeto.

abolêre (L) 'to destroy, retard the growth of' (ab + *al-3): ABOLISH, ABOLITION. G Abolition. F abolir, abolitionnisme.

aborîginês (L), pl. name of the pre-Roman inhabitants of Italy: ABORIGINAL, ABORIGINES. It aborigeni. F aborigène. Sp aborigenes. Pg aborigenes.

absurdus (L) 'discordant, away from the right sound, harsh': ABSURD. G absurd. F absurde. Sp zurdo.

accipiter (L) 'hawk': ACCIPITER, ACCIPITRAL. It accertello, astore. F autour. Sp acetrero, azor. Pg açor.

acer (L) 'maple': HAREWOOD. G Aehre.

âcer (L) 'sharp, pointed, biting (of taste)' (*ak-): ACERATE, ACRID, ACRIMONY, EAGER, VINAIGRETTE, VINEGAR. It agretta, agro. F âcre, acrimonie, aigre, besaigre, griotte, vinaigre. Sp agracero, agraz, agrazon, agriar, agrio. Pg agraço, agriâo, agro.

acerbus (L) 'sour, bitter, acid' (*ak-): ACERB, ACERBIC, ACERBITY, EXACERBATE. It acerbo, cerboneca, cervastro. F acerbe, acerbité, exacerbation. Sp cermeña.

acervus (L) 'heap, pile, (large) quantity': ACERVATE, ACERVULUS.

acêtum (L) 'sour wine, vinegar' (*ak-): ACETABULUM, ACETIC, ACETUM, ACETYLENE, ESTER. G Essig. It aceto, acetosa. F acétique, acéto-, acétylène. Sp acedera, acedo. Pg azedinha, azedo.

acidus (L) 'sour, bitter, acid' (*ak-): ACID. It acido. F acide, aciduler, oseille. Sp ácido. Pg acido, aziume.

acinus (L) '(grape) seed': ACINACEOUS, ACINARIOUS, ACINIFORM, ACINUS. It acino. F aînette, aisne.

acuere (L) 'to sharpen to a point,' hence pp. acutus 'sharpened, pointed' and other derivatives of the same base such as aciês 'sharpness, edge,' acus 'needle' (*ak-): ACICULA, ACUITY, ACULEATE, ACULEUS, ACUMEN, ACUMINATE, ACUPUNCTURE, ACUTE, AGUE, AIGLET, AIGUILLE, EGLANTINE. G akut. It acciaio, acuto, ago, agora, agoraio, aguccia. F acérer, acier, acuité, aigu, aiguille, aiguillon, aiguiser. Sp acero, acucia, acuciar, agudo, aguja, agujón. Pg açeiro, acuça, acuçar, aco, agudo.

acus (L) 'chaff, husk of grain or beans' (*ak-): ACEROSE.

ad (L) 'to, toward' (*ad-): A-, AC-, AD, AD-, AF-, AG-, AV-. G ad-. It a. F à. Sp a. Pg a.

adagium (L) 'proverb' (ad + der. of defective verb aiô 'to say yes, affirm, say' < *êg-): ADAGE.

addax (L), kind of antelope: ADDAX.

adeps (L) 'animal fat': ADIPOSE. F adipeux.

adûlârî (L) 'to fawn, flatter': ADULATION. F adulation.

adulter (L) 'one who approaches another unlawfully, adulterer,' hence adulterâre 'to commit adultery with, pollute' (ad + *al-1): ADULTERATE, ADULTERINE, ADULTERY. F adultérer.

aedês, aedis (L) orig. 'hearth,' then 'dwelling, house, temple' (*aidh-): AEDILE, EDIFICATION, EDIFICE, EDIFY. It edificio, editore. F édicule, édifice, édifier, édile. Pg eivigar.

aemulus (L) 'striving to equal, rival, emulous, jealous,' rel. to imâgô, imitârî: EMULATE, EMULOUS. F émule.

aequus (L) 'uniform, even, level, equal': ADEQUATE, EQUABLE, EQUAL, EQUANIMITY, EQUATE, EQUATION, EQUATOR, EQUI-, EQUITY, INIQUITY. G adäquat, egal, eichen, Äquator. It avale, gualivo, uguagliare, uguale. F aiguail, égailler, égal, égalité, adéquat, équateur, équation, équi-. Sp igual. Pg galivar, igual.

aes (L) 'copper, bronze, or brass': AENEOUS, AERUGINOUS, AERUGO, ERA. G Ära. F airain, ère.

aestâs (L) 'heat, summer' (*aidh-): ESTIVAL. It estate, stio. F estival, été. Sp estío. Pg estiar, estío.

aestimâre (L) 'to appraise, judge': AIM, ESTEEM, ESTIMATE. It stima, stimare. F estimer. Sp asmar.

aestus (L) 'burning heat' (especially of the sun), hence 'agitation of the sea (as if boiling), swell, surge, tide' (*aidh-): ESTUARY. F estuaire, étiage, étier. Sp estero. Pg esteiro.

aetâs (L) 'age' (*aiw-): AGE, COETANEOUS. It età. F âge. Sp edad. Pg idoso, dioso.

aeternus (L) 'that which lasts a lifetime, eternal' (*aidh-): ETERNAL, ETERNITY, SEMPITERNAL. F éternel.

ager (L) 'field, domain, territory, land' (*agro-): AGRARIAN, AGRESTAL, AGRICULTURE, AIR, PEREGRINE, PILGRIM. G Agrar-, Agricultur. It gnaresta. F agraire, agreste, agricole.

agere (L) 'to push, drive, lead, do, act' (*ag-): ACT, ACTION, ACTOR, ACTUAL, ACTUARY, AGENCY, AGENDA, AGENT, AGILE, AGITATE, AMBAGE, AMBIGUOUS, ASSAY, CACHE, CACHET, CHASTEN, COAGULATE, COGENT, COGITATE, ESSAY, EXACT, EXAMINE, EXIGENT, EXIGUOUS, -GATE (as in FUMIGATE, OBJURGATE), INTRANSIGENT, PRODIGAL, PURGATORY, PURGE, REACT, SQUAT, SWAT, TRANSACT. Norw aka. Sw åka. Da age. G Agent, agieren, agil, Agitation, aktiv, Akt, Akten, Akteur, Aktie, Aktion, Aktionär, aktuell, exakt, Examen, reagieren, Reaktion, Transaktion. It agente, assaggiare, atteggiare, atto, cagliare, caglio, castigare, fumicare, gastigare, lazzo, qualgliare, quatto, saggio, sciame. F acte, acteur, actif, action, actuaire, actuel, agence, agenda, agent, agile, agir, agiter, ambages, ambigu, cacher, cachet, cachot, cailler, caillette, caillot, châtier, écacher, essai, essaim, essayer, exact, exacteur, examen, examiner, exiger, exigu, examen, fumiger, fustiger, intransigeant, litige, naviger, objurgation, outrecuidance, prodigue, purgatif, purgatoire, purger, rétroactif, transaction. Sp acacharse, agacharse, asayar, auto, cachar, cacho, castigar, cuajar, cuajo, cuidado, cuidar, enjambre, enjambrar, ensayo, gacho, humear. Pg agacharse, auto, castigar, coalhar, coalho, cuidado, cuidar, ensaio, enxame, enxamear, fumear.

agmen (L) 'a driving movement, moving mass, army on the march' (*ag-): AGMINATE.

agnus (L) 'lamb' (*agwh-no-): AGNUS_DEI. It agnello, agnellotti, agno. F agneau, agnus-castus, agnus dei. Pg anho, aninho.

âla (L) 'point of articulation (axis) of the arm or wing,' hence 'armpit, upper arm, shoulder, wing,' dim. axilla 'armpit' (*aks-): AISLE, ALA, ALARY, ALATE, ALIFORM, ALULA, AXIL, AXILLA. It ala, aleggiare, alia, aliare, ascella. F aile, aisselle, haleter. Sp ala, aladarc, alar, alero, aslilla, islilla.

alacer (L) 'lively, enthusiastic, joyful': ALACRITY, ALLEGRO. G allegro. It allegro. F alacrité, allègre, allégro. Sp alegre. Pg alegre.

Albiôn (L), an old name for Britain: ALBION.

albus (L) '(dull) white' (*albho-): ABELE, ALB, ALBEDO, ALBESCENT, ALBINO, ALBITE, ALBUM, ALBUMEN, AUBADE, AUBURN, DAUB. Du abeel. G Albe, Albino, Album. It alba, albagia, albuccio. F albinos, album, albumine, aubade, aube, aubin. Sp alba. Pg alba, alvarinha, alvela, alveola, alva, alvo.

alchahest (ML) 'universal solvent of alchemists': ALKAHEST.

âlea (L) 'game of dice, game of chance': ALEATORY. It aliosso.

Alemannî (LL), pl. Germanic tribal name perhaps meaning orig. 'all men': ALEMANNI, ALEMANNIC. It alamanna, allemanda. F allemand. Sp alamanda. Pg alamanda.

alere (L) 'to nourish' (*al-3): ADOLESCENT, ADULT, ALIBLE, ALIMENT, ALIMONY, ALMA_MATER, ALTRICAL, ALUMNUS, COALESCE. G Alimente. F adolescent, adulte, aliment.

alga (L) 'seaweed': ALGAE. G Alge. It aliga. F algue. Sp algazo. Pg argaço.

algêre (L) 'to be cold': ALGID. F algide.

alius (L) 'other (of more than two)' (*al-1): ALIAS, ALIBI, ALIEN, ALIENATE, ALIQUOT, ALIUNDE, HIDALGO. G alias, Alibi. F alias, alibi, aliéné, aliéner, aubaine.

allium (L) 'garlic': ALLIACEOUS, ALLIUM. It aglio. F ail. Sp ajo. Pg alho.

allôdium (ML) 'estate held in absolute ownership' (< Gmc < *al-5 + *ôd 'property,' hence orig. 'entire property'): ALLODIUM.

almanach, almanac (ML) 'almanac': ALMANAC. G Almanach. F almanach.

Alpês (L), pl. 'the Alps': ALPINE, ALPS. G. Alp, Alpen. It alpi.

altâria (L), pl. 'place for burning sacrificial offerings, altar': ALTAR. Norw altar. Sw altare. Da alter. G Altar. It altare. F autel. Sp altar, otero. Pg altar.

alter (L) 'one of two, other of two' (*al-1): ADULTERATE, ADULTERINE, ADULTERY, ALTER, ALTERCATION, ALTERNATE, ALTRUISM, SUBALTERN. G altera pars, alterato, Alter ego, Alternation, alternieren, Alternative, altruistisch. It alternativa, altresì, altrettale, altrettanto, altrieri, altro, altrove. F altercation, alter ego, altérer, alterne, altruisme, autre, autrui. Sp otro, otrosí, otrotal, otro tanto. Pg outro, outrosim, outrotal, outro tanto.

altus (L) 'high, deep,' orig. pp. of alere (*al-3): ALT, ALTIMETER, ALTITUDE, ALTO, ALTO-, ENHANCE, EXALT, HAUTBOY, HAUTEUR, HAUGHTY, HAWSER, OBOE. G Alt, Altan, exaltiert. It altana, altezza, altiero, alto, alzare. F altesse, altier, altitude, alto, exalter, exaucer, hausser, haut, hautain, hautin. Sp alteza, altivo, alto, otear, otero. Pg alto, outâo, outar, outeiro.

alûmen (L) 'alum': ALUM, ALUMINUM. G Alaun, Aluminium. It allume. F alun. Sp alumbre, relumbre. Pg pedra hume.

alvus (L) 'intestinal cavity, belly,' also 'beehive' (*aulo-): ALVEOLUS. It alberello, albone, alveare. F auge, auget.

amârus (L) 'bitter': AMARELLE, MARASCA, MARASCHINO. It amarasca, amaricare, amaro, rammaricarsi, rammarico. F amer, marasquin, merise. Sp almiron, amargar, amargo, amargon, amargor, amargoso, amarillo. Pg almeirâo, amarelo, amargar, amargo, amargor, amargoso.

ambactus (L) 'envoy, vassal, servant' (< Celtic < *ambhi- + *ag-): AMBASSADOR, EMBASSY. G Amt. It ambasciata, ambascia. F ambassade. Sp ambajada. Pg ambaixada.

ambi-, amb-, am-, an- (L) 'around, about, on both sides' (*ambhi): AMBI-. G amb-, ambi-. F ambi-.

ambô (L) 'both' (*ambhô): AMBSACE. It ambedue, amendue, ambi. F ambesas. Sp ambos. Pg ambos.

ambulâre (L) 'to go around, take a walk' (ambi- + *al-2): ALLEY, AMBLE, AMBULANCE, AMBULATORY, ANDANTE, FUNAMBULIST, PERAMBULATE, PRAM, PREAMBLE, PURLIEU. G Allee, allez, Allüren, ambulant, Ambulanz, andante. It ambiare, ambulatorio, andare. F aller, amble, ambulant, andante, préalable. Pg ambrar.

amicia (ML) 'linen vestment': AMICE.

amîcus (L) 'friend' (see amma): AMIABLE, AMICABLE, AMIGO, AMITY, ENEMY, INIMICAL. It amichevole, amico, amistà. F ami, amiable, amical, amitié. Sp amigo, amistad. Pg amigo, amizade.

amita (L) 'paternal aunt, aunt' (see amma): AUNT. Norw amma. Da amme. F tante.

amma (ML) 'mother, wet nurse' (< L *amma, whence also amâre, amita, amîcus): AMAH. G Amme, Hebamme. Sp ama. Pg ama.

ammentum (L) 'thong, strap': AMENT. Sp amentar. Pg amentar.

amoenus (L) 'pleasant': AMENITY. F amène.

amplus (L) 'wide, large, spacious': AMPLE, AMPLIATION, AMPLIFY, AMPLITUDE, AMPLY. It ampiare, ampio. F ample. Sp ancho. Pg ancho.

amulêtum (L) 'charm, amulet': AMULET. G Amulett. F amulette.

anculus (L) 'servant' (ambi- + *kwel-1): ANCILLARY.

angere (L) 'to squeeze, choke' (*angh-): ANXIOUS.

Anglî (L), pl. name of a Low German tribe, the Angles (< Gmc, prob. < *ank-): ANGLE, ANGLICAN, ANGLICISM, ANGLICIZE, ANGLO-.

anguis (L) 'snake' (*angwhi-): ANGUILLIFORM, ANGUINE. It anguilla. F anguille. Sp anguila. Pg enguia.

angulus (L) 'angle, corner' (*ank-): ANGLE, ANGULAR. It angolo. F angle. Sp angulo. Pg angulo.

angustus (L) 'narrow' (*angh-): ANGUISH. Norw ang, anger. Sw ånger. It angoscia, angosciare. F angoisse, angoisser. Sp angostar, angosto, congojar, congost. Pg cangosta, congosta, congoxar.

anima (L) 'soul, spirit, life, breath' and animus 'reason, mind' (*anª-): ANIMA, ANIMADVERT, ANIMAL, ANIMATE, ANIMATO, ANIMISM, ANIMOSITY, ANIMUS, EQUANIMITY, LONGANIMITY, MAGNANIMOUS, PUSILLANIMOUS, UNANIMOUS.

annus (L) 'year': ANNALS, ANATE, ANNUAL, ANNUITY, ANNIVERSARY, BIENNIUM, DECENNIUM, MILLENIUM, OCTENNIAL, PERENNIAL, QUADRENNIUM, QUINDECENNIAL, QUINQUENNIUM, SEPTENNIAL, SEXENNIAL, SUPERANNUATED, TRIENNIUM, VICENNIAL. G Annalen, Anno, Biennale. It annata, anno. F an, annal, antan. Sp añejo, año, añojal, añojo. Pg annejo, anno, annojo.

ânsa (L) 'handle`: ANSA, ANSATE. F anse. Sp asa. Pg aza.

ânser (L) 'goose' (*ghans-): ANSERINE, MERGANSER.

antae (L), pl. 'pair of pillars framing a door, pilasters': ANTA, IN_ANTIS.

ante (L) 'opposite, in front, before, against' (*ant-): ADVANCE, ADVANTAGE, ANCIENT, ANTE, ANTE-, ANTERIOR, VANGUARD, VANTAGE. G Avance, avancieren, Avantgarde. It anti, anzi, anziano, avanzare, avanti, davanti, dinanzi, vantaggio. F ancien, avancer, avant, devant, devancer. Sp antes, avantal, avante, avanzar, ventaja. Pg anciâo, antes, avançar, avantal, avante, avental, ventagem.

antemna (L), later antenna 'sailyard': ANTENNA. G Antenne. It antenna. F antenne. Sp antena. Pg antea.

antimônium (ML), kind of metal: ANTIMONY. F antimoine.

antîquus (L) 'coming before, in front, former' (*ant- + *okw-): ANTIC, ANTIQUARY, ANTIQUE. G antik, Antiquär.

antîquus (L) 'coming before, in front, former' (*ant- + *okw-, orig. 'seen before'): ANTIC, ANTIQUARY, ANTIQUE. G antik, Antike, Antiquär. It antica, antico. F antiquaille, antiquaire, antique. Sp antiguo. Pg antigo.

anus (L) 'old woman': ANILE. G Ahn, Enkel.

ânus (L) 'ring': ANNULAR, ANNULET, ANNULUS, ANUS. F anus.

apere (L) 'to fasten, attach' (*ap-1): ADAPT, APT, APTITUDE, ATTITUDE, INEPT, LARIAT. It atticciato, attitudine. F adapter, apte, aptitude, attitude. Sp atado, atar. Pg atado, atar.

aperîre (L) 'to uncover, open' (*apo- + *wer-5): APERIENT, APERITIF, APERITVE, APERT, APERTURE, MALAPERT, OVERT, OVERTURE, PERT. G Aperitif, Overture. It apertura, aprire. F apéritif, ouvert, ouverture, ouvrir. Sp abertura, abrir, abrojo. Pg abertura, abrir, abrolho.

aperîre (L) 'to uncover, open' (*apo- + *wer-5): APERIENT, APERITIF, APERITVE, APERT, APERTURE, MALAPERT, OVERT, OVERTURE, PERT. G Aperitif.

apex (L) 'top, summit' (*ap-1 via 'something reached'): APEX, APICAL.

apis (L) 'bee': APIAN, APIARY, APICULTURE, APIVOROUS. It ape, apone, pecchia. F abeille, apicole, avette. Sp abeja, abejon. Pg abelha, abelhâo, abelhudo.

apîscî (L) 'to attain' (*ap-1): ADEPT. F adepte.

Aprîlis (L) 'April': APRIL. G April. It aprile. F avril. Sp abril. Pg abril.

aqua (L) 'water' (*akwâ-): AQUA, AQUA-, AQUARELLE, AQUARIUM, AQUARIUS, AQUATIC, AQUEDUCT, AQUEOUS, AQUI-, EWER, GOUACHE, SEWER. G Aquädukt, Aquamarin, Aquarell, Aquaristik, Aquarium, Aquavit. It acqua, acquaio, acquaiuolo, acquavite, acquidoccio, acquidotto, guazzo. F aiguade, aigue-marine, aiguière, aquafortiste, aquarelle, aquarium, aqua-tinta, aquatique, aqueduc, eau, eau-de-vie, éverole, évier, gouache. Sp agua, aguadija, aguaje, aguamanil, aguardiente, aguera. Pg agoa, aguadilha, aguagem, aguardiente, agueiro, gormil.

aquila (L) 'eagle': AQUILINE, EAGLE, EAGLET. It aquila. F aigle. Sp águila. Pg aguia.

aquilêia, aquilêgia (ML), kind of plant, 'columbine': AQUILEGIA. G Akelei. F ancolie. Sp guileña. Pg acoleja.

âra (L) 'altar' (*as-): ARA.

arâre (L) 'to labor, cultivate, plow': ARABLE, EAR. Cf. G Art, artig. It arare, arato, aratolo, aratore, aratura. F lorandier. Sp arado, arador, aradura, arámio, arar. Pg arado, arador, aradura, arar.

arbiter (L) 'witness, judge': ARBITER, ARBITRARY, ARBITRATE. It albitro. F arbitraire, arbitre. Sp albedriar, albedrio. Pg albidriar, alvidrar, alvidro.

arbos, arbor (L) 'tree': ARBOR, ARBOREAL. It albero, albereto, alboscello, arboscello. F arbor-, arborer, arborescent, arbre, arbrisseau. Sp árbol, arbolar, arboleda. Pg arborar, arvore, arvoredo.

arbutus (L) 'wild strawberry tree': ARBUTUS. It álbatro, arbitro. F arbos, arbouse. Sp álborto, alborzo. Pg érvodo.

arca (L) 'chest, box' (*arek-): ARCANA, ARCANE, ARK. Norw ark. Sw ark. Da ark. G Arche. It arca, arcame. F arcasse, arche. Sp arca, arcaz. Pg arca, arquibanca.

arcêre (L) 'to contain, keep, keep at a distance, ward off' (*arek-): COERCE, COERCION, EXERCISE. G exerzieren, Exerzitien, Exerzitium. F coercible, exercer.

arcus (L) 'arc, anything in the form of an arc, rainbow, arch' (*arku-): ARBALEST, ARC, ARCADE, ARCH, ARCHER, ARCHIVOLT, ARCIFORM, ARCUATE. G Armbrust, Erker. It archivolto, arciere, arcione, arco, arcolaio, arcoreggiare. F arc, arcade, arche, arçon. Sp arcada, arco, arquero, arzon. Pg arçâo, arcar, arco, arqueiro, arquejar.

ârdor (L) 'heat, ardor' (*as-): ARDENT, ARDOR, ARSON. It ardore. F ardent, ardeur. Sp ardor, ardura. Pg ardor, ardura.

arduus (L) 'high, steep, difficult': ARDUOUS. F ardu.

ârea (L) 'level or open space': AIR, AREA, AREOLA. G Ar, Hektar. It aia. F aire, airée, débonnaire. Sp era. Pg eira, eirado.

arepennis (LL) 'half-acre' (< Gaulish): ARPENT. F arpent. Pg arpente.

ârêre (L) 'to be dry' (*as-): ARID. It arido, alido. F aride. Sp arido. Pg arido.

argentum (L) 'silver, silver plate, coin, money' (*arg-): ARGENT, ARGENTINA. It argentaio, argentiere, argento. F argent, argentier, argentine. Sp aranzada. Pg arenzo.

arguere (L) 'to clarify, prove, convince' (*arg-): ARGUE, ARGUMENT. G Argument, argumentieren. F arguer, argument, argutie.

ariês (L) 'male sheep': ARIES. Sp redil.

arillî (ML), pl. 'dried grapes': ARIL, ARILLATE, ARILLODE.

arista (L) 'beard of an ear of grain, ear of grain, fishbone': ARETE, ARRIS. It aresta. F arête. Sp ariesta. Pg aresta.

arma (L), pl. 'defensive arms, weapons' (*ar-): ALARM, ALARUM, ARMADA, ARMADILLO, ARMAMENT, ARMATURE, ARMIGER, ARMISTICE, ARMOIRE, ARMOR, ARMORY, ARMS, ARMY, DISARM. G Alarm, Armaturenbrett, Armee, Gendarm, Lärm. It all'arme, arma, armadio, armare, armatura. F alarme, armateur, arme, armer, armistice, armoire, armoiries, armure. Sp alarma, arma, armada, armadillo, armadura, armar, armario, arma-toste. Pg alarma, arma, armadilho, armadura, armar, armario.

armoracea (L) 'horseradish': REMOULADE. It ramolaccio. F rémoulade. Sp remolacha.

armus (L) 'upper arm and shoulder, shoulder' (*ar-): ARMILLARY.

arrugia (L) 'mineshaft': ARROYO. F arroyo. Sp arroyo. Pg arroio.

ars (L) 'way, talent, art' (*ar-): ART, ARTEFACT, ARTEL, ARTIFICE, ARTIFICIAL, ARTISAN, ARTIST, ARTISTE, INERT, INERTIA. G Artist. It arte, artigiano. F art, artifice, artisan, artiste. Sp arte, artesano. Pg arte, artesâo, artimanha.

artus (L) 'narrow, tight' (*ar-): COARCTATE.

artus (L), normally pl. artûs 'joints, limbs' (*ar-): ARTICLE, ARTICULATE. G Artikel, artikulieren. F article, articuler.

âs (L), duodecimal unit: ACE, AMBSACE, AS. G As. F as.

asinus (L) 'ass,' rel. to Gr ónos: ASININE, ASS, EASEL. Du ezel. G Esel, Assel. Sw åsna. Da asen. It asinaio, asino. F âne, ânier, ânon, asine. Sp asno. Pg ase, asno.

asper (L) 'rough': ASPER, ASPERATE, ASPERITY. It aspro. F âpre, aspérité. Sp aspero. Pg aspero.

assis, axis (L) 'board, plank': ASHLAR, ATELIER. G Atelier. It asse. F ais, atelier, attelle.

astus (L) 'cleverness, cunning, ruse': ASTUTE. It astuto. F astuce.

âter (L) 'black, dark' (*âter-): ATRABILIOUS. F airelle, atrabilaire. Pg adro, airela.

âtrium (L) 'main room in a Roman house, hall' (*âter-, perhaps via 'hearth-place, room where the smoke escaped through a hole in the roof'): ATRIUM. G Atrium. F âtrê. Pg adro.

atrôx (L) 'black-looking,' hence 'terrible, cruel' (*âter- + *okw-): ATROCIOUS, ATROCITY. It atroce. F atroce. Sp atroz.

atrôx (L) 'black-looking,' hence 'terrible, cruel' (*âter- + *okw-): ATROCIOUS, ATROCITY.

audêre (L) 'to dare': AUDACIOUS. F audace.

audîre (L) 'to hear, listen, understand, obey' (*au-5): AUDIBLE, AUDIENCE, AUDIENT, AUDILE, AUDIO, AUDIT, AUDITOR, AUDITORIUM, AUDITORY, OBEY, OYEZ, SUBAUDITION. G Audienz, Auditorium. It udire, udito. F audience, ouir. Sp oido, oir. Pg ouvido, ouvir.

augêre (L) 'to cause to grow, grow, increase' (*aug-1): AUCTION, AUGENT, AUGMENT, AUGUST, AUGUSTUS, AUTHOR, AUTHORITY, OCTROI. G August, Auktion, Autor, autorisieren, oktroyieren. It agostano, agosto, otriare. F août, aoûteron, augmenter, auguste, auteur, autoriser, octroyer. Sp agostar, agostarse, agostero, agosto, otorgar. Pg agostinho, agostarse, agosto, outorgar.

augur (L) 'diviner' (*aug-1 via 'he who obtains divine favor, increase of power'): AUGUR, INAUGURATE. It scigura, sciagurato. F augurer, heur, heureux. Sp agorar, agüero, agur, avur, jagurado, huero. Pg agourar, agouro, goro.

aurîga (L) 'charioteer': AURIGA.

auris (L) 'ear' (*ous-): AURAL, AURICLE, AURIFORM, ORMER.

aurôra (L) 'dawn' (prob. *aus-1): AURORA. It aurora. F aurore.

aurum (L) 'gold': AUREATE, AURELIA, AUREOLE, AURI-, AURIC, AURIFEROUS, AURUM, DARIOLE, DORY, EL_DORADO, EYRIR, OR, ORIFLAMME, ORIOLE, ORMOLU, OROIDE, ORPHREY, ORPIMENT. It orata, oratura, oro, orpello. F auri-, dorade, loriot, or, orfèvre, oripeau, orpiment, orure. Sp dorada, oro, oropel. Pg dourado, ouro.

auscultâre (L) 'to listen' (*ous- + *klei-): AUSCULTATION, SCOUT.

ausêria (ML) 'willow bed': OSIER. F osier.

auspex (L) 'one who observes habits of birds for divination, augur' (*awi- + *spek-): AUSPICE, AUSPICIOUS. F auspice.

auster (L) 'south wind, the south': AUSTER, AUSTRAL, AUSTRALIA. It ostro. F austral. Sp austro. Pg austro.

Austrâsia, Ostrâsia (ML) 'the eastern country': AUSTRASIA.

Autumnus (L) 'autumn': AUTUMN. It autunno. F autonne. Sp otoñar, otoño. Pg outonar, outono.

auxilium (L) 'aid, support' (*aug-1): AUXILIARY. F auxiliaire.

avârus (L) 'desirous, greedy': AVARICE. It avaro. F avarice, avare. Sp avariento, avaro. Pg avarento, avaro.

avê, havê (L) 'hail, welcome, farewell': AVE.

avencia (ML), kind of clover: AVENS.

avêre (L) 'to desire, long for': AVID. F avide.

avis (L) 'bird' (*awi-): AUSPICE, AUSPICIOUS, AVIAN, AVIARY, AVIATION, AVICULTURE, AVIFAUNA, OCARINA, OSTRICH. G Aviatik. It uccello. F aviateur, avion, autruche, oiseau. Sp ave, avecilla, avestruz, avucasta, abvucastro. Pg abestruz, ave.

atavus (L) 'great-grandfather's grandfather' (*awo-): ATAVISM. G Atavismus. F atavisme.

avus (L) 'grandfather,' fem. avia 'grandmother,' dim. avunculus, avonculus 'maternal uncle' (*awo-): AVUNCULAR, AYAH, UNCLE. G Onkel. It avolo. F oncle.

axis (L) 'axle, axis' (*aks-): AXIS. Du as. G axial. It ascialone, sala. F axe, axonge, essieu. Sp eje, ijera. Pg eixo.

axis (L), unidentified Indian animal named by Pliny: AXIS_DEER.

babewynus (ML) 'baboon': BABOON.

bâca, bacca (L) 'berry': BACCA, BACCATE, BACCI-, BAGATELLE, BAY, BAYBERRY. G Bagatelle. It baga, bagatella. F bagatelle, bague, baie. Sp baga, bagatela, baya. Pg baga, bagalho.

bacca (LL) 'water container': BACK. F bac, bâche, bachot, baquet.

bacinus (ML) 'basin': BASIN, BASSINET. G Bassin, Becken. It bacile, bacino. F bassin. Sp bacin.

baculum, baculus (L) 'rod, walking stick' (*bak-): BACILLUS, BACULIFORM, BAGUETE, DEBACLE, IMBECILE. G Bazillus. Sp bacelar. Pg abacelar, bacelo.

badius (L) 'chestnut brown' (of horses): BAY. It baietta, baio. F bai. Sp bayeta, bayo. Pg baeta, baio.

bâiulus (L) 'carrier, porter': BAIL, BAILIE, BAILIFF, BAILIWICK. It bailo, balio. F bail, baile, bailler. Sp baile.

balbus (L) 'stuttering, stammering' (*baba-): BOOBY. It balbo. F abaubi, bobine, bobiner, ébaubi, ébaubir, esbaubi. Sp bobina, bobo. Pg bobina, bobo.

ballaena, ballêna (L) 'whale': BALEEN. It baleno. F balaine. Sp ballena. Pg balea.

balteus, balteum (L) 'girdle': BELT. It balsano, balza, balzana, balzano, balzare, balzellare, balzo. Sp balza, balzo. Pg balsana, balsâo, balso, balza, bouçâo

bandus, bandum (LL) 'banner, standard' (< Gmc < *bhâ-1): BANDEROLE, BANNER, BANNERET. G Banderole, Banner. It banderuola, bandiera. F banderille, banderole, bandière, banneret, bannière. Sp bandera, banderilla.

bannus, bannum (ML) 'proclamation' (< Gmc < *bhâ-2): CONTRABAND.

barba (L) 'beard' (*bhardhâ): BARB, BARBEL, BARBELLATE, BARBER, BARBETTE, BARBICEL, BARBULE, REBARBATIVE. G Barbier. It barba, barbata, barbato, barbezza, barbezzale, barbigi, barbio, barbo, barbuta, barbuto, battole. F bar, barabou, barbe, barbé, barbeau, barbelle, barberasse, barbiche, barbichon, barbotte, barbotter, barbu, barbue, berbu. Sp barba, barbado, barbilla, barbo, barbudo, bozal. Pg barba, barbado, barbella, barbo, barbuda, barbudo, buço.

barbacana (ML) 'fortified outpost': BARBICAN.

barca (LL) 'boat': BARQUE, BARQUENTINE. G Barke. It barca. F barque. Sp barca. Pg barca.

barô (ML) 'man, warrior' (< Gmc): BARON, BARONESS, BARONET. G Baron. It barone. F baron. Sp baron, varon. Pg barâo, varâo.

bassus (LL) 'thick, fat, short, low': ABASE, BASE, BAS-RELIEF, BASS, BASSET, BASSO, BASSOON, BOUILLABAISE, DEBASE. G Baß. It basso. F abaisser, baisser, bas, rabaisser, soubasse Sp bajar, bajo. Pg baixar, baixo.

bastum (LL) 'stick': BASTARD, BASTINADO, BATMAN, BATON, BATTEN. G Bastard. It bastone. F bâton. Sp baston. Pg bastâo.

batâre (ML) 'to yawn,' whence OF baer, beer, bayer 'to gape, stand open (of the mouth)': ABASH, ABEYANCE, BADINAGE, BAY, BAY-WINDOW, BEAGLE, BEVEL. It abbaino, baire, badaluccare, badare, baderlare, sbaire. F abée, aderne, badaud, badin, badinage, baie, balise, baliveau, balivage, bane, bard, barne, bayer, béant, béer, bégueule, bermier, biveau, débarder, ébahir. Sp badar, baivel.

battuere (L) 'to beat': ABATE, ABATIS, ABATTOIR, BAT, BATE, BATTEN, BATTER, BATTERY, BATTLE, BATTLEDORE, BATTLEMENT, BATTLESHIP, BATTUE, COMBAT, DEBATE, RABBET, REBATE, REBATO. G Bataillion, Batterie, debattieren, Rabatt, Rabatte. It abbattere, battere, batteria, battigie, battola, battolare. F abat, abattis, abat-jour, abattre, batterie, battre, rabat. Sp abatir, batan, batir, batteria. Pg abater, bater, batteria.

beâre (L) 'to bless, make happy': BEATIFIC, BEATIFY, BEATITUDE, BEATRICE.

becarius (LL) 'earthenware vessel': BEAKER, PITCHER. G Becher. It bicchiere, pecchero. F biche, bichet, pichet. Sp pichel. Pg pichel.

beccus (L) 'beak': BEAK. It beccaccia, beccare, becco. F abecquer, bec, bécasse, becquer, béquille. Sp becada, bico. Pg bico.

bellum (L), earlier duellum 'war': BELLICOSE, BELLIGERENT, BELLONA, -BELLUM, DUEL, REBEL, REBELLION, REVEL. G Duell, Rebell. It arrovellare, ribellare, rovello. F rebelle, rébeller. Sp rebelde. Pg rebelde, revel.

bellus (L) 'handsome, pretty' (*deu-2): BEAU, BEAUTY, BELDAM, BELLADONNA, BELLE, BELVEDERE, CLARABELLA, EMBELLISH. G Belletrist.

bene (L) 'well,' adverbial form of bonus (*deu-2): BENEDICITE, BENEDICT, BENEDICTINE, BENEDICTION, BENEDICTUS, BENE_ESSE, BENEFACTION, BENEFACTOR, BENEFICE, BENEFICIAL, BENEFICENCE, BENEFIT, BENEVOLENT, BENIGN, HERB_BENNET. G bene-.

bonus (L) 'good' (*deu-2): BONA_FIDE, BONANZA, BONA-ROBA, BONBON, BONHOMIE, BONITO, BONNE, BONNY, BONUS, BOON, BOUNTEOUS, BOUNTIFUL, BOUNTY, DEBONAIR. G Bon, Bonbon, Bonmot.

benignus (L) 'kind, friendly, generous' (bene + *genª-): BENIGN.

bernaca, berneca (ML) 'barnacle, barnacle goose': BARNACLE.

bêstia (L) 'beast, animal': BEAST, BESTIAL, BESTIALITY, BESTIARY, BETE_NOIRE. G Bestie. It bestia. F bestiaire, bestial, bestiaux, bestiole, bétail, bête, bêtise, biche, bisse, embêter, rabêtir. Sp bestia, bicho, vestiglo. Pg bestia, bicho.

bêta (L) 'beet': BEET. G Bete. It barbabietole, bieta. F bette, betterave. Sp bleda.

bibere (L) 'to drink' (*pôi-): BEER, BEEREGAR, BEVER, BEVERAGE, BIB, BIBULOUS, IMBIBE. Cf. G Bier. It abbeverare, abbreveratojo, beone, bere, bettola, bevitore, birra. F abreuver, abreuvoir, bière, boire, boisson, breuvage, buveur, pourboire. Sp abrevadero, abrevar, bebedor, beber, bebraje, beodez, beodo. Pg abrevar, abebrar, bébado, bebedice, bebedor, beber, beberagem.

bîlis (L) 'gall, bile': BILE.

-bilis (L), suffix denoting tendency, fitness, ability, capability: -ABLE, -BLE. F -able.

billus, billa (ML) 'branch, trunk': BILLET, BILLIARDS. G Billard. It biglie. F billard, bille, billette, billon, billot, déshabiller, habiller, rhabiller..

bînî (L) 'two by two, two each, pair,' der. of bis (*dwo-): BIN, BINAL, BINARY, BINATE, COMBINE. G binär, kombinieren.

birrus, birrum (LL) 'hooded cape or cloak': BERET, BIRETTA. G Barett. It barretto, biretto. F béret. Sp barrete. Pg barrete.

bis, bi- (L) 'twice' (*dwo-): BAROUCHE, BI-, BIS, BISCUIT. G bi-.

bisamum (ML) 'musk': DESMAN.

bison (L) 'bison' (*wis-): BISON. G Bison.

bitûmen (L) 'asphalt, bitumen' (< Celtic < *gwet-1): BITUMEN, BITUMINOUS. G Beton, Bitumen.

bladium (ML) 'produce of the land' (< Gmc < *bhel-3): EMBLEMENTS.

blandus (L) 'flattering, caressing, pleasant, agreeable, alluring': BLAND, BLANDISH, BLANDISHMENT. It blandire. F blandir. Sp blandecer, blandir, blando. Pg brando.

boa (L) 'large water snake': BOA.

bôlêtus (L) 'edible mushroom': BOLETUS. F boulois.

bolluca (ML), kind of wild plum, 'sloe': BULLACE.

borâgo, borrâgo (ML), kind of plant, 'borage': BORAGE.

bôs (L) 'ox, bullock, cow' (*gwou-): BEEF, BOVINE, BUGLE, OVIBOS. G Posaune. It bove, bovile, bovino, bovolo, bue, buino, imbuinare. F boeuf, bouvet, bouvonne, bouvonnet, bouvreuil. Sp boil, bostar, buey. Pg boi, bosta, bostal, bosteiro, busto.

botulus (L) 'sausage': BOTULIN, BOTULISM, BOWEL.

brâca (L) 'breeches, trousers' (< Gaulish < *brâk-): BRACKET, BRAIL. It bracalone, brache, brachiere. F braie. Sp braga, bragado, bragadura, braguero. Pg braga, bragadura, desbragado.

branca (LL) 'paw': BRANCH. G Branche. It branca, branco. F branc, brancard, branche. Sp branca.

brattea (L) 'metal (especially gold) leaf': BRACT, BRACTEATE.

brevis (L) 'short' (*mregh-u-): ABBREVIATE, ABRIDGE, BREVET, BREVIARY, BREVITY, BRIEF, BRUMAL. G Brevier, Brief. It abbreviare. F abréger. Sp abreviar. Pg abreviar.

brisâre (VL) 'to break': BRISANCE, BRUISE, DEBRIS. F brésiller, bris, briser, débriser.

brittisca (ML) 'British, of Brittany,' prob. der. of Britto: BARTIZAN, BRATTICE.

Britto (L) 'inhabitant of Britain': BRITAIN, BRITISH, BRITON, BRITTANIA, BRITTANY. It bretto. F brette.

broccus, brocchus (L) 'projecting': BROACH, BROCADE, BROCHE, BROCHé, BROCHETTE, BROCHURE, BROCKET, BROOCH. G Brokat, Brosche, Broschüre. It brocca, broccare, broccato, broccia, broccio, brocco, broccoli. F brocart, brocher. Sp broca, brocado, broche. Pg broca, brocado, brochar, broche, broches.

brûtus (L) 'heavy, immovable' (*gwerª-2): BRUT, BRUTAL, BRUTE. G brutal, brutto.

bucca (L) 'mouth,' pl. 'cheeks, jaws': BOCACCIO, BOUCLé, BUCCAL, BUCKLE, DEBOUCHE, DISEMBOGUE, EMBOUCHURE. G Bouclé, Buckel. It bocca, boccone. F bouche, bouchée, bouquer. Sp boca, bocada. Pg boca, bocada, bucha, buchada.

bugula (LL), kind of plant: BUGLE.

bulga (L) 'leather sack' (< Celtic < *bhelgh-): BUDGET, BULGE. G Budget. It bergiotto, bolgetta, bolgia, borgiotto, brigiotto. F bouge, bougette, boujo. Sp burjaca. Pg borcejote, borjaçote, borjaca.

bulla (L) 'bubble of air on the surface of water, anything with this shape,' hence 'seal, sealed document' (*beu-1): BILLET, BOLA, BOLERO, BOULE, BOWL, BULLA, BULL, BULLATE, BULLET, BULLETIN. G Billet, Bulle, Bulletin. It barbottare, biglietto, bolla, bollo, borbugliare, bullettino, garbuglio. F barboter, barbouiller, billet, boule, bouler, bouille, bouiller, bourbe, bourbotte, bourbette, bourbeter, bulle, bulletin, garbouil, grabuge. Sp barbollar, barbullar, bola, bolla, bollo, borbolla, borbotear, bulla, garbullo. Pg barbulhar, bola, bolo, borbulha, bulha, bulla.

bullîre (L) 'to bubble, boil' (*beu-1): BOIL, BOUILLABAISE, BOUILLI, BOUILLON, BUDGE, BULLION, BULLY, EBULLIENT, GARBOIL, PARBOIL. G Boiler, Bouillon. It abbollessare, bollire, buglione. F bouillie, bouillir, bouillon. Sp bollir. Pg bolir.

burdus (L) 'hinny': BORT. Sp borde, burdégano, regoldano.

burgus (LL) 'fortress' (< Gmc < *bhergh-2): BOURG, BOURGEOIS, BURGAGE, BURGEE, BURGESS, BURGLAR, FAUBOURG. G Bourgeoisie. It borghese, borgo. F bourg, bourgeois, faubourg. Sp burgo. Pg burgo.

bûricus, burricus (LL) 'small horse': BURRO. It bricco. F bourrique, bourriquet. Sp borrico, borriquete, burro. Pg burrico, burrinho, burro.

burra (LL) '(coarse) wool': BURL. It abborrare, abborracciarsi, borra, sborrato. F bourras, bourre, bourrelet, bourrer, bourru. Sp borra, borrar, borrón, borroso. Pg borra, borrâo, borrar, borroso.

bûteô, bûtiô (L), kind of hawk, perhaps a buzzard or bitter: BITTERN, BUZZARD. G Bussard. It abuzzago, bozzagro. F buse, buson.

buttis (LL) 'small vase': BOTTLE, BUTT. G Buddel. It abbottarsi, botte, botticello, sbottare. F botte, bout, bouteille. Sp bote, botecillo, embutir. Pg bote, embutir.

caballus (L) 'workhorse': CAVALCADE, CAVALIER, CAVALLY, CAVALRY, CHEVEL_GLASS, CHEVALIER, CHEVAUX-DE-FRISE. G Kavalier, Kavalkade, Kavallerie.

cacâre (L) 'to defecate' (*kakka-): POPPYCOCK.

cacûmen (L) 'summit, tip' (*keu-2): CACUMINAL.

cadere (L) 'to fall': ACCIDENCE, ACCIDENT, CADAVER, CADENCE, CADENT, CADENZA, CADUCITY, CADUCOUS, CASCADE, CASE, CHANCE, CHUTE, DECAY, DECIDUOUS, ESCHEAT, INCIDENT, OCCASION, OCCIDENT, RECIDIVISM. G Chance, Dekadenz, Kadaver, Kadenz, Kaskade, Kasus, Mummenschanze, Okzident, Schanze. It accadere. F accident. Sp acaecer. Pq aquecer.

caecus (L) 'blind': CECUM, CAEC(O)-, CECIL, CECILIA.

caedere (L) 'to cut, strike' (*kae-id-): ABSCISE, CAESURA, CEMENT, CESTUS, CHISEL, -CIDE, CIRCUMCISE, CONCISE, DECIDE, EXCISE, INCISE, PRECISE, RECISION, SCISSORS. G präzis, Zement, Zäsur, ziselieren.

caelebs (L) 'unmarried': CELIBACY, CELIBATE.

caelum (L) 'sculptor's chisel' (*kae-id-): CAELUM.

caelum (L) 'sky, heaven': CELESTIAL.

caerimônia (L) 'sacredness, reverence, religious worship': CEREMONY. G Zeremonie.

caesius (L) 'bluish or greenish gray': CESIUM.

caespes (L) 'turf, sod': CESPITOSE.

calamaucus (L) 'cap': CALAMANCO.

calamitâs (L) 'loss, damage, disaster' (*kel-1): CALAMITY.

calâre (L) 'to call, call out' (*kelª-2): INTERCALATE, NOMENCLATOR.

calêre (L) 'to be warm, hot' (*kelª-1): CALEFACTION, CALENTURE, CAMOUFLAGE, CAUDLE, CAULDRON, CHAFE, CHAUDFROID, CHAUFFEUR, CHOWDER, DECALESCENCE, NONCHALANT, RECALESCENCE, SCALD. G Chauffeur, echauffiert, Kalfakter, nonchalant.

câlîgô (L) 'fog, mist, darkness': CALIGINOUS.

calix (L) 'cup, goblet' (*kal-1): CALIX, CHALICE.

callis (L) 'path': PASSACAGLIA.

callum, callus (L) 'hard skin' (*kal-3): CALLOUS, CALLUS.

calor (L) 'heat' (*kelª-1): CALORIE. G Kalorie.

calvî (L) 'to deceive, intrigue, trick' (*kel-8): CALUMNY, CHALLENGE.

calvus (L) 'bald': CALVARY, CALVIN.

calx (L) 'heel': CALCEOLARIA, CALCEOLATE, CALK, RECALCITRANT.

cambiâre (LL) 'to exchange, barter': CAMBIST, CAMBIUM, CHANGE, EXCHANGE.

camillus (L) 'noble youth assisting at religious rites': CAMILLE.

camîsia (LL) 'shirt': CAMI-, CAMISA, CAMISADO, CAMISE, CAMISOLE, CHEMISE.

camox (LL) name of an animal, perhaps the chamois: CHAMOIS, GEMSBOK, SHAMMY. G Gemse.

campus (L) 'level space, flat plain, open field' (see also campâna) in campâna 'bell' (orig. made of metal produced in Campania): CAMP, CAMPAIGN, CAMPANIA, CAMPANILE, CAMPANOLOGY, CAMPANULA, CAMPANULATE, CAMPANULATE, CAMPESTRAL, CAMPION, CAMPO, CAMPUS, CHAMPAIGN, CHAMPART, CHAMPERTY, CHAMPIGNON, CHAMPION. G Champignon, Kampagne, Kämpe, Kampf, Kampieren. It campo. F champ. Sp campo.

camurus, camur (L) 'curved inward': CAMBER.

cancer (L) 'crab, cancer' (*kar-1): CANCER, CANKER, CHANCRE.

cancer (L) 'lattice, grating' (rel. to carcer): CANCEL, CHANCEL, CHANCELLOR. G Kanzel, Kanzler.

candêre (L) 'to burn, be white hot, shine' (see also incandere): CANDELABRUM, CANDENT, CANDID, CANDID, CANDIDATE, CANDLE, CANDLEMAS, CANDOR, INCANDESCE. G Kandelaber, Kandidat.

canere (L) 'to sing' (*kan-): ACCENT, ACCENTOR, CANOROUS, CANT, CANTABILE, CANTATA, CANTICLE, CANTILLATE, CANTO, CANTO_FERMO, CANTOR, CANTORIS, CANZONE, CONZONET, CHANSON, CHANT, CHANTICLEER, CHANTRY, DESCANT, ENCHANT, INCANTATION, INCENTIVE, PRECENTOR, RECANT. G Akzent, Chanson, Kantate, Kantor. F accent.

canês, canis (L) 'dog' (*kwon-): CANAILLE, CANARY, CANARY_ISLANDS, CANICULA, CANICULAR, CANINE, CHENILLE, KENNEL.

canthus, cantus (L) 'iron ring around a carriage wheel, rim, wheel': CANT, CANTEEN, CANTON, CHAMFER, DECANT, DECANTER. G Kante, Kantine, Kanton.

Cantium (L), British place name, 'Kent': KENT.

cânus (L) 'white, gray-haired' (*kas-): CANESCENT.

capanna (LL) 'hut, cabin': CABIN. G Kabine.

caper (L) 'he-goat': CABRILLA, CABRIOLE, CABRIOLET, CAPELLA, CAPER, CAPREOLATE, CAPRI-, CAPRIC ACID, CAPRICCIO, CAPRICCIOSO, CAPRICE, CAPRICIOUS, CAPRICORN, CAPRIFIG, CAPRIFOLIACEOUS, CHEVRON, CHEVROTAIN. G Kapice, Kapriole, Kabrio; also Habergeiß.

capere (L) 'to take, seize,' combining form -ceps (*kap-): ACCEPT, ANTICIPATE, CAPABLE, CAPACIOUS, CAPACITY, CAPIAS, CAPSTAN, CAPTION, CAPTIOUS, CAPTIVE, CAPTIVATE, CAPTOR, CAPTURE, CATCH, CHASE, CONCEIVE, CONCEIT, CONCEPT, DECEIT, DECEIVE, EXCEPT, INCEPTION, INCIPIENT, INTERCEPT, INTUSSUSCEPTION, MANCIPLE, MERCAPTAN, NUNCUPATIVE, OCCUPATION, OCCUPY, PARTICIPLE, PERCEIVE, PERCEPTION, PRECEPT, PRINCE, PRINCIPAL, PRINCIPATE, PRINCIPIA, PRINCIPLE, RECEIPT, RECEIVE, RECEPTACLE, RECEPTION, SUSCEPTIBLE, SUSCEPTION. G akzeptieren, Disziplin, Kapazität, kapieren, konzipieren, Partizip, Prinz, Prinzip, prinzipal, Rezept. It accattare, riscattare. F accepter, achat, acheter, racheter.

capillus (L) 'hair': CAPILLARY.

cappa (LL) 'cloak': CAP, CAPE, CAPOTE, CAPUCHE, CAPUCHIN, CHAPE, CHAPEAU, CHAPEL, CHAPERON, CHAPLAIN, CHAPLET, COPE, COPESTONE, KEPI. G Kapelle, Kaplan, Kapuza.

capsa (L) 'box, case, bookcase' (*kap-): CAISSON, CAPSULE, CASE, CHASE, CHASSIS, ENCHASE. G Chassis.

capulâre (LL) 'to cut' (*skep-): SCABBLE.

capulum (L) 'lasso, rope for fastening cattle,' prob. der. of capere: CABLE. G Kabel.

capus, câpô (L) 'castrated cock' (*skep-): CAPON, CAPONIER, CAPOT. G Kapaun.

caput (L) 'head' (*kaput): ACHIEVE, BICEPS, CABEZON, CABOTAGE, CADET, CAP-A-PIE, CAPE, CAPITAL, CAPITAN, CAPITATE, CAPITATION, CAPITOL, CAPITULAR, CAPITULATE, CAPITULUM, CAPO, CAPORAL, CAPRICE, CAPRICIOUS, CAPTAIN, CATTLE, CAUDILLO, CHAMFRON, CHAPTER, CHATTEL, CHIEF, CHIEFTAIN, DECAPITATE, HANDKERCHIEF, HATCHMENT, KERCHIEF, MISCHIEF, MUSCOVADO, NECKERCHIEF, OCCIPUT, PRECIPICE, PRECIPITATE, PRECIPITOUS, RECAPITULATE, SINCIPUT, TETE-BECHE, TRICEPS. G Chef, Kadett, Kap, Kapital, Kapitän, Kapitel, kapitulieren, Kappes, Korporal, rekapitulieren. Sp acatar.

carbô (L) 'ember, coal, charcoal' (*ker-4): CARBIDE, CARBON, CARBONADO, CARBONARI, CARBONATE, CARBUNCLE, CARBURET, CARBURETOR, CARBURIZE. G karbo-, Karbol, Karbonat, Karbunkel.

carcer (L) 'prison' (rel. to cancer): INCARCERATE. G Kerker.

cardô (L) 'hinge': CARDINAL. G Kardinal, Scharnier.

carduus, cardus (L) 'thistle, artichoke': CARDOON, CHARD.

carêre (L) 'to be without' (*kes-2): CARET.

carere, carrere (L) 'to card wool': CARD, CARMINATIVE.

cariês (L) 'rottenness, decay': CARIES, CARIOUS. G Karies.

carîna (L) 'half-shell of a nut, keel of a ship': CAREEN, CARINA.

carmen (L) 'song, poem' (*kan-): CHARM. G Charme.

carô (L) 'flesh' (*sker-1): CARNAGE, CARNAL, CARNASSIAL, CARNATION, CARNIVAL, CARNIVOROUS, CARRION, CARUNCLE, CHARNEL, CRONE,CRONISH, INCARNATE. G Karneval.

carpa (LL) 'carp`: CARP.

carpentum (L) 'two-wheeled carriage': CARPENTER, CARPENTRY.

carpere (L) 'to pluck' (*kerp-): CARPET, EXCERPT, SCARCE.

cartilâgô (L) 'cartilage, pulp of certain fruits': CARTILAGE, CARTILAGINOUS.

cârus (L) 'costly, beloved' (*kâ-): CARESS, CHARITABLE, CHARITY, CHERISH. G Karitas.

casa (L) 'hut, cottage': CASINO. G Kasino.

câseus (L) 'cheese': CHEESE, SMEARCASE. G Käse.

cassus (L) 'empty, void' (*kes-2): CASHIER, QUASH.

castrâre (L) 'to castrate' (*kes-2): CASTRATE. G kastrieren.

castrum (L) 'fortified place, camp' (*kes-2): ALCAZAR, CASTELLATED, CASTRAMETATION, CASTLE, CHESTER.

castus (L) 'chaste, pure' (*kes-2): CASTE, CASTIGATE, CHASTE, CHASTEN, CHASTISE, INCEST.

catacumbae (LL), pl. 'underground cemetery, catacombs,' from Gk katá + kúmbê: CATACOMBS, CATACUMBA.

catanus (ML), kind of shrub, 'juniper': CADE.

catêna (L) 'chain': CATENA, CATENARY, CATENULATE, CHAIN, CHIGNON, CONCATENATE. G Kette.

catînus (L) 'bowl, dish, pot': KETTLE. G Kessel.

cattus, catta (LL) 'cat': CAT, KITTEN. G Kater, Katze.

catulus (L) 'young of an animal': CADELLE.

caucum (L) 'cup, drinking vessel': QUAICH.

caulis (L) 'plant (especially cabbage) stalk, cabbage': AMPLEXICAUL, CAULESCENT, CAULICHE, CAULIFLOWER, CAULINE, COLE, COLESEED, COLESLAW, COLEWORT, CALE, KAILYARD, KOHLRABI, NUDICAUL. G Blumenkohl, Kohl, Kohlrabi, Karfiol.

caupô (L) 'small trader, innkeeper': CHAP, CHAPBOOK, CHAPMAN, CHEAP, CHOP, COP.

causa (L) 'reason, purpose, motive, lawsuit': ACCUSATIVE, ACCUSE, CAUSE. G Akkusatif. F accusatif, accuser.

cavea (L) 'hollow place, cavity, birdcage, enclosure, animal's den, beehive, theater seats' (*keuª-2): CAGE, CAVIE, GABION, JAIL.

cavêre (L) 'to beware, guard against' (*keuª-1): CAUTION, CAVEAT, PRECAUTION. G Kaution.

cavilla (L) 'jeering, mockery' (*kel-8): CAVIL.

cavus (L) 'hollow' (*keuª-2): CAVE, CAVERN, CAVETTO, CAVICORN, CAVITY, CONCAVE, DECOY, EXCAVATE.

cêdere (L) 'to go, withdraw, yield' (rel. to necesse): ABSCESS, ACCEDE, ACCESS, ACCESSION, ANCESTOR, ANTECEDENT, CEASE, CEDE, CESSION, CONCEDE, CONCESSION, DECEASE, EXCEED, EXCESS, INTERCEDE, INTERCESSION, PRECEDE, PRECEDENCE, PRECESSION, PROCEDURE, PROCEED, PROCESS, PROCESSION, RECEDE, RECESSION, RETROCEDE, SECEDE, SUCCEED, SUCCESS. G Abszeß, Exzeß, Konzession, konzessiv, Präzedenzfall, Prozedur, Prozeß, Prozession. It accesso. F abcès, accéder, accès. Sp acceso. Pg accesso.

cêlâre (L) 'to hide' (*kel-2): CONCEAL.

celeber (L) 'crowded, frequented, famous': CELEBRATE, CELEBRITY. G zelebrieren.

celer (L) 'swift' (*kel-3): ACCELERATE, CELERITY.

cella (L) 'storeroom, chamber' (*kel-2): CELL, CELLAR. G Keller, Kellner, Zelle.

cêna (L) 'meal, dinner' (*sker-1): CENACLE.

cênsêre (L) 'to declare formally or solemnly, estimate, judge': CENSOR, CENSURE, CENSUS, RECENSION. G rezensieren, zensieren, Zensur, Zins.

centô (L) 'patched quilt or clothing, patchwork': CENTO.

centum (L) 'hundred' (*dekm): CENT, CENTAL, CENTAVO, CENTENARIUM, CENTENARY, CENTENNIAL, CENTESIMAL, CENTI-, CENTIME, CENTNER, CENTUM, CENTUPLE, CENTUPLICATE, KANTAR, PER CENT, QUATROCENTO, SEICENTO, SEXCENTENARY, TRECENTO. G Prozent, Zentner.

cêps (L) 'onion': CHIVE.

cêra (L) 'wax': CERATE, CERE.

cerebrum (L) 'brain' (*ker-1): CEREBELLUM, CEREBRUM, SAVELOY. G Zervelatwurst.

Cerês (L), name of the goddess of agriculture (*ker-3): CEREAL, CERES.

cernere (L) 'to sift, separate, distinguish, decide' (*krei-): CERTAIN, CONCERN, DECREE, DISCERN, DISCREET, DISCRETE, DISCRETION, EXCREMENT, EXCRETE, INCERTITUDE, RECREMENT, SECERN, SECRECY, SECRET, SECRETARY, SECRETION. G Dekret, Dezernat, Dezernet, diskret.

cernuus (L) 'head foremost': CERNUOUS.

cervîx (L) 'neck' (*ker-1): CERVICAL, CERVIX.

cervus (L) 'deer' (*ker-1): CERVINE, SERVAL.

cêterus (L) 'the other, the rest' (*ko- + *i-): ET_CETERA, CETERA_DESUNT, CETERIS_PARIBUS.

cêterus (L) 'the other, the rest' (*ko- + *i-): ET_CETERA, CETERA_DESUNT, CETERIS_PARIBUS.

cibus (L) 'food': SABADILLA.

cicâda, cacâla (L) 'tree cricket, cicada': CICADA.

cicâtrîx (L) 'scar': CICATRIX.

cicer (L) 'chickpea': CHICKPEA.

cilium (L) 'lower eyelid' (*kel-2): CILIA, CILIARY, SEEL, SUPERCILIOUS.

cîmex (L) 'bug': CIMEX.

cina (ModL) (L) 'wormseed': CINEOL.

cingere (L) 'to gird, surround': ACCINGE, CINCH, CINCTURE, CINGULUM, ENCEINTE, PRECINCT, SHINGLES, SUCCINCT. It accingere.

cinis (L) 'ashes' (*keni-): CINERARIA, CINERARIUM, CINERARY, CINERATOR, CINEREOUS, INCINERATE, INCINERATOR.

cirrus (L) 'curl or tuft of hair or feathers, crest of birds, fringe of a garment': CIRRO-, CIRRUS. Cf. Sp cerro 'hill.'

cis (L) 'on this side of' (*ko-): CIS- (as in CISALPINE, CISATLANTIC), CITRA- (as in CITRAMONTANE).

citrus (L) 'cedar, citrus tree': CITRAL, CITRATE, CITRIC, CITRINE, CITRON, CITRUS. G Zitrone.

cîvis (L) 'citizen' (*kei-1): CITY, CIVIC, CIVIL, CIVILIAN, CIVILIZATION, CIVISM, CIVIES. G zivil.

clâmâre (L) 'to call, cry out' (*kelª-2): ACCLAIM, CLAIM, CLAMANT, CLAMOR, DECLAIM, EXCLAIM, PROCLAIM, PROCLAMATION, RECLAIM. G deklamieren, Proklamation, Reklame, Reklamieren.

clandestînus (L) 'in secret, secretly' (*kel-2): CLANDESTINE.

clangere (L) 'to sound, resound' (*kleg-): CLANG, CLANGOR.

clârus (L) 'bright, clear' (*kelª-2): CHIAROSCURO, CLAIRVOYANCE, CLARINET, CLEAR, DECLARE, éCLAIR, éCLAIRCISSEMENT, GLAIR. G deklarieren, klar, Klarinette.

classis (L) 'summons, group summoned, class of people': CLASS, CLASSIC, CLASSIFY. G Klasse, Klassik, Klassiker, klassisch.

claudere (L) 'to close' (*kleu-3): CLAUSE, CLAUSTRAL, CLAUSTRAPHOBIA, CLOISONNE, CLOISTER, CLOSE, CLOSET, CLOSURE, CONCLUDE, CONCLUSION, DISCLOSE, DISCLOSURE, ECLOSION, ENCLOSE, ENCLOSURE, EXCLUDE, EXCLUSION, INCLOSE, INCLOSURE, INCLUDE, INCLUSION, OCCLUDE, OCCLUSION, PRECLUDE, RECLUSE, SECLUDE, SECLUSION. G inklusive, Klause, Klausel, Klausur, Kloster, Schleuse.

claudus (L) 'lame, limping': CLAUDICANT, CLAUDICATION.

clâva (L) 'club, staff, cudgel' (*kleu-3): CLAVATE, CLAVICORN, CLAVIFORM.

clâvis (L) 'key' (*kleu-3): CLAVI- (as in CLAVICEMBALO, CLAVICHORD, CLAVICYLINDER), CLAVICLE, CLAVIER, CLEF, CONCLAVE, ENCLAVE, KEVEL. G Enklave, Exklave, Klavier. F clou.

clâvus (L) 'nail' (*kleu-3): CLOVE, CLOY. G Clou. F clou.

clêmêns (L) 'mild, gentle, kind': CLEMENT, CLEMENCY.

cliêns (L) 'dependent, client' (*klei-): CLIENT, CLIENTELE.

clînâre (L) 'to lean, bend' (*klei-): DECLENSION, DECLINATION, DECLINE, INCLINATION, INCLINE, RECLINE.

clipeus, clupeus, clipeum (L) 'round shield': CLYPEUS.

clîtellae (L), pl. 'packsaddle' (*klei-): CLITELLUM.

clîvus (L) 'slope' (*klei-): ACCLIVITY, DECLIVITY, PROCLIVITY.

cloâca (L) 'sewer, drain, canal' (*kleu-2): CLOACA, CLOACAL.

clocca (ML) 'bell': CLOAK, CLOCK.

clupea (L), kind of fish, 'small lamprey': CLUPEID.

coacula (L) 'quail': QUAIL.

côdex, caudex (L) 'tree trunk, block of wood split into tablets, book': CAUDEX, CODE, CODEX, CODICIL. G Kodex.

cofia (LL) 'headdress, helmet': COIF, COIFFEUR, COIFFURE.

cohors (L) 'enclosure, yard, troop, crowd' (*cum + *gher-1): COHORT, CORTEGE, COURT, COURTEOUS, COURTESAN, COURTESY, COURTIER, CURTILAGE, CURTSY. G Kurtisane.

colere (L) 'to cultivate, take care of, inhabit' (*kwel-1): COLONIAL, COLONY, -COLOUS (as in TUBICOLOUS), CULTIVATE, CULTURE, INCULT, PRATINCOLE. G Kolonie, Kultur.

collum (L) 'neck' (*kwel-1): ACCOLADE, COL, COLLAR, COLLET, CULLET, DECOLLATION, DECOLLETE, TORTICOLLIS. G dekolletiert, Kollier. F accolade.

color (L) 'color, hue' (*kel-2): COLORATION, COLORATURA, COLORIFIC, COLOR. G Koloratur, kolorieren, Kolorit

colostra, colustrum (L) 'beastings': COLOSTRAL, COLOSTRUM.

colubra, coluber (L) 'snake': COBRA.

côlum (L) 'sieve, strainer': COLANDER, COULEE, COULISSE, COULOIR, CULLIS, MACHICOLATION, PERCOLATE, PORTICULLIS.

columba (L) 'dove, pigeon': COLUMBA, COLUMBARIUM, COLUMBARY, COLUMBINE, CULVER.

columna (L) 'projecting object, pillar, column' (*kel-6): COLONEL, COLONNADE, COLUMN. G Kolonne.

comes (L) 'companion' (cum + *ei-1): COUNT, COUNTESS, COUNTY, CONCOMITANT, CONSTABLE, CONSTABULARY, VISCOUNT.

cômis (L) 'courteous' (cum + *smei-): COMITY.

comminîscî (L) 'to think out, contrive, invent' (cum + *men-1): COMMENT, COMMENTARY, COMMENTATOR. G kommentieren.

commûnis (L) 'shared, common, general, public' (*mei-1): COMMON, COMMUNICATE, COMMUNION, COMMUNISM, COMMUNITY. G Kommune, Kommunismus.

cônârî (L) 'to attempt, undertake' (*ken-1): CONATION, CONATIVE.

concilium (L) 'meeting, gathering' (cum + *kelª-2): CONCILIATE, COUNCIL. G Konzil, konziliant. Via a sense 'a calling together.'

concinnâre (L) 'to arrange, clean, prepare': CONCINNITY, CONCINNOUS.

condere (L) 'to put together, establish, preserve'(cum + *dhê-1): ABSCOND, CONDIMENT, INCONDITE, RECONDITE, SCONCE. It ascondere, nascondiglio. F

esconsant, esconde. Sp esconsado, esconsar, esconce.

confûtâre (L) 'to throw down, cause to fall, check, restrain, suppress, refute, confound' (cum + *bhau-): CONFUTE.

congruere (L) 'to agree' (cum, prob. < *ghrêu-): CONGRUENT.

cônîvêre (L) 'to close, close the eyes' (cum + *kneigwh-): CONNIVANCE, CONNIVE.

consîderâre (L) 'to examine, contemplate' (cum + *sweid-1): CONSIDER.

cônsilium (L) 'deliberation, consultation': COUNSEL, COUNSELOR. G Konslu, Konsulat.

cônsul (L) 'one of two chief magistrates of the Roman republic,' rel. to cônsulere: CONSUL, CONSULATE.

cônsulere (L) 'to take counsel': CONSULT, CONSULTANT, CONSULTATION. G konsultieren.

contâminâre (L) 'to corrupt, pollute by bringing into contact or mixing' (cum + *tag-): CONTAMINATE.

contrâ, contrô- (L) 'against, opposite' (*kom): CON, CONTRA, CONTRA-, CONTRARY, CONTRAST, CONTROVERSIAL, CONTROVERT, COUNTER, COUNTER-, COUNTRY, ENCOUNTER. G kontra-, Kontrast, konträr, Kontroverse.

convexus (L) 'vaulted, arched, convex, sloping downwards' (cum + *wegh-): CONVEX.

côpia (L) 'abundance' (cum + *op-1): COPIOUS, COPY, COPYWRITE, CORNUCOPIA. G Kopie.

côpula (L) 'bond, tie, link, connection between words' (cum + *ap-1): COPULA, COPULATE, COPULATION, COUPLE, COUPLET. G Koppel, kuppeln, Kupplung, verkuppeln. It accoppiare, coppia, gubbia. F accoupler, couple, coupler. Pg cobra.

coquere (L) 'to cook' (*pekw-): APRICOT, BISCUIT, CONCOCT, CONCOCTION, COOK, CUISINE, CULINARY, DECOCT, DECOCTION, DEMENTIA PRAECOX, KILN, KITCHEN, PRECOCIOUS, PRECOCITY, QUITTOR, RICOTTA. G Aprikose, Biskuit, Koch, kochen, Küche, kulinarisch.

cor (L) 'heart' (*kerd-1): ACCORD, ACCORDATURA, ACCORDION, CONCORD, CONCORDAT, CORDATE, CORDIAL, CORDIFORM, COURAGE, DISCORD, MISERICORD, QUARRY, RECORD. G Akkord, Akkordeon, Courage. It accorare, accordare, accordo, cordoglio, cuore. F accord, accorder, accordéon, coeur, courage, écoeurer. Sp acordar, acuerdo, coraje, corazón, cordojo, cuerdo. Pg acordar, coraçâo, coragem, cordo.

corbis (L) 'wicker basket': CORF. G Korb.

corium (L) 'skin, hide, leather' (*sker-1): CORIACEOUS, CORIUM, CUIRASS, CURIER, EXCORIATE. It corazza, cuoio. F cuir, cuirasse. Sp coraza, cuera, cuero. Pg coiraça, couro.

cornû (L) 'horn' (*ker-1): CORN, -CORN (as in BICORN, CAPRICORN, CAVICORN, CAVICORN, CLAVICORN, LAMELLICORN, LONGICORN, TRICORN, UNICORN), CORNEA, CORNEOUS, CORNER, CORNET, CORNICULATE, CORNOPEAN, CORNU, CORNUCOPIA. It corna, cornamusa, corno, cornuto, scornare. F cor, cornard, corne, cornemuse, corner, coron, cornu, dagorne, écorner, écornifler. Sp cornamusa, cornuda, cornudo, cuerna, cuerno, descuernacabras. Pg corna, cornamusa, corno, cornuda, cornudo.

cornus (L) 'cornel tree' (*ker-6): CORNEL.

corpus (L) 'body, substance' (*kwrep-): CORPORAL, CORPORATE, CORPOSANT, CORPS, CORPORATION, CORPSE, CORPULENT, CORPUS, CORPUS_CHRISTI, CORPUSCLE, CORPUSCULE, CORSAGE, CORSE, CORSLET, CORSET, CORSETIERE. G Körper, Korporation, korporiert, Korps, korpulent, Korsett.

corrigia (L) 'shoelace, thong, whip' (prob. < Gaulish < *kom + *reig-1): SCOURGE.

corrigia (L) 'shoelace, thong, whip' (prob. < Gaulish < *kom + *reig-1): SCOURGE.

cortex (L) 'bark, rind, shell' (*sker-1): CORTEX, CORTICAL, DECORTICATE.

côrtîna (LL) 'curtain,' der. of cohors (*gher-1): CURTAIN. G Gardine.

coruscâre (L) 'to butt, move quickly, glitter,' rel. to coruscus 'moving rapidly, quivering, flashing, glittering' (*sker-2): CORUSCATE.

corvus (L) 'raven' (*ker-2): CORBEL, CORBIE, CORBINA, CORMORANT, CORVINE, CORVUS.

costa (L) 'rib, flank, side': ACCOST, COAST, COSTA, COSTAL, COSTARD, COSTREL, CURESTA, CUTLET, INTERCOSTAL. G Kotelett, Küste. It accostare. F accoster. Sp acostar.

cotiô (L) 'broker': COZEN, COZENAGE.

coxa (L) 'hip': COXA, COXAL, CUISSE, CUSHION.

crâmum (LL) 'cream': CREAM. G Creme. F crème.

crâs (L) 'tomorrow': MAÑANA, PROCRASTINATE.

crassus (L) 'thick, fat, gross, dense': CRASS.

crâtis (L) 'wickerwork': CRATE, GRATE, GRID, GRIDDLE, GRILL, GRILLADE, GRILLAGE, GRILLE.

creâre (L) 'to bring forth, create, produce' (*ker-3): CREATE, CREATION, CREATURE, CREOLE, PROCREATE, PROCREATION. G Kreation, Kreatur, kreieren.

crêdere (L) 'to believe, entrust': ACCREDIT, CREDENCE, CREDENDUM, CREDENTIAL, CREDIBLE, CREDIT, CREDO, CREDULITY, CREDULOUS, CREED, INCREDIBLE, INCREDULOUS, GRANT, MISCREANT, RECREANT. G akkreditieren, Kredenz, Kredit. It credere. F accréditer, accroire, créance, croire, croyable, croyance, incroyable, mécreant, recru. Sp creer. Pg crêr.

cremâre (L) 'to burn' (*ker-4): CREMATE, CREMATION, CREMATORIUM. G Krematorium.

crêna (LL) 'notch': CRENATE, CRENELATED, CRENULATE.

crepâre (L) 'to crack, burst, rattle, creak' (*ker-2): CRAVEN, CREPITATE, CREVASSE, CREVICE, DECREPIT, DECREPITATE, QUEBRACHO, QUEBRADA.

creper (L) 'dusky, dark, doubtful': CREPUSCULAR.

crêscere (L) 'to grow, increase' (*ker-3): ACCRESCE, ACCRETION, ACCRUE, CONCRESCENSE, CONCRETE, CRESCENDO, CRESCENT, CREW, DECREASE, EXCRESCENCE, INCREASE, RECRUIT. It accrescere. F accroître. Sp acrecer. Pg accrescer.

crêta (L) 'chalk, clay': CRAYON, CRETACEOUS. G Kreide.

crîbrum (L) 'sieve' (*krei-): CRIBBLE, CRIBLE, CRIBRIFORM, CRIBROUS.

crîmen (L) 'judgement, accusation, crime' (*krei-): CRIME, CRIMINAL, RECRIMINATE. G kriminell.

crînis (L) 'hair' (*sker-3): CRINITE, CRINOLINE.

crîsâre (L) 'to wiggle the hips during copulation' (*sker-3): CRISSUM.

crispus (L) 'curly, curled' (*sker-3): CREPE, CRISP, CRISPATE.

crista (L) 'tuft, crest, plume' (*sker-3): CREST, CRISTATE.

crûdêlis (L) 'cruel, unfeeling' (*kreuª-1): CRUEL.

crudus (L) 'bloody, raw, rough, cruel' (*kreuª-1): CRUDE, ECRU, RECRUDESCENCE.

crûs (L) 'leg': CRURAL, CRUS.

crusta (L) 'shell, rind, incrustation' (*kreus-): CRUST, CRUSTACEOUS. G Kruste.

crux (L) 'cross': CROSIER, CROSS, CRUCIAL, CRUCIATE, CRUCIBLE, CRUCIFER, CRUCIFY, CRUISE, CRUSADE. G Kreuz, Kreuzer, kreuzen, Kruzifix.

cubâre (L) 'to recline, lie down' (*keu-2): CONCUBINE, COUVADE, COVEY, CUBICLE, INCUBATE, INCUBUS, SUCCUBUS.

cubitum (L) 'elbow' (*keu-2): CUBIT.

cûdere (L) 'to strike, beat' (*kau-2): INCUS.

culmen (L) 'top, summit' (*kel-6): CULMINATE. G kulminieren. It colle, collina. F colline. Sp colina, collado.

culmus (L) 'stalk' (*kolªm-): CULM.

culter (L) 'knife' (*skel-1): COLTER, CULTRATE, CUTLASS.

cum, con-, co-, earlier com (L) 'with' (*kom): CO-, COM-, CON, CON-, CUM. G kon-.

-cumbere (L) 'to lie down, recline' (*keu-2): ACCUMBENT, DECUMBENT, INCUMBENT, PROCUMBENT, RECUMBENT, SUCCUMB.

cumulus (L) 'heap, mass' (*keuª-2): ACCUMULATE, CUMULATE, CUMULATIVE, CUMULO-, CUMULUS. G Akkumulator.

cûnae (L), pl. 'cradle' (*kei-1): INCUNABULA, INCUNABULUM.

cûnctârî (L) 'to delay' (*konk-): CUNCTATION, CUNCTATOR.

cuneus (L) 'wedge': COIGN, COIN, CUNEAL, CUNEATE, CUNEIFORM, CUNEUS, QUOIN.

cunîculus (L) 'rabbit': CONY.

cunnus (L) 'vulva' (*skeu-): CUNNILINGUS.

cûpa (L) 'tub, vat' (*keu-2): CUPOLA, CUPULE. G Kübel, Kuve.

cupere (L) 'to desire, long for': CONCUPISCENCE, CONCUPISCIBLE, COVET, COVETOUS, CUPID, CUPID, CUPIDITY.

cuppa (LL) 'drinking vessel' (*keu-2): COP, CUP, CUPEL. G Kopf.

cûra (L) 'care': ACCURACY, ACCURATE, ASSURANCE, ASSURE, CURATE, CURATOR, CURE, CURE, CURETTE, CURIO, CURIOSITY, CURIOUS, ENSURE, INSURANCE, INSURE, MANICURE, PEDICURE, POCOCURANTE, PROCURATOR, PROCURE, PROCTOR, PROXY, SCOUR, SECURE, SECURITY, SICKER, SINECURE, SURE, SURETY. G akkurat, assekurieren, Kur, Kuratel, Kurator, Kurios, Kuriosum, Kuriosität, Maniküre, Pediküre, Prokura, Prokurist, sicher.

curculiô (L) 'weevil, corn work': CURCULIO.

cûria (L) 'division of the Roman people, its place of asembly, curia, court, senate': CURIA, CURIAL.

currere (L) 'to run' (*kers-2): CONCOURSE, CONCUR, CORRIDOR, CORSAIR, COURANTE, COURIER, COURSE, COURSER, CURRENCY, CURRENT, CURRICLE, CURRICULUM, CURSITOR, CURSIVE, CURSORY, CURULE, DECURRENT, DISCOURSE, EXCURSION, EXCURSUS, HUSSAR, INCUR, INCURSION, INTERCOURSE, OCCUR, PERCURRENT, PRECURSOR, RECOURSE, RECUR, SUCCOR. G Exkurs, Exkursion, Konkurrent, Konkurs, Korridor, Korso, Kurier, Kurs, kursieren, kursiv, kursorisch, Parcours. It accorrere. F accourir. Sp acorrer. Pg acorrer.

curtus (L) 'short, shortened, mutilated' (*sker-1): CURT, CURTAL, CURTAIL, KIRTLE. G kurz.

curvus (L) 'bent, curved' (*sker-3): CURB, CURVATURE, CURVE, CURVET, CURVI- (as in CURVILINEAR). G Kurbe, Kurbel, kurbeln, Kurve.

cutis (L) 'skin' (*skeu-): CUTANEOUS, CUTICLE, CUTIS, CUTIN.

damnum (L) 'loss, damage, harm, expenditure': CONDEMN, DAMAGE, DAMN, DAMNIFY, INDEMNITY.

Danênsis (ML) `Danish': DANISH.

dare (L) 'to give, put' (*dô-): ADD, ADDENDUM, ADDITION, BETRAY, DADO, DATE, DATIVE, DATUM, DIE, EDIT, EDITION, EDITOR, PERDITION, PERDU, RENDER, RENT, SURRENDER, TRADITION, TRAITOR, TREASON, VEND. G addieren, Dativ, Datum.

dê, dê- (L) 'from, of, down from, off, concerning': DE, DE-, (as in DEFEND, DECREASE), PEDESTAL, PEDIGREE. G de-.

dêbêre (L) 'to owe' (dê + *ghabh-): DEBENTURE, DEBIT, DEBT, DEBTOR, DEVOIR, DUE, DUTY, ENDEAVOR.

dêbilis (L) 'weak' (*de- + *bel-): DEBILITATE, DEBILITY.

dêbilis (L) 'weak' (*de- + *bel-): DEBILITATE, DEBILITY. It debole. Sp endeble.

decem (L) 'ten' (*dekm): DECEMBER, DECEMVIR, DECENARY, DECENNIUM, DECENNIAL, DECI-, DECIMAL, DECIMATE, DECUPLE, DECURION, DECUSSATE, DICKER, DIME, DOZEN, DUODECIMAL, OCTODECIMO, QUINDECENNIAL, SEXTODECIMO. G Dezember, Dezi-, dezimal, Dezimeter, dezimieren.

decêre (L) 'to be fitting' (*dek-1): DECENCY, DECENT. G dezent.

decor (L) 'seemliness, elegance, beauty' (*dek-1): DECOR, DECORATE, DECOROUS, DECORUM. G dekorieren.

dêfendere (L) 'to ward off, protect' (dê + *gwhen-1): DEFEND, DEFENSE, FENCE, FEND. G defensiv.

dêlêre (L) 'to wipe out, efface': DELETE, DELETION, INDELIBLE.

dêlicâtus (L) 'alluring, charming, dainty': DELICACY, DELICATE, DELICATESSEN. G delikat, Delikatesse.

-dem (L), demonstrative suffix: IBIDEM, ID., IDEM, TANDEM.

dênî (L) 'by tens, ten each' (*dekm): DENARIUS, DENIER.

dêns (L) 'tooth' (*dent-): BIDENT, DANDELION, DENTAL, DENTATE, DENTI-, DENTICLE, DENTIFRICE, DENTINE, DENTIST, DENTURE, EDENTATE, EDENTULOUS, INDENT, INDENTURE, TRIDENT. G Dentist.

dênsus (L) 'thick, dense' (*dens-2): DENSE, DENSITY, CONDENSE, CONDENSATION. G kondensieren.

dêsîderâre (L) 'to long for, investigate' (dê + *sweid-1): DESIRE.

dêstinâre (L) 'to make firm, establish' (dê + *stâ-): DESTINATION, DESTINE, DESTINY.

dêterior (L) 'worse' (*de-): DETERIORATE, DETERIORATION.

deus (L) 'deity, god' (*deiw-): ADIEU, DEICIDE, DEIFIC, DEIFY, DEISM, DEITY, JOSS. G adieu.

dexter (L) 'right, on the right side, right-handed, skilful': AMBIDEXTER, AMBIDEXTROUS, DESTRIER, DEXTER, DEXTERITY, DEXTEROUS, DEXTRO-.

Diâna (L), moon goddess (*deiw-): DIANA.

dicâre (L) 'to make known, proclaim' (*deik-): ABDICATE, DEDICATE, PREACH, PREDICATE. G Prädikat, predigen.

dîcere (L) 'to say, tell, appoint, allot' (*deik-): ADDICT, BENEDICITE, BENEDICT, BENEDICTION, BENEDICTINE, CONDITION, CONTRADICT, DICTAPHONE, DICTATE, DICTION, DICTIONARY, DICTUM, DITTO, DITTY, EDICT, FATIDIC, INDICT, INDITE, INTERDICT, JURIDICAL, JURISDICTION, MALEDICTION, PREDICT, PREDICTION, VALEDICTION, VERDICT, VERIDICAL, VOIR_DIRE. G dichten.

diês (L) 'day' (*deiw-): ADJOURN, CIRCADIAN, DIAL, DIARY, DIET, DISMAL, DIURNAL, JOURNAL, JOURNALISM, JOURNEY, MERIDIAN, QUOTIDIAN, SOJOURN. G Diäten, Journal.

digitus (L) 'finger, toe' (*deik-): DIGIT, DIGITALIS.

dignus (L) 'worthy, deserving, fitting' (*dek-1): CONDIGN, DAINTY, DEIGN, DIGNIFY, DIGNITARY, DIGNITY, DISDAIN, INDIGN, INDIGNANT. G indigniert.

dîrus (L) 'fearful, horrible' (*dwei-): DIRE.

dis-, dî-, di-, dir- (L) 'asunder, apart': DIS-. G dis-.

discere (L) 'to learn' (*dek-1): DISCIPLE, DISCIPLINE. G Disziplin.

discrîmen (L) 'distinction' (dis- + *krei-): DISCRIMINATE. G diskriminieren.

dissipâre (L) 'to disperse' (rel. to supâre 'to throw'): DISSIPATE.

dîves (L) 'rich' (*deiw-): DIVES.

dîvidere (L) 'to separate, remove, apportion' (dis- + *weidh-): DEVICE, DEVISE, DIVIDE, DIVIDEND, DIVISION, INDIVIDUAL. G Devise, Devisen, Dividende, dividieren, Division, Individuum.

dîvus (L) 'divine, godlike' (*deiw-): DIVA, DIVINATION, DIVINE. G Diva.

docêre (L) 'to teach' (*dek-1): DOCENT, DOCILE, DOCTOR, DOCTRINAIRE, DOCTRINE, DOCUMENT. G Doktor, Doktrin, Dokument, dozieren.

dolâre (L) 'to chisel, hew' (*del-3): DOLABRIFORM.

dolêre (L) 'to suffer': CONDOLE, CONDOLENCE, DOLE, DOLOR, DOLOROUS, INDOLENCE, INDOLENT.

dolus (L) 'ruse, trick,' perhaps from Gr dólos: SEDULOUS.

domâre (L) 'to tame, subdue' (*demª-2): DAUNT, INDOMINABLE. G Dompteur.

domicilium (L) 'dwelling' (*demª-1): DOMICILE, DOMICILIARY.

dominus (L) 'lord, master' (*demª-1): CONDOMINIUM, DAM, DAME, DAMSEL, DAN, DANGER, DEMESNE, DOM, DOMAIN, DOMINANT, DOMINATE, DOMINEER, DOMINICAL, DOMINICAN, DOMINIE, DOMINION, DOMINO, DON, DON, DUENNA, DUNGEON, MADAM, MADAME, MADEMOISELLE, MADONNA, PREDOMINATE. G Domäne, dominieren, Domino, Dame, Madam, Madonna, Primadonna.

domus (L) 'house' (*demª-1): DOME, DOMESTIC, DOMESTICATE, DONA, DUOMO, MAJOR-DOMO. G Dom.

dônum (L) 'gift' (*dô-): CONDONE, DONATE, DONOR, PARDON. G Pardon.

dormîre (L) 'to sleep': DORMANT, DORMER, DORMITION, DORMITORY, DORTER.

dorsum (L) 'back, spine': DORSAL, DORSI-, DORSO-, DORSUM, DOSS, DOSSAL, DOSSER, DOSSIER, ENDORSE, ENDORSEMENT, EXTRADOS, INTRADOS, REREDOS.

dôs (L) 'dowry' (*dô-): ENDOW, DOWAGER, DOWER, DOWRY.

drappus (LL) 'cloth' (< Celtic): DRAB, DRAPE, DRAPERY, TRAPS, TRAPPINGS.

druides (L) 'druids' (prob. < Celtic < *deru + *weid-): DRUID.

druides (L) 'druids' (prob. < Celtic < *deru + *weid-): DRUID. If this etymology is correct the orig. sense may have been 'tree-knower,' since trees (particularly the oak) played an important role in the rites performed by druidic priests in ancient Gaul and Britain.

drûpa, druppa (L) 'overripe olive,' prob. from Gr drúpeps, doublet of drupepê's (L) 'tree-ripened': DRUPE.

dubitâre (L) 'to waver, hesitate, doubt' and dubius (L) 'doubtful` (*dwo- + *bheuª-): DOUBT, DUBIETY, DUBIOUS, INDUBITABLE, REDOUBTABLE. G dubios.

dubitâre (L) 'to waver, hesitate, doubt' and dubius 'doubtful' (*dwo- + *bheuª-): DOUBT, DUBIETY, DUBIUS, INDUBITABLE, REDOUBTABLE. F douter, redouter. Sp dudar. P duvidar.

dûcere (L) 'to lead, bring' (*deuk-): ABDUCT, ABDUCTION, ADDUCE, ADDUCTOR, AQUEDUCT, CON, CONDOTTIERE, CONDUCE, CONDUCIVE, CONDUCT, CONDUCTOR, DEDUCE, DEDUCT, DEDUCTION, DOGATE, DOGE, DOUCHE, DUCAL, DUCAT, DUCE, DUCHESS, DUCHY, DUCT, DUCTILE, DUKE, EDUCE, ENDUE, INDUCE, INDUCT, INDUCTIVE, INTRODUCE, INTRODUCTION, PRODUCE, PRODUCT, PRODUCTION, REDOUBT, REDUCE, REDUCTION, SEDUCE, SEDUCTION, SUBDUE, TRADUCE, TRANSDUCER. G Dukaten, Dusche, produzieren, reduzieren, Viadukt.

dulcis (L) 'sweet' (*dlk-u-): BILLET-DOUX, DOLCE, DOUCE, DOUCEUR, DULCET, DULCIANA, DULCIFY, DULCIMER.

duo (L) 'two' (*dwo-): DEUCE, DOZEN, DUAL, DUET, DUO, DUO-. G Duett, Duo, Dutzend.

duplex (L) 'double' (*dwo- + *plek-): DUPLEX, DUPLICATE, DUPLICITY. G Duplikat, Duplizität.

duplus (L) 'double' (*dwo-): DOUBLE, DOUBLET, DOUBLOON, DOUBLURE, DUPLE. G doppelt, Double, Dublee, Dublett.

dûrus (L) 'hard,' not rel. to dûrâre 'to last' but confused with it and its derivative dûrâre 'to harden' at an early date so that the English words cannot be traced with certainty to one or the other (*deru): DOUR, DURABLE, DURA MATER, DURAMEN, DURANCE, DURATION, DURE, DURESS, DURING, DURO, DURUM, ENDURANCE, ENDURE, INDURATE, OBDURATE, PERDURABLE. G Dauer, dauern, Dur. F durer.

êbrius (L) 'drunk' (*êgwh-): EBRIETY, INEBRIATE.

ebur (L) 'ivor': EBURNATION, IVORY.

edere (L) 'to eat' (*ed-): COMEDO, COMESTIBLE, EDACIOUS, EDIBLE, ESCAROLE, ESCULENT, ESURIENT, OBESE, OBESITY.

êducâre (L) 'to lead out, bring up, educate' (ex + *deuk-): EDUCATE, EDUCATION.

egêre (L) 'to lack, need': INDIGENCE, INDIGENT.

ego (L) 'I' (*eg): EGO, EGOISM, EGOTISM. G Egoismus.

elementum (L) 'rudiment, first principle': ELEMENT, ELEMENTARY.

emere (L) 'to take, take for money, buy' (*em-): ADEEM, ADEMPTION, CAVEAT_EMPTOR, DIRIMENT, EXAMPLE, EXEMPLARY, EXEMPLIFY, EXEMPT, EXEMPTION, IMPROMPTU, IRREDENTIST, PEREMPTORY, PREEMPTION, PREMIUM, PROMPT, RANSOM, REDEEM, REDEMPTION, SAMPLE, VINTAGE. G Exempel, Exemplar, Impromptu, Prämie, prompt.

ênsis (L) 'sword': ENSIFORM.

equus (L) 'horse' (*ekwo-)ekwo-): EQUESTRIAN, EQUINE, EQUITANT, EQUITATION, EQUISETUM, EQUULEUS.

ergô (L) 'therefore, in consequence of': ARGAL, ERGO.

errâre (L) 'to wander, stray, be mistaken' (*ers-1): ABERRANT, ABERRATION, ARRANT, ERR, ERRATIC, ERRATUM, ERRONEOUS, ERROR. G irre.

êrûca (L) 'caterpillar, plant with downy stems' (*ghers-): ROCKET.

ervum (L) 'bitter vetch': ERVIL.

esse (L) 'to be' (*es-): ABSENCE, ABSENT, ABSENTEE, ENS, ENTITY, ESSENCE, ESSENTIAL, IMPROVE, INTEREST, PRESENCE, PRESENT, PROUD, PRUDE, PRUDISH, QUINTESSENCE, REPRESENT. G Essenz, Interesse, Präsens, prosit, prüde, repräsentieren. It senza. F absence, preux, sans.

et (L) 'and, furthermore' (*eti): ET_CETERA.

ex, â-, ec- (L) 'out of, away from' (*eghs): E- (as in EBULLIENT, EDICT), ES- (as in ESCAPE, ESCORT), EX- (as in EXACT, EXPEL), EX. G ex-.

excellere (L) 'to raise up, be eminent' (ex + *kel-6): EXCELL, EXCELLENT. G exzellent.

expedîre (L) 'to free from a snare, extricate, make ready, put in order, be serviceable' (ex + *ped-1): EXPEDITE, EXPEDITION, EXPEDITIOUS. G expedieren, Spediteur, Spedition.

experîrî (L) 'to try, learn by trying' (ex + *per-4): EXPERIENCE, EXPERIMENT, EXPERT. G Experiment, Experte.

exterus (L) 'outward' (*eghs): ESTRANGE, EXTRA, EXTRA-, EXTERIOR, EXTERNAL, EXTRANEOUS, EXTREME, STRANGE, STRANGER. G extern, extra.

extrêmus (L) 'outermost' (*eghs): EXTREME. G extrem.

exuere (L) 'to doff, divest oneself' (ex + *eu-1): EXUVIAE.

exul, exsul (L) 'exiled person' (ex + *al-2): EXILE. G Exil. F exil.

faba (L) 'broad bean' (*bha-bhâ-): FAVA_BEAN. It faba, favareggio, favarone. F fève. Sp haba. Pg fava.

faber (L) 'artisan, worker in metal or other hard material' (prob. *dhabh-): FABRIC, FABRICATE, FORGE, FORGERY. G Fabrik.

facere (L) 'to do, make' (*dhê-1): AFFAIR, AFFECT, AFFETTUOSO, AMPLIFY, ARTIFACT, ARTIFICE, ARTIFICIAL, BEATIFIC, BEATIFY, BENEFACTION, BENEFICE, BENEFICENCE, BENEFIT, CHAFE, CHAUFFEUR, COMFIT, CONFECT, CONFETTI, COUNTERFEIT, DEFEASANCE, DEFEAT, DEFECT, DEFICIENT, DEFICIT, DISCOMFIT, EDIFICE, EDIFY, EFFECT, EFFICIENT, EFFICACIOUS, FACSIMILE, FACT, FACTOTUM, FASHION, FEATURE, FECKLESS, FETISH, -FEX (as in SPINIFEX, TUBIFEX), FIANT, FIAT, FORFEIT, HACIENDA, INFECT, JUSTIFY, MALEFACTOR, MALFEASANCE, MANUFACTURE, MISFEASANCE, MODIFY, MOLLIFY, NIDIFY, NIGRIFY, NOTIFY, NULLIFY, OFFICE, OFFICER, OFFICIAL, PERFECT, PETRIFY, PLUPERFECT, PREFECT, PROFICIENT, PROFIT, PUTREFY, QUALIFY, RAREFY, RECTIFY, REFECT, REFECTORY, RUBEFACIENT, SACRIFICE, SUFFICE, SUFFICIENT, SURFEIT, SCIRE FACIAS, TUMEFACIENT, VIVIFY. Cf. G Affäre, Affekt, affektiert, Defätismus, defekt, Defizit, Effekt, Faksimile, faktitiv, Faktor, Faktotum, Faktum, Faktur, Fasson, Fazit, Fetisch.

facêtus (L) 'elegant, fine, witty, facetious': FACETE, FACETIOUS, FACETIAE.

faciês (L) 'shape, face' (*dhê-1): FAÇADE, FACE, FACET, FACIAL, FACIES, DEFACE, EFFACE, SURFACE, PRIMA FACIE. G Facette, Fassade.

facilis (L) 'feasible, easy' (*dhê-1): DIFFICULTY, FACILE, FACILITY, FACULTATIVE, FACULTY. G Fakultät, fakultativ.

faex (L) 'dregs': FECAL, FECES, FECULENT.

falcô (LL) 'falcon, hawk' (< Gmc, prob. < *pel-2): FALCON. Cf. G Falke.

faldistolium (ML) 'folding chair' (< Gmc < *stâ- + *pel-3): FALDSTOOL. G Fauteuil.

faldistolium (ML), 'folding chair' (< Gmc < *stâ- + *pel-3): FALDSTOOL. G Fauteuil.

fallere (L) 'to deceive, disappoint, fail, escape': FAIL, FAILURE, FALLACY, FALLIBLE, FALSE, FALSETTO. G falsch, fälschen,

faluppa (ML) 'fiber, something worthless': FRIPPERY.

falx (L) 'sickle': FALCATE, FALCHION, FALCIFORM.

fâma (L) 'talk about another person, reputation (good or bad), fame' (*bhâ-2): DEFAMATION, DEFAME, FAME, FAMOUS, INFAMOUS, INFAMY. G famos, diffamieren, infam.

famês (L) 'hunger': FAMINE, FAMISH.

famulus (L) 'servant': FAMILIAR, FAMILY, FAMULUS. G Familie, Famulus.

fânum (L) 'temple' (*dhês-): FAN, FANATIC, FANE, PROFANE. G fanatisch, profan.

far (L) 'spelt, grain, flour' (*bhares-): FARINA, FARINACEOUS, FARRAGO. It farro. Pg farro.

farcîre (L) 'to cram, stuff' (*bhrekw-): FARCE, FARCICAL, FARCY, INFARCT. G Farce. F farcir.

fârî (L) 'to speak' (*bhâ-2): AFFABLE, EFFABLE, FABLE, FABULOUS, FANTOCCINI, INEFFABLE, INFANCY, INFANT, INFANTA, INFANTE, INFANTRY, PREFACE, PREFATORY. G Fabel, Fabulant, fabulieren, Fabulist, Infanterie, infantil. It favola, fiaba, fola. F fable, fabler, hâbler. Sp hablar. Pg falar.

-fârius (L), suffix with multiplicative meaning: MULTIFARIOUS, OMNIFARIOUS.

fâs (L) 'divine law, right, permission, command' (*dhê-1): NEFARIOUS.

fascia (L) 'band (of cloth), bandage' (*bhasko-): FASCIA, FESS. It fascia, fasciare. F faisse, faisser. Sp faja, fasquía. Pg faixa, fasquia.

fascinus, fascinum (L) 'evil spell, phallus-shaped amulet worn to ward off the evil eye, phallus' (prob. *bhasko-): FASCINATION, FASCINATE. G faszinieren. It affascinare. F fasciner.

fascis (L) 'bound packet, bundle, fagot' (*bhasko-): FASCES, FASCICLE, FASCICULE, FASCINE, FASCISM. G Faschismus. It fascetto, fascio, fastello. F affaisser, faisseau, faix. Sp fajo, haz. Pg feixe.

fastîgium (L) 'slope, sloping roof, pediment of a roof, summit (of a mountain), top (of a tree)' (*bhar-): FASTIGIATE, FASTIGIUM. Sp hastial.

fastus (L) 'proud manner, pride, disdain': FASH, FASTIDIDIOUS.

fatêrî (L) 'to admit, acknowledge one's error, proclaim' (*bhâ-2): CONFESS, CONFESSION, CONFESSOR, PROFESS, PROFESSION, PROFESSOR. G Konfession, Profession, professionell, Professor.

fatîgâre (L) 'to exhaust (as with riding, working), weary, harass': FATIGUE, INDEFATIGABLE.

fâtum (L) 'destiny, fate' (*bhâ-2): FAIRY, FATAL, FATA MORGANA, FATE, FAY. G fatal, Fata Morgana, Fee, gefeit. F feu. Sp hado.

fatuus (L) 'silly, fatuous': FATUITY, FATUOUS.

Faunus (L), god or demigod worshipped by shepherds and farmers and identified with Pan: FAUN, FAUNA, FAUNUS. G Faun, Fauna.

faux (L) 'throat': FAUCAL, FAUCES, SUFFOCATE.

favêre (L) 'to favor, regard with goodwill, be favorable' (*ghow-ê-): FAVOR, FAVORITE.

Favônius (L) 'west wind': FAVONIAN, FOEHN.

favus (L) 'honeycomb': FAVEOLATE.

fax (L) 'flame, torch': FACULA. G Fackel.

febris (L) 'fever': FEBRIFUGE, FEBRILE, FEVER, FEVERFEW. G Fieber.

februus (L) 'purifying (in religious sense)': FEBRUARY. G Februar.

fêcundus (L) 'fruitful, prolific' (*dhêi-): FECUND, FECUNDITY.

fel (L) 'bile' (*ghel-2): FELON.

fêlâre, fêllâre (L) 'to suck' (*dhêi-): FELLATIO.

fêlês (L) 'cat': FELINE.

fêlîx (L) 'fruitful, fertile, lucky, happy' (*dhêi-): FELICIFIC, FELICITATE, FELICITY, FELIX, INFELICITY.

fellô (ML) 'traitor, wicked or treacherous person': FELO_DE_SE, FELON, FELONIOUS, FELONY.

fêmina (L) 'female, woman' (*dhêi-): EFFEMINATE, FEMALE, FEME, FEMINIE, FEMININE. G feminin.

femur (L) 'thigh': FEMORAL, FEMUR.

fenestra (L) 'opening in the wall, window': DEFENESTRATION. G Fenster.

fênum, faenum (L) 'hay' (*dhêi-): FENNEL, FENUGREEK, FINOCHIO, SAINFOIN.

fêrâlis (L) 'concerning the dead': FERAL.

fêriae (L), pl. 'holiday' (*dhês-): FAIR, FERIA, FERIAL. G Feier, Ferien.

ferîre (L) 'to strike, cut': INTERFERE, INTERFERENCE.

fermentum (L) 'yeast' (*bhreu-2): FERMENT, FERMENTATION. G Ferment. Pg formento.

ferôx (L) 'fierce' (*ghwer- + *okw-): FEROCIOUS, FEROCITY.

ferre (L) 'to carry, bring' (*bher-1): AFFERENT, CONFER, CONFERENCE, DEFER, DEFERENCE, DIFFER, DIFFER, DIFFERENCE, EFFERENT, -FER, FERACIOUS, FERACITY, FERTILE, FERTILITY, FERTILIZE, INFER, INFERENCE, OFFER, OFFERTORY, PREFER, PREFERNCE, PROFFER, REFER, REFEREE, REFERENCE, REFERENDUM, SUFFER, SUFFERANCE, TRANSFER, TRANSFERANCE, VOCIFERATE, VOCIFEROUS. G Conférence, Differenz, differieren, -fer, Fertilität, konferieren, Luzifer, offerieren, referieren.

ferrum (L) 'iron, object made of iron': FARRIER, FARRIERY, FER-DE-LANCE, FERREOUS, FERRI-, FERRO-, FERROUS, FERRUGIOUS.

ferula (L) 'fennel, rod or cane used to punish': FERULA, FERULE.

ferus (L) 'wild' (*ghwer-): FERAL, FIERCE.

fervêre (L) 'to boil, glow, ferment' (*bhreu-2): COMFREY, EFFERVESCE, EFFERVESCENT, FERVENT, FERVID, FERVOR. F effervescent, fervent, ferveur.

festînâre (L) 'to hasten, hurry': FESTINATE.

festûca (L) 'stalk, stem': FESCUE.

fêstus (L) 'festive, joyous' (*dhês-): FEAST, -FEST, FESTAL, FESTIVAL, FESTIVE, FESTIVITY, FESTOON, FêTE, FIESTA, GABFEST. G Fest, Fete, Fez.

fêtus (L) 'pregnancy, child-bearing, offspring' (*dhêi-): EFFETE, FAWN, FETAL, FETICIDE, FETUS, SUPERFETATE.

feudum, feodum (ML) 'feudal estate' (< Gmc < *peku-): FEUD, FEUDAL, INFEUDATION. G feudal.

fî (L), expression of disgust at a bad smell: FIE.

fibra (L) 'fiber, filament': FIBER, FIBRO-, FIBROUS.

fîbula (L) ' 'buckle, brooch, clasp': FIBULA.

fîcus (L) 'fig tree, fig': FIG, FIGWORT. G Feige. F figue.

fîdere (L) 'to trust, confide' (*bheidh-): AFFIANCE, AFFIDAVIT, CONFIDANT, CONFIDE, CONFIDENT, CONFIDENTIAL, DEFY, DEFIANCE, DIFFIDENT, FIANCê, FIDUCIAL, FIDUCIARY. It fidanza, fidanzare, fidare, sfidare. F défier, fiance, fiançailles, fiancer, fier. Sp desafiar, fiar. Pg desafiar, fiar.

fidês (L) 'faith, trust, agreement, guarantee, loyalty' (*bheidh-): FAITH, FAY, FEALTY, FIDEISM, FIDELITY, INFIDEL, PERFIDIOUS, PERFIDY, SOLIFIDIAN. G fidel, Föderation. It fede, fedina, gnaffè. F fidèle, foi. Sp fe. Pg fe.

fierî (L) 'to become' (*bheuª-): FIAT.

fîgere (L) 'to fasten, fix' (*dhîgw-): AFFICHE, AFFIX, ANTEFIX, CRUCIFIX, CRUCIFY, FICHU, FIX, FIXATE, FIXITY, FIXTURE, INFIX, MICROFICHE, PREFIX, SUFFIX, TRANSFIX. G fix, Kruzifix, Präfix, Suffix.

figûra (L) 'form, shape' (*dheigh-): CONFIGURATION, DISFIGURE,FIGURANT, FIGURATIVE, FIGURE, FIGURINE, PREFIGURE, TRANSFIGURE. G Figur.

fîlius (L) 'son,' fem. fîlia 'daughter': AFFILIATE, FILIAL, FILIATE, FILIATION, FILICIDE, FITZHIDALGO. G Filiale, Filius.

filtrum (ML) 'piece of felt used to strain liquid' (< Gmc < *pel-6): FILTER, FILTRATE, INFILTRATE. G Filter, infiltrieren.

fîlum (L) 'thread': DEFILE, ENFILADE, FILAMENT, FILAR, FILARIA, FILASSE, FILATE, FILATURE, FILE, FILET, FILIFORM, FILIGREE, FILLET, FILOPLUME, FILOSE, FILOSUS, FILUM, PROFILE, PURFLE. G Filet, Filigran, Profil.

fimbriae (L), pl. 'fibers, shreds, threads, fringe': FIMBRIA, FIMBRIATE, FRINGE. G Franse. It frangia. F Frange.

findere (L) 'to split, cleave' (*bheid-): -FID (as in BIFID), PALMATIFID, FISSI-, FISSILE, FISSION, FISSURE. G fissil, Fission, Fissur. It fendere. F fendre. Sp hender. Pg fender.

fingere (L) 'to shape, conceive, contrive' (*dheigh-): EFFIGY, FAINT, FEIGN, FEINT, FICTILE, FICTION, FICTIOUS, FIGMENT. G Fiction, fingieren, Finte.

fînis (L) 'end, border, boundary, limit': AFFINE, AFFINED, AFFINITY, DEFINE, DEFINITE, DEFINITIVE, FINAL, FINALLY, FINANCE, FINE, FINESSE, FINIAL, FINICAL, FINICKY, FINIS, FINISH, FINITE, INFINITE, PARAFFIN, REFINERY. G definieren, fein, final, Finale, Finanzen, Finesse, Infinitive, Paraffin, Raffinade, Raffinerie, raffiniert.

firmus (L) 'firm, strong' (*dher-2): AFFIRM, CONFIRM, FARM, FERMATA, FIRM, FIRMAMENT, INFIRM, INFIRMARY. G firm, Firma, Firmament, firmen, konfirmieren.

fiscus (L) 'basket, purse, treasury': CONFISCATE, FISC, FISCAL. G Fiskal, fiskalisch, Fiskus, konfiszieren.

fistula (L) 'pipe, tube, fistula': FISTULA. G Fistel, fistelig, fisteln, Fistelstimme, Fistula.

flaccus (L) 'hanging, flabby': FLACCID.

fladô (LL) 'flat cake, pancake' (*plat-): FLAN.

flâgitâre (L) 'to demand importunately' (*bhlag-): FLAGITIOUS.

flagrâre (L) 'to blaze, be inflamed, burn' (*bhel-1): CONFLAGRATION, DEFLAGRATE, FLAGRANT. G flagrant.

flagrum (L) 'whip, scourge' (*bhlag-): FLAGELLATE, FLAGELLUM, FLAIL, FLOG. G Flegel. F fléau.

flâmen (L) 'priest of some particular deity': FLAMEN.

flamma (L) 'flame' (*bhel-1): FLAMBEAU, FLAMBOYANT, FLAME, FLAMINGO, FLAMMABLE, FLAMMENWERFER, INFLAMATION, INFLAME. G Flamino, Flamme. It fiamma, fiammare, fiammola. F flaman, flambe, flambeau, flamber, flamme, flammer. Sp chamuscar,

flamenco, llama. Pg chamiço, chamma, chamuscar, flamengo.

flare (L) 'to blow' (*bhlê-2): AFFLATUS, CONFLATION, DEFLATE, FLABELLATE, FLABELLI-, FLABELLUM, FLATUS, FLAVOR, INFLATION, INFLATE, SOUFFLé. G soufflieren.

flascô (LL), ML flasca 'bottle': FIASCO, FLAGON, FLASK, FLASKET. G Fiaska, Flakon, Flasche.

flâvus (L) 'golden yellow, blond' (*bhel-1): FLAVESCENT, FLAVIN, FLAVO- (as in FLAVOPROTEIN), FLAVONE.

flectere (L) 'to bend': CIRCUMFLEX, DEFLECT, FLEX, FLEXIBLE, FLEXION, FLEXOR, FLEXUOUS, FLEXURE, INFLECT, REFLECT, REFLEX. G flektieren, flexibel, reflektieren, Reflex, Reflexion, reflexiv.

flêrê (L) 'to weep' (*bhlê-1): FEEBLE. G Faible. It fievole. F faible. Sp feble. Pg febre.

flîgere (L) 'to strike': AFFLICT, CONFLICT, INFLICT, PROFLIGATE.

floccus (L) 'tuft of wool': FLOCCOSE, FLOCCULATE, FLOCCULE, FLOCCULENT, FLOCK. G Flocke.

flôs (L) 'flower' (*bhel-3): CAULIFLOWER, DEFLOWER, EFFLORESCE, ENFLEURAGE, FERRET, FLEUR-DE-LIS, FLEURY, FLORA, FLORA, FLORAL, FLOREGIULM, FLORENCE, FLORET, FLORIATED, FLORID, FLORIN, FLORIST, FLORUIT, -FLOROUS, FLOSCULE, FLOUR, FLOURISH, FLOWER. G Flor, Flora, Florett, florieren, Floskel. It fiore, fioretto, fiorino, fiorume. F fleur, fleuret, florin. Sp flor, florete, florín. Pg chorado, chorudo, chorume, flor, florim, frol.

fluere (L) 'to flow' (*bhleu-): AFFLUENT, CONFLUENT, EFFLUENT, EFFLUVIUM, EFFLUX, FLUCTUATE, FLUENT, FLUID, FLUME, FLUO-, FLUOR, FLUORESCENT, FLUORO-, FLUORIDE, FLUSH, FLUVIAL, FLUVIOMARINE, FLUX, INFLUENCE, INFLUENZA, MELLIFLUOUS, REFLUX, SUPERFLUOUS. G Fluidum, Influenza. It fiume. F fleuve. Pg frouxo.

focus (L) 'fire, hearth': FOCAL, FOCUS, FOYER, FUEL, FUSIL, FUSILIER, FUSILLADE. G fachen, Fächer, Foyer.

fodere (L) 'to dig' (*bhedh-): FOSSA, FOSSE, FOSSIL, FOSSORIAL.

foedus (L) 'treaty, league, covenant' (*bheidh-): CONFEDERATE, FEDERAL, FEDERATE.

foetêre, fêtêre (L) 'to stink': ASAFOETIDA, FETID, FETOR.

folium (L) 'leaf' (*bhel-3): CINQUEFOIL, DEFOLIATE, EXFOLIATE, FEUILLETON, FOIL, FOLIAGE, FOLIO, FOLIUM, MILFOIL, PORTFOLIO, TREFOIL. G Feuilleton, Folie, Folio. It foglia, foglietta, foglio. F feuille, feuiller, folie. Sp hoja. Pg folha, folho.

follis (L) 'inflated leather bag or ball, bellows, ball, money bag' (*bhel-2): FOLLICLE, FOOL. It folle, folleggiare, folletto. F follet, fou. Sp desollar, fol, fuelle. Pg folle.

fôns (L) 'spring, fountain': FONT, FOUNTAIN. G Fontäne.

forâre (L) 'to pierce, bore' (*bher-2): BIFORATE, FORAMEN, PERFORATE. It foracchiare, forare. Sp horacar, horaco. Pg buracar, buraco, furar.

forâs (L) 'outside, outdoors' (*dhwer-): FOREIGN.

forceps (L) 'fire tongs' (*gwher- + *kap-): FORCEPS.

forfex (L) 'scissors': FORFICATE.

forîs (L) 'outdoors' (*dhwer-): AFFOREST, FAUBOURG, FOREST, FORECLOSE, FORFEIT, HORS D'OEUVRE.

fôrma (L) 'form, shape, contour, appearance, beauty': CONFORM, DEFORM, FORM, -FORM, FORMAL, FORMAT, FORMULA, FORMULATE, PRO_FORMA. G deformieren, Form, formal, Format, Formation, Formel, formieren, pro forma.

formîca (L) 'ant' (*morwi-): FORMIC, FORMICARY.

fornâx, fornus, furnâx (L) 'oven' (*gwher-): FORNAX, FURNACE, HORNITO.

fornix (L) 'arch, vault' (prob. *gwher-): FORNICATE.

fors (L) 'chance, luck': FORTUITOUS FORTUNE.

fortis (L) 'strong': COMFORT, DEFORCE, EFFORT, ENFORCE, FORCE, FORT, FORTALICE, FORTE, FORTIFY, FORTIS, FORTISSIMO, FORTITUDE, FORTRESS, PIANOFORTE, REINFORCE. G forcieren, forsch, Fort, forte, Komfort.

forum (L) 'enclosed space around a home, marketplace' (*dhwer-): FORENSIC, FORUM.

fovea (L) 'small pit': FOVEA.

fovêre (L) 'to heat': FOMENT. G Föhn.

fragrâre (L) 'to smell strongly, pleasantly' (*bhrag-): FLAIR, FRAGRANT. F flairer. Pg cheirar, cheiro, faro.

frâter (L) 'brother' (*bhrâter-): CONFRERE, FRA, FRATER, FRATERNAL, FRATRICIDE, FRIAR. G fraternisieren. It frate, fratello, fratessa. F frairie, frère. Sp fraile, fraire, fray. Pg frade, fradinho, frei, freira, freire.

Francus (LL), Germanic tribal name (*Frankon-): FRANCE, FRANCHISE, FRANCIS, FRANK, FRANK. G Franc, frank, franko.

frangere (L) 'to break' (*bhreg-): ANFRACTUOUS, CHAMFER, DIFFRACTION, DRACAS, FRACTED, FRACTION, FRACTIOUS, FRACTURE, FRAGILE, FRAGMENT, FRANGIBLE, FRAIL, INFRACT, INFRANGIBLE, INFRINGE, IRREFRAGIBLE, OSPREY, OSSIFRAGE, REFRACT, REFRAIN, REFRINGENT, SAXIFRAGE, SEPTIFRAGAL. G Fragement, Fraktion, Fraktur, Refrain. It fragente, frangere, frantoio, frantume. F enfreindre, frein, freindre. Pg franger.

fraus (L) 'deceit, deception, fraud': FRAUD, FRAUDULENT.

fraxinus (L) 'ash tree' (prob. < *bherªg-): FRAXINELLA. It frassineto, frassino. F frêne, frênaie. Sp fresneda, fresno. Pg freixo.

fremere (L) 'to growl, roar': FREMITUS.

frendere (L) 'to grind the teeth' (*ghrendh-): FRAISE.

frênum (L) 'horse's bit, bridle' (*ghrendh-): CHAMFRON, FRENUM, REFRAIN.

frequêns (L) 'frequent, crowded' (prob. *bhrekw-): FREQUENT. G Frequenz.

friâre (L) 'to crumble': FRIABLE.

fricâre (L) 'to rub': AFFRICATE, DENTIFRICE, FRAY, FRICATIVE, FRICTION.

frîgere (L) 'to roast, fry': FRICASSEE, FRICANDEAU, FRISEUR, FRIZETTE, FRY. G Frikadelle, Frikassee, Friseur, frisieren, Frisur, Pommes frites. F frire, friser.

frîgus (L) 'cold, coolness': FRIGID, REFRIGERATE.

fringilla (L) 'finch': FINGILLACEOUS, FRINGILLID.

Frisii (L), 'the Frisians': FRIEZE, FRISIAN.

frîvolus (L) 'silly, trifling': FRIVOLOUS. G frivol.

frôns (L) 'branch, leaf': FROND, FRONDESCENT, FRONDOSE.

frôns (L) 'front, forehead': AFFRONT, FRONT, FRONTIER. G Affront, Front, konfrontieren.

fruî (L) 'to enjoy' (*bhrûg-): FRUIT, FRUITION, FRUMENTACEOUS, FRUCTIFY. G Frucht. It frutta, frutto. F fruit. Pg fruto.

frûstra (L) 'in vain, in error, uselessly': FRUSTRATE. G Frust.

frustum (L) 'piece' (*bhreus-2): FRUSTULE, FRUSTUM. It frusco, fruscolo, frustino, frusto, frustolo.

frûx (L) 'fruit' (*bhrûg-): FRUGAL, FRUGIVOROUS. G frugal.

fûga (L) 'flight' (*bheug-1): FEBRIFUGE, -FUGE, FUGUE. G Fugue. It foga. F fougue. Sp fuga.

fugere (L) 'to flee' (*bheug-1): CENTRIFUGAL, FEVERFEW, FUGACIOUS, FUGIO, FUGITIVE, REFUGE, SUBTERFUGE. It fuggire. F fuir, furolle. Sp huir. Pg fugir.

fulcîre (L) 'to prop up, support' (*bhelg-): FULCRUM. It folcire.

fulgêre (L) 'to flash, shine' (*bhel-1): EFFULGENT, FOUDROYANT, FULGENT, FULGOR, FULGURATE, REFULGENT. It folgorare, folgore. F foudre.

fûlîgo (L) 'soot' (*dheu-1): FULIGINOUS.

fullô (L) 'fuller': FULL, FULLER.

fulmen (L) 'lightning, thunderbolt' (*bhel-1): FULMINATE.

fûmus (L) 'smoke' (*dheu-1): FUMARIC_ACID, FUMAROLE, FUMATORIUM, FUME, FUMIGATE, FUMITORY, PERFUME. G Parfüm.

funda (L) 'sling': FRONDE. G Fronde.

fundere (L) 'to pour' (*gheu-): AFFUSION, CIRCUMFUSE, CONFOUND, CONFUSE, DIFFUSE, EFFUSE, FOISON, FONDANT, FONDU, FONT, FOUND, FUNNEL, FUSE, FUSILE, FUSION, INFUSE, PERFUSE, PROFUSE, REFUND, REFUSE, SUFFUSE, TRANSFUSE. G Fusion, konfus.

fundus (L) 'bottom, base' (*bhudh-): FOND, FOUND, FOUNDER, FUND, FUNDAMENT, FUNDUS, LATIFUNDIUM, PROFOUND. G Fond, fundieren, Fundus, profund. It affondo, fondaccio, fondiglio, fondo. F enfoncer, foncer, fond, fondrilles. Sp ahondar, hondo. Pg afundar, fondo.

fungî (L) 'to discharge, perform': DEFUNCT, FUNCTION, FUNGIBLE, PERFUNCTORY. G fungieren, Funktion, funktionieren.

fûnus (L) 'funeral, death': FUNERAL.

fûr (L) 'thief' (prob. *bher-1): FERRET, FURTIVE, FURUNCLE. G Frett, Furunkel. It furare, furo. F furet.

furca (L) 'two-pronged fork, forked stake': FORK, FURCATE, FURCULA. G Forke.

furere (L) 'to be out of one's mind, rage': FURIES, FURIOSO, FURIOUS, FUROR, FURY. G Furie.

furfur (L) 'bran, scales': FURFUR, FURFURACEOUS, FURFURAL.

fuscina (L) 'trident': FOIN.

fuscus (L) 'dark, dusky' (*dheu-1): OBFUSCATE.

fustâneus (ML) 'cloth': FUSTANELLA, FUSTIAN.

fûstis (L) 'club': FUSTIGATE, FUSTY.

fûsus (L) 'spindle': FUSAIN, FUSE, FUSEE, FUSELAGE, FUSIFORM.

fûtilis (L) 'that which flows or allows to flow easily, worthless' (*gheu-): FUTILE.

futuere (L) 'to have intercourse with a woman': FOOTLE.

futûrus (L) 'that is to be, future,' suppletive future participle of esse (*bheuª-): FUTURE. G Futur.

gâius, gâia (L) 'jay': GAZETTE, JAY.

galbus (L) 'pale green, yellow': JAUNDICE.

galena (L) 'lead, ore': GALENA.

galeria (ML) 'church porch,' perhaps < ML galilaea: GALLERY. G Galerie.

Galfridu, Gaufridu (ML), masculine given name: JEFFREY.

galilaea (ML), name of a province of Palestine (see also ML galeria): GALILEE.

galla (L) 'gallnut': FALL.

gallêta (ML) 'jug, measure for wine': GALLON.

gallus (L) 'cock' (*gal-2): GALIMATIAS, GALLINACEOUS, GALLINULE.

garrîre (L) 'to chatter' (*gar-): GARRULOUS.

gaudêre (L) 'to rejoice' (*gâu-): ENJOY, GUAD, GAUDY, JOY, REJOICE.

gelâre (L) 'to freeze' (*gel-3): CONGEAL, GALANTINE, GELATIN, JELLY. G Gallert, Gelatine, Gelee.

gelû (L) 'frost, cold' (*gel-3): GELID.

geminus (L) 'twin': BIGEMINAL, GEMINI, GIMMAL, TRIGEMINUS.

gemma (L) 'bud, gem': GEM, GEMMA, GEMMATE, GEMMULE. G Gemme.

genista, genesta, genestra, ginestra (L) 'the broom plant': PLANTAGENET.

genius (L) 'procreative divinity, inborn tutelary spirit, innate quality' (*genª-): GENIAL, GENIUS. G Genie, Genius.

gêns (L) 'race, clan' (*genª-): GENDARME, GENS, GENTILE, GENTEEL, GENTLE, GENTLEMAN. G Gendarm, Gentleman.

genû (L) 'knee' (*genu-1): GENICULATE, GENUFLECT, GENUINE.

genus (L) 'race, kind' (*genª-): CONGENER, CONGENIAL, DEGENERATE, ENGENDER, GENDER, GENERAL, GENERATE, GENERATION, GENERIC, GENEROUS, GENRE, GENUS, MISCEGENATION. G degenerieren, General, Generation, generell, Genus, regenerieren.

gerere (L) 'to carry, carry on, act, do': ARMIGER, BELLIGERENT, CONGERIES, CONGEST, DIGEST, EGEST, GERENT, GERUND, GEST, GESTATION, GESTICULATE, GESTURE, INGEST, JEST, REGISTER, SUGGEST. G Geste, gestikulieren, Register, suggerieren.

germânus (L) 'genuine, real,' rel. to gignere: GERMAN, GERMANE.

Germânus (L) 'German': GERMAN, GERMANIUM.

germen (L) 'shoot, bud, embryo, germ' (*genª-): GERM, GERMANINAL, GERMINATE.

gibber, gibbus (L) 'hump, hunch': GIBBERELLIC_ACID, GIBBERELLIN, GIBBOSE, GIBBOSITY, GIBBOUS.

gignere (L) 'to beget' (*genª-): CONGENITAL, GENITAL, GENITIVE, GENITOR, GENT, GINERLY, PRIMOGENITURE, PROGENITOR, PROGENY. G Genitiv.

gillô (LL) 'water pot': GILL.

gingîva (L) 'gum': GINGIVAL.

-ginta (L) 'ten times,' (*dekm): QUINQUAGENARIAN,. OCTOGENARIAN.

glaber (L) 'bald': GLABELLA, GLABRATE, GLABROUS.

glaciês (L) 'ice' (prob. *gel-3): GLACé, GLACIAL, GLACIATE, GLACIER, GLACIS, GLANCE, GLISSADE.

gladius (L) 'sword' (*kel-1): GLADIATE, GLADIATOR, GLAIVE.

glâns (L) 'acorn' (*gwelª-2): GLAND, GLANDERS, GLANDULAR, GLANS.

glêba (L) 'lump, clod of earth, soil, land' (*gel-1): GLEBE.

glennâre (LL) 'to glean': GLEAN.

glittus (L) 'sticky': GLEET.

globus (L) 'ball, globe': CONGLOBATE, GLOBE, GLOBULE. G global, Globus.

glomus (L) 'ball, mass' (*gel-1): AGGLOMERATE, COGLOMERATE, GLOMERATE, GLOMERULE.

glorîa (L) 'glory': GLORIA, GLORIA, GLORIFICATION, GLORIFY, FLORIOLE, GLORIOUS, GLORY. G Glorie.

glûma (L) 'husk of grain,' der. of glûbere 'to strip the bark from, peel' (*gleubh-): GLUME.

glûten (L) 'glue' (*gel-1): AGGLUTINATE, CONGLUTINATE, DEGLUTINATE, GLUE, GLUTEN, GLUTINOUS.

gluttîre, glûtîre (L) 'to swallow' (*gwel-3): DEGLUTITION, GLUT.

gluttô (L) 'glutton' (*gwel-3): GLUTTON.

gnârus (L) 'knowing, expert' (*gnô-): NARRATE.

gnâscî, nâscî (L) 'to be born' (*genª-): ADNATE, AGNATE, COGNATE, CONATE, ENATE, INNATE, NAIVE, NASCENT, NATAL, NATION, NATIVE, NATURE, NéE, NEONATE, NOEL, PUNY, PUISNE, RENAISSANCE. G Nation, Natur, naturell.

gnomus (ML) 'imaginary dwarflike creature': GNOME.

gnôscere, nôscere (L) 'to get to know, get acquainted with' (*gnô-): ACQUAINT, COGNITION, COGNIZANCE, CONNOISSEUR, INCOGNITO, NOTICE, NOTIFY, NOTION, NOTORIOUS, QUAINT, RECOGNIZE. G inkognito, Notiz, notorisch.

Gothî (LL), pl. 'Goths' (< Gothic): GOTHIC, OSTROGOTH.

gracilis (L) 'slim, slender': GRACILE.

grâculus (L) 'jackdaw' (*gerª-2): GRACKLE.

gradâlis (ML) 'dish': GRAIL.

gradî (L) 'to walk, go' (rel. to gradus): AGGRESS, AGGRESSION, CONGRESS, DEGRESSION, DIGRESS, EGRESS, -GRADE, GRESSORITAL, INGRESS, PROGRESS, REGRESS, RETROGRESS, SALTIGRADE, TRANSGRESS. G Aggression, Ingredienzen, Kongreß, progressiv.

gradus (L) 'step, stage, degree, rank' (rel. to gradî): DEGRADE, DEGREE, GRADE, RETROGRADE. G degradieren, Grad.

grâmen (L) 'fodder, grass' (*gras-): GRAMA, GRAMINEOUS.

grandis (L) 'grand, full-grown': AGGRANDIZE, GRAND.

grânum (L) 'grain' (*grª-no-): INGRAIN, FILIGREE, GARNER, GARNET, GRAIN, GRAM, GRANADILLA, GRANARY, GRANGE, GRANITE, GRANULE, GRAVY, GRENADE, POMEGRANATE. Cf. G Granat, Granatapfel, Granate, Granit, Grenadier, Filigran.

grâtus (L) 'pleasing, beloved, agreeable, favorable, thankful' (*gwerª-3): AGREE, CONGRATULATE, GRACE, GRATEFUL, GRATIFY, GRATIS, GRATITUDE, GRATUITY, GREE, INGRATE, INGRATIATE. G Gratifikation, gratis, Grazie, gratulieren, graziös.

gravis (L) 'heavy, weighty' (*gwerª-2): AGGRAVATE, AGGRIEVE, GRAVE, GRAVID, GRIEVE, GRIEF.

grex (L) 'herd, flock' (*ger-1): AGGREGATE, CONGREGATE, EGREGIOUS, GREGARIOUS, SEGREGATE. G Aggregat.

griseus (ML) 'gray, grayish' (< Gmc < *gher-3): GRISEOUS.

grossus (L) 'thick': ENGROSS, GROCER, GROSS, GROSCHEN, GROSZ. lG en gros, Gros, Groschen.

grundîre, grunnire (L) 'to grunt' (*gru-)gru-): GRUNION, GURNARD.

grûs (L) 'crane' (*gerª-2): GROMWELL, GRUS, PEDIGREE.

gubia, gulbia (LL) 'gouge': GOUGE.

gula (L) 'throat, gullet, palate' (*gwel-3): BEAGLE, GOLIARD, GULAR, GULES, GULLET, GULLY.

gunna (LL) 'robe, fur': GOWN.

gurdus (L) 'heavy, dull, stupid': GOURDE, GOURMANDISE.

gurges (L) 'throat, gulf, whirlpool' (*gwerª-4): GARGET, GORGE, GORGET, GURGITATION, INGURGITATE, REGURGITATE.

gurguliô (L) 'windpipe': GARGOYLE, GARGLE, GURGLE.

gustâre (L) 'to taste' (*geus-): DEGUST.

gustus (L) 'to taste' (*geus-): DISGUST, GUST, GUSTO, RAGOUT.

gutta (L) 'drop': GOUT.

gutter (L) 'throat': GOITER, GUTTURAL.

habêre (L) 'to hold, possess, have, handle' (*ghabh-): ABLE, ABILITY, AVOIRDUPOIS, BEHAVE, BINNACLE, COHABIT, EXHIBIT, HABEAS_CORPUS, HABILE, HABIT, HABITABLE, HABITANT, HABITAT, INHABIT, INHIBIT, MALADY, PREBEND, PROHIBIT, PROVENDER. G habilitieren, Habitus, Proviant. F habile, habileté.

haerêre (L) 'to stick, cling': ADHERE, COHERE, INHERE, HESITATE.

hâlâre (L) 'to emit (vapor), give off a scent': HALITOSIS.

hallux, allux, allus (L) 'big toe': HALLUX.

hâmus (L) 'hook': HAMULUS.

hapia (ML) 'ax' (< Gmc < *skep-): HASH, HATCHET, NUTHATCH, QUEBRACHO.

harêna, arêna (L) 'sand, arena covered with sand': ARENA. G Arena.

harenga (ML) 'harangue' (< Gmc < *koro- + *sker-3): HARANGUE.

harundô, arundô (L) 'reed': ARUNDINACEOUS.

haruspex (L) 'he who inspects entrails, diviner': HARUSPEX.

hasta (L) 'spear' (*ghasto-): HASLET, HASTATE.

haurîre (L) 'to draw, empty': EXHAUST, HAUSTELLUM, HAUSTORIUM.

hebêre (L) 'to be blunt, dull' and hebes 'blunt, dull': HEBETATE, HEBETUDE.

hêr, êr (L) 'hedgehog' (*ghers-): CAPRICE, URCHIN.

herba (L) 'grass, green crops, herb': HERB.

hêrês (L) 'heir' (*ghê-): HEIR, HEREDITAMENT, HEREDITY, HERES, HERITAGE, INHERIT.

hernia (L) 'protruded viscus, rupture, hernia' (*gherª-): HERNIA. G Hernie.

hiâre (L) 'to gape, be open' (*ghâi-): DEHISCE, HIATUS.

hibernus (L) 'pertaining to winter' (*ghei-2): HIBERNACULUM, HIBERNATE.

hic (L) 'this': ENCORE, LANGUE D'OIL, OUIJA.

hiems (L) 'winter' (*ghei-2): HIEMAL.

hinnîre (L) 'to neigh, whinny': HINNY.

hîrcus (L) 'he-goat': HIRCINE.

hirsûtus (L) 'bristly, shaggy, hairy' (*ghers-): HIRSUTE.

hirûdô (L) 'leech': HIRUDIN.

hispidus (L) 'bristly, shaggy, prickly' (*ghers-): HISPID.

histriô (L) 'actor': HISTRIONIC.

homô (L) 'human being, man' (*dhghem-): BONHOMIE, HOMAGE, HOMBRE, HOMINID, HOMO, HOMOCIDE, HOMUNCULUS, OMBRE. G Homunculus.

honôs, later honor (L) 'honor': HONOR, HONORA. G Honneurs, Honorar, Honoratioren, honorieren, honorig.

hordeum (L) 'barley' (*ghers-): ORGEAT.

horrêre (L) 'to bristle, shudder, be terrified, look frightful' (*ghers-): ABHOR, HORROR, ORDURE. It abborrire. F abhorrer. Sp aborrecer, aburrir. Pg aborreixer.

hortârî (L) 'to urge on, encourage' (*gher-5): EXHORT, HORTATIVE.

hortus (L) 'garden' (*gher-1): HORTICULTURE, ORCHARD, ORTOLAN. G Hortensie.

hospes (L) 'host, guest, stranger' (*ghos-ti- + *poti-): HOSPICE, HOSPITAL, HOSPITALITY, HOST, HOSTEL, HOSTLER. G Hospital, hospitieren, Hospiz, Hotel.

hostia (L) 'sacrifice, victim': HOST. G Hostie.

hostis (L) 'stranger, enemy' (*ghos-ti-): HOST, HOSTILE.

hultia (ML) 'protective covering' (*kel-2): HOUSING.

hûmânus (L) 'human, kind, humane' (*dhghem-): HUMAN, HUMANE. G human.

hûmêre (L) 'to be wet' (*wegw-): HUMECTANT, HUMID.

humerus (L) 'shoulder' (*omeso-): HUMERUS.

hûmor (L) 'fluid' (*wegw-): HUMOR. G Humor.

humus (L) 'earth' (*dhghem-): EXHUME, INHUME, HUMBLE, HUMILIATE, HUMILITY, HUMUS, INHUME, TRANSHUMANCE. G Humus.

hûtica (ML) 'grain box': HUTCH.

ibex (L) 'chamois': IBEX.

îcere (L) 'to strike': ICTUS.

îdem (L) 'same' (*i-): IDEM, IDENTITY. G identisch.

îdûs (L), pl. 'Ides,' the fifteenth of March, May, July and October, and the thirteenth of the other months: IDES.

ignis (L) 'fire' (*egni-): IGNEOUS, IGNITE, IGNITRON.

ignorâre (L) 'not to know, disregard' (in- + *gnô-): IGNORANT, IGNORE. G ignorieren.

îlex (L) 'holm oak': ENCINA, ILEX.

îlia (L), pl. 'flanks': ILEUM, ILIAC, ILIUM.

ille (L) 'that,' fem. illa, neuter illud (*al-1): ALARM, ALERT, ALLIGATOR, EL_DORADO, LANGUE_D'OIL, OUIJA. G Alarm, alert, alarmieren. It egli, ella, lei, loro, quello. F alarme, alerte, alligator, elle, ès, eux, il, le, leur, oui. Sp aquel, el, ella, ello, ellos. Pg aquelle, elle, ella.

imâgô (L) 'image, copy, likeness' (see aemulus): IMAGE, IMAGINE, IMAGO. G imaginär.

imber (L) 'rain': IMBRICATE.

imblâdâre (ML) 'to sow with wheat': EMBLEMENTS.

imbuere (L) 'to moisten, stain': IMBUE.

imitârî (L) 'to copy, imitate' (see aemulus): IMITATE. G imitieren.

immûnis (L) 'exempt from duty,' (in- + *mei-1): IMMUNE, IMMUNITY. G immun.

impedîre (L) 'to put in fetters, hobble, shackle, entangle, hinder' (in + *ped-1): IMPEDE.

in (L) 'in' (*en): EN-, IN-, MOUNTEBANK. G in-.

in- (L) 'not' (*ne): IN-. G in-.

inânis (L) 'empty, vain': INANE, INANITY.

incandere (L) 'to set fire to, kindle' (in + candêre): INCENDIARY, INCENSE. It accendere. Sp acender. Pg accendalha, accender.

incohâre (L) 'to begin': INCHOATE, INCHOATIVE.

index (L) 'indicator, forefinger' (in + *deik-): INDEX, INDICATE. G Indiz.

indigena (L) 'born in a place, indigenous' (in + genª-): INDIGEN, INDIGENOUS.

induere (L) 'to don' (in + *eu-1): ENDUE.

indulgêre (L) 'to be forbearing, grant as a favor': INDULGE, INDULGENCE, INDULT.

industria (L) 'diligence, activity' (en + *ster-2): INDUSTRY. G Industrie.

înferus (L) 'lower' (*ndher-): INFERIOR.

înfestus (L) 'hostile' (in + second element rel. to manifestus): INFEST.

înfrâ (L) 'below' (*ndher-): INFRA-. G infra-.

ingenium (L) 'inborn character' (in + *genª-): ENGINE, INGENIOUS. G Ingenieur.

ingenuus (L) 'born in a place, native, natural, freeborn' (in + *genª-): INGENUOUS.

inguen (L) 'swelling, tumor, groin' (*engw-): INGUINAL.

initium (L) 'beginning, origin' (in + *ei-1): INITIAL, INITIATE.

inquilînus (L) 'tenant, dweller' (*kwel-1): INQUILINE.

înstar (L) 'image, form': INSTAR.

înstaurâre (L) 'to restore, set upright again' (in + *stâ-): INSTAURATE, STORE.

însula (L) 'island': INSULATE, INSULATION, INSULIN, ISLAND, ISLE, ISOLATE. G Insel, isolieren.

integer (L) 'intact, whole, complete, perfect, honest' (in- + *tag-): ENTIRE, INTEGER, INTEGRAL, INTEGRATE, INTEGRITY. G integer.

inter (L) 'between, among,' der. of in (*en): ENTRAILS, INTER-, INTERIM, INTERIOR, INTERNAL. G entern, Enterhaken, entre-, inter-, Interim, intern, internieren, Internist.

interpres (L) 'go-between, negotiator' (inter + *per-6): INTERPRET. G Interpret.

intimus (L) 'innermost' (*en): INTIMATE. G intim.

intrâ (L) 'inside, within' (*en): ENTER, INTRA-. G intra-.

intrô (L) 'within, inward' (*en): INTRO-. G intro-.

intus (L) 'within, inside' (*en): DEDANS, INTESTINE, INTUSSUSCEPTION.

invîtâre (L) 'to invite': INVITE.

îra (L) 'anger' (*eis-1): IRASCIBLE, IRATE, IRE.

îre (L) 'to go' (*ei-1): ADIT, AMBIENT, AMBITION, CIRCUIT, COITUS, COMITIA, COMMENCE, EXIT, INTROIT, ISSUE, OBITUARY, PERISH, PRAEDTOR, PRETERIT, SEDITION, SUBITO, SUDDEN, TRANCE, TRANSIENT, TRANSIT, TRANSITIVE. G Abitur, Ambition, Transit. It gire, ire. F irai. Sp ir. Pg ir.

irrîtâre (L) 'to provoke, excite, irritate': IRRITATE. G irritieren.

is (L) 'he,' fem. ea (L) 'she,' neuter id (L) 'it' (*i-): ID. Cf. G er, es, ihm, ihr, ihn.

item (L) 'thus,' der. of ita 'thus' (*i-): ITEM.

iter (L) 'journey' (*ei-1): ERRANT, EYRE, ITINERANT, ITINERARY.

iterum (L) 'again' (*i-): ITERATE, REITERATE.

jacere (L) 'to throw' (*yê-): ABJECT, ADJACENT, ADJECTIVE, AMICE, CONJECTURE, DEJECT, DISJECT, EASE, EJACULATE, EJECT, GIST, INJECT, INTERJECT, JACTATION, JESS, JET, JOIST, OBJECT, PARGET, PROJECT, REJECT, SUBJACENT, SUBJECT, SUPERJACENT, TRAJECT. G Adjektiv, Injektion, injizieren, Interjektion, Jeton, Objekt, objektiv, Objektiv, Projektion, Projekt, Projektor, projizieren, Subjekt, subjektiv, Sujet, Trichter.

jânus (L) 'archway, gateway, covered passageway' (*ei-1): JANITOR, JANUARY, JANUS.

jêjûnus (L) 'fasting, hungry, poor, meager': DéJEUNER, DINE, DINNER, JEJUNE, JEJUNUM. G Diner.

jocus (L) '(verbal) joke': JEWEL, JEOPARDY, JOCOSE, JOCULAR, JOKE, JUGGLER. G Beichte, genieren, Gicht, Jongleur, Juwel, Jux.

Jovis (L) 'Jupiter' (*deiw-): JOVE, JOVIAL. G jovial.

jubêre (L) 'to command, decide': JUSSIVE.

jûbilâre (L) 'to shout, shout after,' in EcclL 'shout with joy' (*yu-2): JUBILATION. G Jubiläum, jubiliern.

jûdex (L) 'judge,' rel. to jûs 'law' (< *yewes-) + *deik-): ADJUDICATE, JUDGE, JUDICIAL, PREJUDICE.

jugum (L) 'yoke' (*yeug-): CONJUGATE, JUGATE, JUGULAR, JUGUM, SUBJUGATE.

Jûlius (L), name of a Roman gens (*deiw-): JULIAN, JULIENNE, JULIUS, JULY. G Juli.

juncus (L) 'rush': JONQUIL, JUNKET.

jungere (L) 'to join' (*yeug-): ADJOIN, CONJOIN, CONJUGAL, CONJUNCT, ENJOIN, INJUNCTION, JOIN, JUNCTION, JUNCTURE, JUNTA, SUBJOIN. G Junktim, Junta, Konjunktion, Konjunktiv, Konjunktur, konjugieren.

jûniperus (L) 'the juniper tree': GENEVA, GIN, JUNIPER.

Juppiter (L), supreme deity of the ancient Romans (*deiw- + *pªter-): JUPITER.

Juppiter (L), supreme deity of the ancient Romans (*deiw- + *pªter-): JUPITER.

jûs (L) 'juice, sauce, broth' (*yeuª-): JUICE.

jûs (L) 'law, oath' (*yewes-): ABJURE, ADJURE, CONJURE, INJURE, JURAL, JURIDICAL, JURISCONSULT, JURISDICTION, JURISPRUDENCE, JURIST, JURY, OBJURGATE, PERJURE. G Jura, Jurist. F abjurer.

jûstus (L) 'just' (*yewes-): JUST, JUSTICE. G just, justieren, Justiz.

juvâre (L) 'to help': ADJUTANT, AID. G Adjutant. It aiutare, giovare. F aider. Sp ayuda, ayudar. Pg ajuda, ajudar.

juvenis (L) 'young' (*yeu-): JUNIOR, JUVENAL, JUVENILE, REJUVENATE. G Junior.

juxtâ (L) 'close by, close to' (*yeug-): ADJUST, JOUST, JUXTAPOSITION.

kalendae (L) 'the calends' (*kelª-2): CALENDAR, CALENDS. G Kalender. The calends was the first day of the month, when it was announced when the nones and ides of that month would fall.

labarum (LL) 'standard, banner of the late Roman Empire': LABARUM.

lâbî (L) 'to fall, slip' (*leb-1): COLLAPSE, ELAPSE, LAPSE, PROLAPSE, RELAPSE, SUPRALAPSARIAN.

labia (pl.) (L) 'lips' (*leb-2): LABIAL, LABIUM.

labor (L) 'labor, toil, exertion': COLLABORATE, ELABORATE, LABOR.

labra (pl.) (L) 'lips' (*leb-2): LABELLUM, LABRET, LABRUM.

laburnum (L) 'tree, laburnum': LABURNUM. G Kollaborateur, Laboratorium, laborieren.

lac (L) 'milk' (rel. to Greek gála): LACTARY, LACTATE, LACTEAL, LACTESCENT, LACTO-, LETTUCE.

lacer (L) 'torn' (rel. to lacinia): LACERATE.

lacere (L) 'to allure': DELICIOUS, DELIGHT, DILETTANTE, LACE. G Dilettant.

lacerta, lacertus (L) 'lizard': ALLIGATOR, LIZARD.

lacinia (L) 'flap of a garment' (rel. to lacer): LACINIATE.

lacruma, lacrima (L) 'tear' (*dakru-): LACHRYMAL.

lacus (L) 'water reservoir, lake' (*laku-): LAKE.

laedere (L) 'to strike, knock,' hence 'to injure, damage': COLLIDE, COLLISION, LESION. G kollidieren, Kollision, lädieren, Läsion.

laevus (L) 'left': LEVOROTATION, LEVOROTATORY.

lallâre (L) 'to sing a lullaby': LALLATION.

lambere (L) 'to lick' (*lab-): LAMBENT.

lâmentum (L) 'expression of sorrow' (*lâ-): LAMENT. G Lamento.

lammina, lâmina (L) 'thin sheet, layer': LAMELLA, OMELET. G Omelett.

lamprêda (ML) 'limpet': LAMPREY, LIMPET.

lancea (L) 'light spear, lance': éLAN, LANCE, LANCEOLATE, LANCER, LANCERS, LANCET, LAUNCH, LAUNCHER. G Elan, lancieren, Lanze, Lanzette.

languêre (L) 'to be languid' (*slêg-): LANGUISH.

lanx (L) 'scale, plate, pan': BALANCE. G Balance, Bilanz.

lapis (L) 'stone': LAPIDARIAN, LAPIDARY, LAPILLUS.

laqueus (L) 'noose, trap': LACE, LATCH.

Lâr (L), household deity: LAR.

lârdum, lâridum (L) 'bacon fat, lard': LARD, LARDER, LARDON.

largus (L) 'generous, bountiful': LARGE, LARGESSE, LARGO.

larix (L) 'larch': LARCH.

lârva (L) 'disembodied spirit, mask': LARVA, LARVICIDE.

lascîvus (L) 'wanton, lustful' (*las-): LASCIVIOUS.

lassus (L) 'tired, weary' (*lê-2): ALAS, LASSITUDE.

later (L) 'brick, tile': LATERITE.

latêre (L) 'to be hidden' (*lâdh-): DELITESCENCE, LATENT. G latent.

latex (L) 'liquid, water' (< Gr látax 'liquid'?): LATEX. Cf. G Letten.

lâtus (L) 'broad, wide': DILATE, LATITUDE.

lâtus (L) 'carried, borne' (*telª-), suppletive pp. of ferre (*bher-1): ABLATION, ABLATIVE, COLLATE, DILATORY, ELATE, ILLATION, LEGISLATOR, OBLATE, PRELATE, PROLATE, RELATE, SUPERLATIVE, TRANSLATE. G Ablativ, legislativ, Relation, relativ, superlativ.

latus (L) 'side, flanc': COLLATERAL, LATERAL, LATERI-, LATERO-.

laurus (L) 'the laurel or bay tree': LAUREATE, LAUREL, LAURENCE, LAURIC ACID, LAURUSTINUS.

laus (L) 'praise, glory, fame' (*lêu-2): LAUD.

lavâre (L) 'to wash' (*leuª-): LAVE, LAVISH, LOMENT.

lavâtrîna, lâtrîna (L) 'bath, privy (*leuª-): LATRINE.

lavendula, lavindula, livendula (ML), kind of plant, 'lavender': LAVENDER.

lavere (L) 'to wash' (*leuª-): ABLUTION, ALLUVION, COLLUVIUM, DELUGE, DILUTE, ELUVIUM, LOTION. It biuta. F ablution.

laxus (L) 'loose, slack' (*slêg-): DELAY, LAX, LUSH, RELAX, RELAY.

lectus (L) 'bed' (*legh-): LITTER, WAGON-LIT.

lêgâre (L) 'to depute, commission, charge, dispatch' (rel. to lex): ALLEGATION, ALLEGE, COLLEAGUE, DELEGATE, LEGACY, LEGATE, LEGATE, RELEGATE. G delegieren, Kollege.

legere (L) 'to gather, pluck, choose, read' (*leg-1): COIL, COLLECT, DILIGENT, ELECT, ELEGANT, ELITE, INTELLECT, INTELLIGENT, LECTERN, LECTURE, LEGEND, LEGIBLE, LEGION, LESSON, NEGLECT, PRELECT, SACRILEGE, SELECT, SORTILEGE. G elegant, Elite, Intellekt, intellektuell, intelligent, Intelligenz, Kollekte, Kollektion, kollektiv, Legende, Legion, Lektion, Lektor, Lektüre, Negligé. It accogliere. F accueillir. Sp acoger. Pg acolheita, acolher.

legûmen (L) 'pulse, bean': LEGUME, LEGUMINOUS.

lemurês (pl.) (L) 'ghosts' (*lem-2): LEMURES.

lênis (L) 'soft, gentle' (*lê-2): LENIENT, LENIS, LENITIVE, LENITY.

lêns (L) 'lentil': LENTICEL, LENTICULAR, LENTIGO, LENTIL.

lentîscus (L) 'the mastic tree': LENTISK.

lentus (L) 'flexible, tenacious, sluggish, slow' (*lento-): LENTO, RALLENTANDO, RELENT.

lepus (L) 'hare': LEPORINE, LEPUS, LEVERET.

leta (ML) 'English manorial court': LEET.

lêtum (L) 'death': LETHAL.

lêtus, lîtus (ML) 'barbarian allowed to settle on Roman land' (< Gmc < *lê-2): LIEGE.

leuca, leuga (LL), unit of distance: LEAGUE.

lêvir (L) 'husband's brother': LEVIRATE.

levis (L) 'light' (*legwh-): ALLEVIATE, CARNIVAL, ELEVATE, LEAVEN, LEGERDEMAIN, LEVER, LEVIGATE, LEVITY, MEZZO-RELIEVO, RELIEVE. G Eleve, leger, Levante, Relief.

lêx (L) 'lax' (rel. to lêgâre): LEGAL, LEGISLATOR, LEGIST, LEGITIMATE, LEX, LOYAL, PRIVILEGE. G legal, legitim, Privileg.

lia (ML) 'sediment' (< Celtic < *legh-): LEES.

lîbâre (L) 'to pour out, taste': LIBATION, PRELIBATION.

liber (L) 'book': LIBRARY, LIBRETTO. G Libretto.

lîber (L) 'free': DELIVER, LIBERAL, LIBERATE, LIBERTINE, LIBERTY, LIVERY. G liberal, liefern, Livree.

lîbra (L) 'object used for weighing, measure of weight, pound, balance scale' (prob. rel. to Gr lítra): DELIBERATE, EQUILIBRIUM, LEVEL, LIBRA, LIRA, LIVRE.

licêre (L) 'to be lawful, be permitted': ILLICIT, LEISURE, LICENSE, LICENTIATE, LICENTIOUS. G Lizenz.

lîcium (L) 'thread': DRILL, TRELLIS.

liên (L) 'spleen' (*spelgh-): LIENAL.

ligâre (L) 'to bind' (*leig-1): ALLY, COLLIGATE, FURL, LEAGUE, LEGATO, LIABLE, LIEN, LIGATE, OBLIGE, RALLY, RELIGION, RELY. Cf. G Allianz, legieren, Alliierte, Liaison, liieren, obligat, Religion.

lignum (L) 'wood, firewood' (*leg-1): LIGNEOUS, LIGNI-, LIGNALOES.

lîlium (L) 'lily': FLEUR-DE-LIS, LILY.

limbus (L) 'border, hem, seam': LIMBO, LIMBUS.

lîmen (L) 'threshold, lentel': LIMEN, LIMINAL, LINTEL, PRELIMINARY, SUBLIMINAL.

lîmes (L) 'borderline between fields, boundary': LIMIT, LIMITROPHE. G Limes, Limit.

limô (ML) 'shaft': LIMBER.

limpidus (L) 'clear, limpid': LIMPID.

lîmus (L) 'slime' (*lei-): LIMACINE, LIMICOLINE.

linere (L) 'to anoint' (*lei-): LINIMENT.

lingere (L) 'to lick' (*leigh-): CUNNILINGUS.

lingua (L) 'tongue, language' (*dnghû-): BILINGUAL, LANGUAGE, LANGUET, LIGULA, LIGULE, LINGUA, LINGO, LINGUIST. G Linguistik.

linquere (L) 'to leave' (*leikw-): DELINQUENT, DERELICT, RELINQUISH. G Delikt, Delinquent, Reliquie.

lînum (L) 'flax, anything made of flax' (*lino-): CRINOLINE, LENO, LINE, LINEN, LININ, LINGERIE, LINNET, LINOLEUM, LINSEED, LINT. G Lineal, linear, Linie.

liquâre (L) 'to dissolve' (*wleik-): LIQUATE.

liquêre (L) 'to be liquid' (*wleik-): DELIQUESCE, LIQUEFY, LIQUESCENT, LIQUID, LIQUIDATE, LIQUOR. G liquidieren.

lîrâ (L) 'furrow' (*leis-1): DELIRIUM. G Delirium.

liripipium (ML) 'cord or scarf attached to a hood': LIRIPIPE.

littera (L) 'letter' (*deph-): ALLITERATION, ILLITERATE, LETTER, LITERAL, LITERARY, LITERATE, LITERATIM, OBLITERATE, TRANSLITERATE. G Belletrist, Letter, Literatur.

lîtus (L) 'shore': LITTORAL.

lîvêre (L) 'to be bluish' (*slî-): LIVID.

lixa (L) 'water for rinsing linen, warm water for washing' (*wleik-): LIXIVIATE.

lobium, lobia, laubia (ML) 'monastic cloister' (< Gmc < *leup-): LOBBY.

locus (L) 'place': ACCOUCHEMENT, COUCH, LIEU, LIEUTENANT, LOCAL, LOCATION, LOCOMOTION, LOCOMOTIVE, LOCUM_TENENS, LOCULOE, LOCUS. G gautschen, lokal, Lokomotive, Lokus. F accouchement, couche, coucher.

locusta (L) 'spiny lobster, locust': LOBSTER, LOCUST.

lôdîx (LL) 'covering': LODICULE.

Longobardus, Langobardus (LL), name of a Germanic people, 'Lombard, Langobard' (*del-1): LOMBARD, LUMBER.

longus (L) 'long' (*del-1): ELONGATE, ELOIGN, LONGI-, LONGITUDE, LONGEVITY, LONGERON, LUNGE, OBLONG, PROLONG, PURLOIN.

loquî (L) 'to speak, express oneself': ALLOCUTION, CIRCUMLOCUTION, COLLOQUY, ELOCUTION, GRANDILOQUENCE, INTERLOCUTION, LOCUTION, LOQUACIOUS, MAGNILOQUENT, OBLOQUY, PROLOCUTOR, SOLILOQUY, VENTRILOQUISM.

lôrum (L) 'thong, strag': LORE, LORICA, LORIMER.

lubêre, later libêre (L) 'to be dear, pleasing' in libîdo 'pleasure, desire' (*leubh-): LIBIDO, QUODLIBET. G Libido.

lûbricus (L) 'slippery' (*sleubh-): LUBRICATE, LUBRICITY, LUBRICOUS.

lûcêre (L) 'to shine' (*leuk-): ELUCIDATE, LUCENT, LUCID, NOCTILUCA, PELLUCID, RELUCENT, TRANSLUCENT. G Luzerne.

lucerna (L) 'oil lamp, luminous fish': LUCERNE.

lucrum (L) 'gain, profit' (*lau-): LUCRATIVE, LUCRE.

luctârî (L) 'to wring, wrestle, struggle' (*leug-1): INELUCTABLE, RELUCTANT.

lûcubrâre (L) 'to work by lamplight' (*leuk-): LUCUBRATE.

lûculentus (L) 'luminous, brilliant, magnificent' (*leuk-): LUCULENT.

lûdus (L) 'game, play': ALLUDE, COLLUDE, DELUDE, ELUDE, ILLUDE, ILLUSION, INTERLUDE, LUDICROUS, PRELUDE, PROLUSION. G Illusion, Präludium.

luês (L) 'rottenness, plague, pestilence' (*leu-1): LUES.

lûgêre (L) 'to mourn': LUGUBRIOUS.

lumbrîcus (L) 'intenstinal worm, earthworm' (*slengwh-): LUMBRICOID.

lumbus (L) 'loin': LOIN, LUMBAGO, SIRLOIN.

lûmen (L) 'light, opening' (*leuk-): ILLUMINATE, ILLUMINATE, LIMN, LUMEN, LUMINARY, LUMINOUS. G illuminieren.

lûna (L) 'moon' (*leuk-): DEMILUNE, LUNA, LUNA, LUNAR, LUNATION, LUNATE, LUNATIC, LUNE, LUNETTE, LUNULA, SUBLUNARY. G Laune.

lupus (L) 'wolf' (*wlkwo-): LOBO, LOUP, LOUP-GAROU, LUPINE.

lûror (L) 'pale yellow, ghastliness': LURID.

lustrâre (L) 'to make bright, illuminate' (*leuk-): ILLUSTRATE, LUSTER. G illuster, illustrieren, Lüster.

lûstrum (L) 'purification' (*leuk-): LUSTRUM.

lutra (L) 'otter' (*wed-1): NUTRIA.

lutum (L) 'mud, mire, clay' (*leu-2): LUTE. Sp lodo 'mud.' It loto 'clay.'

lûx (L) 'light' (*leuk-): LUCIFER, LUCINA, LUCY, LUX. G Luzifer.

luxus (L) 'dislocated' (*leug-1): LUXATE, LUXATION.

luxus (L) 'excess, extravagance' (*leug-1): LUXURY. G Luxus. It lusso, lussuria. F luxe. Sp lujo, lujúria.

lympha (L) 'water': LYMPH, LYMPHO-.

macer (L) 'thin' (*mâk-): EMACIATE, MAIGRE, MEAGER.

mâcerâre (L) 'to tenderize, soften (food) by steeping' (*mag-): MACERATE.

macis (LL), probably a scribal error for macir 'aromatic bark of an exotic tree': MACE.

mactus (L) 'worshipped, blessed, sacred' (*meg-): MATADOR.

macula (L) 'spot on the skin, spot, knot in a net, mesh': IMMACULATE, MACKLE, MACLE, MACULA, MACULATE, MACULE, MAIL, MAILLOT, MAQUIS, TRAMMEL. G Makel, Makulatur.

madêre (L) 'to be wet': MAT.

magister (L) 'master, high official' (*meg-): MAESTRO, MAGISTERIAL, MAGISTERY, MAGISTRAL, MAGISTRATE, MASTER, MISTRAL, MISTER, MISTRESS. G Magistrat, Mätresse, Meister.

magnus (L) 'great' (*meg-): MAGNANIMOUS, MAGNATE, MAGNIFIC, MAGNIFICENT, MAGNIFICO, MAGNIFY, MAGNILOQUENT, MAGNITUDE, MAGNUM. G Magnat, Magnifizenz.

Mâia (L), name of a goddess (*meg-): MAIA, MAY. G Mai.

mâjestâs (L) 'greatness, authority,' der. of mâjor (*meg-): MAESTOSO, MAJESTY. G Majestät.

mâjor (L) 'greater,' comparative of magnus (*meg-): MAJOR, MAJOR-DOMO, MAJORITY, MAJUSCULE, MAYOR. G Major, Majorität.

majorana (ML) 'marjoram': MARJORAM. G Majoran.

mâla (L) 'cheekbone, upper jaw': MALAR.

mâla (L) 'cheekbone, upper jaw': MALAR.

malignus (L) 'evil-natured, malevolent' (malus + *genª-): MALIGN.

malleus (L) 'hammer, mallet' (*melª-): MALLEABLE, MALLET, MALLEUS, MAUL, PALL-MALL.

malus (L) 'bad,' adverb male: DISMAL, GRANDMAL, MAL-, MALADY, MALARIA, MALEDICT, MALEFACTOR, MALEVOLENT, MALICE, MALIGN, MALVERSATION.

malva (L) 'mallow' (rel. to Gr malákhê): MALLOW, MAUVE.

mamma (L) 'wet nurse, mommy, breast' (*mâ-2): MAMMA, MAMMALIA, MAMMILLA.

mamphur (L) 'bow-drill': MANDREL.

mânâre (L) 'to blow, trickle' (*mâ-3): EMANATE.

manceps (L) 'he who takes by the hand, purchaser' (*man-2 + *kap-): EMANCIPATE. G emanzipieren.

mancus (L) 'maimed, defective' (*man-2): MANQUE.

mandâre (L) 'to give into someone's hand, entrust, order' (*man-2 + dâre): COMMAND, COMMANDO, COMMEND, COUNTERMAND, DEMAND, MANDAMUS, MANDATE, RECOMMEND, REMAND. G kommandieren, Kommando, Kommodore, Mandant, Mandat.

mandere (L) 'to chew' (*mendh-2): BLANCMANGE, MANDIBLE, MANGE, MANGER.

mâne (L) 'in the morning' (*mâ-1): MAÑANA.

manêre (L) 'to remain, wait': IMMANENT, MANOR, MANSE, MANSION, MéNAGE, PERMANENT, REMAIN. G permanent.

mangô (L) 'furbisher, gem polisher, dishonest merchant' (*meng-): MONGER.

mânis (L) 'good' (*mâ-1) MANES.

mantellum (L) 'cloak': MANTEAU, MANTEL, MANTELET, MANTILLA, MANTLE, MANTUA. G bemänteln, Mantel.

mantissa (L), perhaps 'sauce' or 'makeweight, fuss, trouble': MANTISSA.

manufestus, manifestus (L) 'palpable, evident' (manus + second element rel. to înfestus): MANIFEST. G Manifest.

manus (L) 'hand' (*man-2): AMANUENSIS, LEGERDEMAIN, MAINTAIN, MANACLE, MANAGE, MANèGE, MANEUVER, MANICOTTI, MANICURE, MANIFEST, MANIPLE, MANIPULATION, MANNER, MANSUETUDE, MANUAL, MANUBRIUM, MANUFACTURE, MANUMIT, MANURE, MANUS, MANUSCRIPT, MASTIFF, MORTMAIN, QUADRUMANOUS. G Manege, Manier, Manifest, Maniküre, Manipulation, Manöver, Manschette, manuell, Manufaktur, Manuskript.

mappa (L) 'napkin, towel, cloth': APRON, MAP, MOP, NAPERY, NAPKIN, NAPPE.

marcêre (L) 'to be faded, withered, languish': MARCESCENT.

Mârcus (L), masc. given name (rel. to Mârs): MARCIA, MARCUS, MARK.

mare (L) 'sea' (*mori-): BêCHE-DE-MER, CORMORANT, MARE, MARINADE, MARINE, MARITIME, ORMER, ULTRAMARINE. G Marinade, marinieren, Marine.

marga (L) 'marl': MARL.

margô (L) 'border, edge' (*merg-): MARGIN.

marîtus (L) 'married,' as a noun (L) 'husband': MARITAL, MARRY.

Mârs (L) 'Mars' (rel. to Mârcus): MARCH, MARS, MARTIAL, MARTIAL, MARTIN, MARTLET. G März.

mâs (L) 'male': EMASCULATE, MALE, MALLARD, MASCULINE. G maskulin.

masturbârî (L) 'to masturbate': MASTURBATE. G masturbieren.

mateola (L) 'rod, club, mallet': MACE, MACHETE, MASSACRE. G Massaker.

mâter (L) 'mother' (*mâter-): ALMA_MATER, MATER, MATERNAL, MATERNITY, MATRICULATE, MATRIX, MATRON, MADREPORE, MATRIMONY. G Matrikel, Matrize, Matrone.

mâteriês, mâteria (L) 'tree trunk, hard timber used in carpentry, substance, stuff, matter' (*mâter-): MATERIAL, MATTER. G Materie.

Matilda (ML) 'mighty in battle': MATILDA.

mâtûrus (L) 'seasonable, ripe, mature' (*mâ-1): IMMATURE, MADURO, MATURE, PREMATURE. G Matur.

Mâtûta (L), name of the goddess of dawn (*mâ-1): MATINEE, MATINS, MATUTINAL. G Matinee, Mette.

maxilla (L) 'lower jaw': MAXILLA.

maximus (L) 'greatest,' superlative of magnus (*meg-): MAXIM, MAXIMUS. G Maxime, Maximum.

meâre (L) 'to go, pass' (*mei-1): CONGE, IRREMEABLE, MEATUS, PERMEATE.

medêrî (L) 'to look after, heal, cure' (*med-): MEDICAL, MEDICATE, MEDICINE, MEDICO, METHEGLIN, REMEDY. G Medezin.

meditârî (L) 'to think about, consider, reflect' (*med-): MEDITATE. G meditieren.

medius (L) 'middle, half' (*medhyo-): INTERMEDIATE, MEAN, MEDIAL, MEDIAN, MEDIASTINUM, MEDIATE, MEDIEVAL, MEDIOCRE, MEDITERRANEAN, MEDIUM, MERIDIAN, MILIEU, MITTEN, MIZZEN, MOIETY, MULLION. G Intermezzo, Medium, Meridian, Milieu.

medulla (L) 'marrow' (*smer-3): MEDULLA.

mefîtis (L) 'stench, noxious vapor': MEPHITIC, MEPHITIS.

meiere (L) 'to urinate' (*meigh-): MICTURATE.

mel (L) 'honey' (*melit-): MELLIFEROUS, MELLIFLUOUS, MOLASSES. G Melasse.

melior (L) 'better' (*mel-4): AMELIORATE, MELIORATE, MELIORISM.

membrum (L) 'any part of the body' (*mêms-): MEMBER, MEMBRANE. G Membrane.

meminisse (L) 'to remember' (*men-1): MOMENTO.

memor (L) 'mindful' (*smer-1): COMMEMORATE, MEMOIR, MEMORABLE, MEMORANDUM, MEMORY, REMEMBER. G Memoiren, Memorandum, memorieren.

mendâx (L) 'lying, liar' (rel. to mendum): MENDACIOUS.

mendum (L) 'defect, fault' (rel. to medâx): AMEND, EMEND, MEND, MENDICANT.

mêns (L) 'mind' (*men-1): AMENT, DEMENT, MENTAL. G Dementi, Mentalität.

mênsa (L) 'table': MENSA, MESA. G Mensa.

mênsis (L) 'month' (*mê-2): BIMESTRIAL, MENSAL, MENSES, MENSTRUAL, MENSTRUATE, SEMESTER, TRIMESTER. G menstruieren, Semester.

mentiô (L) 'rembrance, mention' (*men-1): MENTION.

mercês (L) 'pay, reward, price' (*merk-2): MERCEDES, MERCENARY, MERCY.

Mercurius (L), the god of commerce (prob. *merk-2): MERCURY.

merêre, merêrî (L) 'to receive as a share or reward, deserve, earn, serve' (*smer-2): EMERITUS, MERETRICIOUS, MERIT.

mergere (L) 'to dip, dive' (rel. to mergus): EMERGE, IMMERSE, MERGE, SUBMERGE.

mergus (L) 'diver (water bird)' (rel. to mergere): MERGANSER.

merula, merulus (L) 'blackbird' (*ames-): MERLE, MERLON. It merla, merlango, merlano, merlo, merluccio, merluzzo. F merlan, merle, merlon. Sp merlan, merluza, mierla. Pg melro.

merus (L) 'pure, unadulterated' (*mer-1): MERE.

merx (L) 'merchandise' (*merk-2): COMMERCE, MARKET, MART, MERCER, MERCHANT. G Kommers, kommerziell, Marketender, Markt.

mêta (L) 'cone, cone-shaped boundary marker, boundary, limit': METE.

mêtîrî (L) 'to measure' (*mê-2): COMMENSURATE, DIMENSION, IMMENSE, MEASURE, MENSURAL. G Dimension, immens, Mensur.

metus (L) 'fear': METICULOUS.

meus (L) 'my,' fem. mea, neuter meum: MADAME, MADEMOISELLE, MADONNA. G Madonna.

mîca (L) 'crumb, small piece, grain' (*smîk-): MICA.

migrâre (L) 'to change one's place of living' (*mei-1): EMIGRATE, IMMIGRATE, MIGRATE. G emigrieren.

mîles (L) 'soldier': MILITANT, MILITARY, MILITATE, MILITIA. G Kommilitone, Militär, Miliz.

milium (L) 'millet' (*melª-): MEALIE, MILIUM, MILLET.

mîlle (L) 'thousand' (*gheslo-): MIL, MILE, MILFOIL, MILLENARY, MILLENIUM, MILLEPORE, MILLESIMAL, MILLI-, MILLIARY, MILLIEME, MILLION, MILLIPEDE, MILREIS. G Mille, Million.

minae (pl.) (L) 'projecting points, threats' (*men-2): AMENABLE, DEMEAN, MENACE, MINACIOUS, PROMENADE. G Promenade.

-minêre (L) 'to project, jut, threaten' (*men-2): EMINENT, IMMINENT, PROMINENT. G eminent, prominent.

Minerva (L), name of the goddess of wisdom: MINERVA.

minimus (L) 'least' (*mei-2): MINIMUM. G Minimum.

minister (L) 'an inferior, servant' (*mei-2): ADMINISTER, MINESTRONE, MINISTER, MINISTRY, MYSTERY. G Metier, Minister.

minor (L) 'less, lesser, smaller' (*mei-2): MINOR, MINUS, MIS-, MINUSCULE, MUSCOVADO. G Minorität, minus.

minuere (L) 'to reduce, diminish' (*mei-2): COMMINUTE, DIMINISH, MENU, MINCE, MINUEND, MINUTE. G Menu, Menuett, Minute, minuziös..

mîrus (L) 'wonderful' (*smei-): ADMIRE, MARVEL, MI, MIRACLE, MIRAGE, MIRROR. F admirer.

miscêre (L) 'to mix' (*meik-): ADMIXTURE, COMMIX, IMMIX, MEDDLE, MEDLEY, MELANGE, MESTIZO, MISCEGENATION, MISCELLANEOUS, MISCIBLE, MIX, MIXTGURE, PELL-MELL, PROMISCUOUS. G Mestize, meliert, Melange, mischen, Mixtur.

miser (L) 'wretched, unfortunate': COMMISERATE, MISER, MISERABLE, MISERY. G Misere.

mîtis (L) 'soft': MITIGATE. Cf. Russ mir, mil.

mittere (L) 'to let go, send off, throw': ADMIT, COMMIT, COMMISSION, COMPROMISE, DEMIT, DISMISS, EMIT, INTERMIT, INTROMIT, MASS, MESS, MESSAGE, MISSILE, MISSION, MISSIVE, MITTIMUS, OMIT, PERMIT, PREMISE, PRETERMIT, PROMISE, REMIT, SUBMIT, SURVISE, TRANSMIT. G Kirmes, Kommiß, Kommissar, Kommission, Kompromiß, Messe, Mission.

moderâre (L) 'to keep within measure, moderate, control' (*med-): IMMODERATE, MODERATE. G moderato.

modestus (L) 'keeping to the appropriate measure, moderate' (*med-): IMMODEST, MODEST.

modius (L) 'measure of grain' (*med-): MODIOLUS, MUTCHIN.

modus (L) 'measure, size, limit, manner, harmony, melody' (*med-): ACCOMMODATE, COMMODE, COMMODIOUS, COMMODITY, MODAL, MODE, MODEL, MODERN, MODICUM, MODIFY, MODULATE, MODULE, MODULUS, MOLD, MOOD, MOULAGE. G kommod, Mode, Modell, modern..

molere (L) 'to grind (grain)' (*melª-): EMOLUMENT, IMMOLATE, MILL, MOLAR, MOLE, MOULIN, ORMOLU. G Mühle, Müller. It mola, molenda, mugnaio, mulinaio, mulinare, mulinello, mulino. F meule, meunier, moulin, moudre, remoulin. Sp amolar, moler, molinero, molino, muela, remolinar, remolino. Pg amolar, mó, moenda, moendeiro, moêr, moinha, moinho, moleiro, muinha, remoinhar.

môlês (L) 'heavy bulk, mass, massive structure' (rel. to molestus): DEMOLISH, MOLE, MOLECULE. G demolieren, Mole, Molekül.

molestus (L) 'labored, difficult, troublesome' (rel. to môlês): MOLEST.

mollis (L) 'soft' (*mel-1): EMMOLLIENT, MOIL, MOLLIFY, MOLLUSK, MOUILLE. G Moll, mollig.

monêre (L) 'to remind, warn, advise' (*men-1): ADMONISH, DEMONSTRATE, MONISH, MONITION, MONITOR, MONSTER, MONUMENT, MUSTER, PREMONITION, SUMMON. G demonstrieren, Monstranz, Monstrum, Monument, Muster.

monîle (L) 'necklace' (*mon-): MONILIFORM.

môns (L) 'mountain' (*men-2): AMOUNT, MARMOT, MONS, MONTANE, MONTE, MONTICULE, MOUNT, MOUNTAIN, MOUNTEBANK, PARAMOUNT, PIEDMONT, ULTRAMONTANE. G demontieren, montan, monitieren. It monte, montagna. F mont, montagne. Sp montaña, monte.

mora (L) 'delay, interruption' (*mer-2): DEMUR, DEMURE, MORA, MORATORIUM, MORATORY, REMORA.

morbus (L) 'disease': MORBID, MORBIFIC.

mordêre (L) 'to bite': MORDACIOUS, MORDANT, MORDENT, PREMORSE, REMORSE.

morî (L) 'to die' (*mer-4): MORIBUND, MURRAIN.

mors (L) 'death' (*mer-4): AMORTIZE, IMMORTAL, MORT, MORTAL, MORTGAGE, MORTIFY, MORTMAIN, MORTUARY, POST-MORTEM. G amortisieren.

môrtâriulm (L) 'mortar': MORTAR. G Mörser, Mörtel.

môrus (L) 'mulberry tree,' môrum 'mulberry' (prob. < Gr. móron): MORULA, MULBERRY, MURREY.

môs (L) 'wont, humor, manner, custom': MORAL, MORALE, MORES, MOROSE. G Moral, Mores.

movêre (L) 'to move': COMMOTION, EMOTION, MOB, MOBILE, MOMENT, MOMENTOUS, MOMENTUM, MOSSO, MOTIF, MOTION, MOTIVE, MOTOR, MOVE, MOVEMENT, PROMOTE, PROMOTION, REMOTE, REMOVE. G Möbel, mobil, Mobilien, Motiv, Promotion, promovieren.

mûcrô (L) 'sharp point, sword's point': MUCRO, MUCRONATE.

mûcus (L) 'mucus' (*meug-2): MOIST, MUCILAGE, MUCO-, MUCUS, MUSTY.

muffula, muffla (ML) 'mitten': MUFF, MUFFLE, MUFFLER.

mufrô (ML) 'wild sheep': MOUFLON.

mulcêre (L) 'to stroke, appease': DEMULCENT.

mulgêre (L) 'to milk' (*melg-): EMULSION. G Molle, Mulde.

mulier (L) 'woman': MULIEBRITY.

mulleus (L) 'reddish purple (referring to a ceremonial shoe worn by Roman magistrates)' (*mel-2): MULE.

multô (ML) 'sheep' (< Celtic): MUTTON.

multus (L) 'much, many' (*mel-4): MOLTO, MULTI-, MULTITUDE. G multi-, multiplizieren.

mûlus (L) 'mule': MLULATTO, MULE, MULETA, MULETEER.

mulus (ML) 'mole': MOLE.

mundus (L) 'world, universe': MUNDANE, ULTRAMUNDANE. G mondän. It mondo. F monde. Sp mundo.

mungere (L) 'to blow the nose' (*meug-2): EMUNCTORY.

mûnîre (L) 'to fortify, protect, strengthen' (*mei-3): AMMUNITION, MUNITION, PRAEMUNIRE, PREMUNITION.

mûnus (L) 'service performed for the community, duty, work, office, function, gift,' rel. to mûnis 'obliged, indebted, obliging' (*mei-1): MUNICIPAL, MUNIFICIENT, REMUNERATE.

mûrex (L) 'the purple-fish': MUREX.

murmur (L) 'murmur': MURMUR. G murmeln. F murmure.

murra (L), kind of fine earth out of which precious vases and goblets were made: MURRA, MURRHINE_GLASS.

mûrus (L) 'wall' (*mei-3): IMMURE, MURAL, MURAMIC_ACID, MURE.

mûs (L) 'mouse, rat' (*mûs-): MARMOT, MURINE, MUSCLE, MUSELE, MUSSEL, MUSTELINE. G Muskel, Muschel.

musca (L) 'fly' (*mu-2): MOSQUITO, MUSCA, MUSCARINE, MUSH, MUSKET.

mussiriô (LL) 'mushroom': MUSHROOM.

mustus (L) 'new, newborn' (*meu-): MUST, MUSTARD.

mûsum (ML) 'snout': AMUSE, MUSE, MUZZLE. G amusieren.

mûtâre (L) 'to change' (*mei-1): COMMUTE, MEW, MEWS, MOLT, MUTATE, PERMUTE, REMUDA, TRANSMUTE. G mausern.

mutilus (L) 'having lost one or both horns (of animals), maimed, mutilated': MOCHILA, MOZZARELLA, MUTILATE.

muttîre (L) 'to mutter' (*mu-1): MOT, MOTTO.

mûtulus (L) 'stone or wood projecting from a wall, modillion, corbel, mutule': MODILLION, MUTULE.

mûtus (L) 'silent, dumb' (*mu-1): MUTE.

mûtuus (L) 'done in exchange, borrowed, reciprocal, mutual' (*mei-1): MUTUAL.

nâpus (L) 'turnip': NAPIFORM.

nârês (L), pl. 'nostrils, nose' (*nas-): NARES.

nâsus (L) 'nose' (*nas-): NASAL, NASO-, NASTURTIUM, PINCE-NEZ.

natâre (L) 'to swim' (*snâ-): NATANT, NATATION, NATATORIAL, NATATORIUM, SUPERNATANT.

natis (L) 'buttock' (*nôt-): AITCHBONE, NATES.

nâvis (L) 'ship' (*nâu-2): NACELLE, NAVAL, NAVICULAR, NAVIGATE, NAVY. G Navigation.

înfernus (L) 'lower' (*ndher-): INFERNAL, INFERNO. G infernalisch, Inferno.

ne (L) 'not' (*ne): NEFARIOUS, NEGLECT, NEGLIGEE, NEGOTIATE, NESCIENCE, NEUTER, NICE, NISI. G Negligé.

nebula (L) 'cloud' (*nebh-): NEBULA, NEBULOUS.

necâre (L) 'to kill' (*nek-1): INTERNECINE.

necesse (L) 'inevitable, unavoidable' (ne + second element rel. to cêdere): NECESSARY.

nectere (L) 'to tie, bind, connect' (*ned-): ANNEX, CONNECT, NEXUS. G annektieren.

negâre (L) 'to deny' (*ne): ABNEGATE, DENY, NEGATE, RENEGADE, RENEGE. G negativ, negieren.

nemus (L) '(sacred) word': NEMORICOLE.

nepôs (L) 'grandson, nephew' (rel to neptis): NEPHEW, NEPOTISM. Cf. G Neffe.

neptis (L) 'granddaughter, niece' (rel to nepôs): NIECE. Cf. G Nichte.

nervus (L) 'tendon, ligament, sinew, nerve' (*sneªu-): ENERVATE, NERVE, NERVOUS. G Nerv, nervös.

nex (L) 'death' (*nek-1): PERNICIOUS.

nictâre (L) 'to move the eyelids, wink' (*kneigwh-): NICTITATE.

nîdus (L) 'nest' (*nizdo-): EYAS, NICHE, NIDE, NIDIFY, NIDUS.

niger (L) 'black': DENIGRATE, NECROMANCY, NEGRO, NIELLO, NIGRESCENCE, NIGRIFY, NIGRITUDE, NIGROSINE. G Neger.

nihilum (L) 'nothing' (*ne + hîlum 'thing, trifle'): ANNIHILATE, NIHILISM, NIL.

nimbus (L) 'rain cloud, rain, cloud, aura' (*nebh-): NIMBUS.

nimis (L) 'too much, very, excessively' (*ne + *mei-2): NIMIETY.

nitêre (L) 'to shine' (*nei-): NEAT, NET.

nîtî (L) 'to lean forward, strive' (*kneigwh-): NISUS, RENITENT. G renitent.

nix (L) 'snow' (*sneigwh-): NéVé, NIVAL, NIVEOUS.

nôbilis (L) 'knowable, known, famous, noble' (*gnô-): IGNOBLE, NOBLE. G nobel.

nocêre (L) 'to injure, harm' (*nek-1): INNOCENT, INNOCUOUS, NOCENT, NOCUOUS, NUISANCE.

noctua (L) 'owl,' der. of nox: NOCTUID, NOCTULE.

nôdus (L) 'knot' (*ned-): DéNOUEMENT, NODE, NODULE, NODUS.

nômen (L) 'name, reputation' (*no-men-): AGNOMEN, COGNOMEN, DENOMINATE, IGNOMINY, MISNOMER, NOMENCLATOR, NOMINAL, NOMINATE, NOUN, NUNCUPATIVE, PRAENOMEN, PRONOUN, RENOWN. G Nominativ, nominell, nominieren, Pronomen, Renommee, renommieren.

nôn (L) 'not' (*ne + *oi-no-): NON-.

nôn (L) 'not' (*ne + *oi-no-): NON-. G nonchalant.

nonnus (L) 'foster father,' fem. nonna 'wet nures,' in EcclL 'monk, nun' (*nana): NUN. G Nonne.

nônus (L) 'ninth,' der. of novem (*newn): NONA-, NONAGENARIAN, NONES, NOON.

norma (L) 'carpenter's square, rule, pattern, precept': ABNORMAL, ENORMOUS, NORM, NORMA, NORMAL. G abnorm, enorm, Norm. F anormal.

nôs (L) 'we' (*nes-2): NOSTRUM, PATERNOSTER.

novâcula (L) 'razor' (*kes-1): NOVACULITE.

novem (L) 'nine' (*newn): NOVEMBER, NOVENA. G November.

noverca (L) 'stepmother' (*newo-): NOVERCAL.

novus (L) 'new' (*newo-): INNOVATE, NOVA, NOVATION, NOVEL, NOVELTY, NOVICE, NOVOCAIN, RENOVATE. G Novelle, Novize, Novum, renovieren.

nox (L) 'night' (*nekw-t-): EQUINOX, NOCTI-, NOCTURN, NOCTURNAL, NOTTURNO. G nüchtern.

noxa (L) 'injury, hurt, damage' (*nek-1): NOXIOUS, OBNOXIOUS.

nûbere (L) 'to take a husband, marry': CONNUBIAL, NUBILE, NUPTIAL.

nûbês (L) 'cloud': NUANCE. G Nuance.

nûdus (L) 'naked' (*nogw-): DENUDE, NUDE, NUDI-. G Nudismus.

nuere (L) 'to nod' (*neu-2): INNUENDO, NUTATION.

nûgae (pl.) (L) 'jokes': NUGATORY.

nûmen (L) 'nod, command, divine power, deity' (*neu-2): NUMEN.

numerus (L) 'number, division': ENUMERATE, NUMBER, SUPERNUMERARY. G Nummer.

nunc (L) 'now' (*nu- + *ko-): QUIDNUNC.

nûntius (L) 'announcing,' as noun 'messenger, message' (*snâu-): ANNOUNCE, DENOUNCE, ENUNCIATE, NUNCIO. G annoncieren, denunzieren, Nuntius.

nutrîre (L) 'to suckle, nourish': NOURISH, NURTURE, NUTRIENT, NUTRIMENT, NUTRITION, NUTRITIOUS, NUTRITIVE.

nûtrîx (L) 'nurse' (*snâu-): NURSE.

nux (L) 'nut' (*ken-5): NEWEL, NOUGAT, NUCELLUS, NUCLEUS. G Nougat, nuclear.

ob (L) 'before, to, against' (*epi-): OB-. G ob-.

oblîquus (L) 'slanting, sideways, on one side, oblique, indirect': OBLIQUE, OBLIQUITY.

oblîvîscî (L) 'to forget' (ob + *lei-): OBLIVION, OUBLIETTE.

obscênus, obscaenus (L) 'ill-boding, inauspicious, repulsive': OBSCENE. G obszön.

obscûrus (L) 'covered, dark' (ob + *skeu-): CHIAROSCURO, OBSCURE. G obscur.

obsolêscere (L) 'to go out of use or fashion': OBSOLESCENT, OBSOLETE.

obstinâre (L) 'to set one's mind on' (ob + stâ-): OBSTINATE.

obturâre (L) 'to stop up': OBTURATE.

occulere (L) 'to cover over' (ob + *kel-2): OCCULT. G okkult.

ocreae (pl.) (L) 'greaves, leggings': OCREA.

ocris (L) 'rugged mountain, hill': MEDIOCRE.

octô (L) 'eight' (*oktôu): OCTANT, OCTAVE, OCTET, OCTO-, OCTOBER, OCTONARY. G Oktave, Oktober.

oculus (L) 'eye' (*okw-): ANTLER, EYELET, INOCULATE, INVEIGLE, MONOCLE, OCELLUS, OCULAR, OCULIST, OCULOMOTOR, PINOCHLE, ULLAGE. G Monokel, okulieren, Okular. F aveugle.

ôdî (L) 'to hate': ANNOY, ENNUI, NOISOME, ODIUM, ODIOUS.

odor (L) 'smell' (*od-1): ODOR.

offendere (L) 'to strike against, be offensive, offend' (ob + *gwhen-1): OFFENCE, OFFEND. G offensiv.

officium (L) 'service, duty, business, performance of work' (*op-1 + *dhê-1): OFFICE.

olêre (L) 'to emit an odor, smell' (*od-1): OLFACTORY, REDOLENT.

ôlla (L) 'cooking jar, pot' (*aukw-): OLIO, OLLA, OLLA_PODRIDA. F oille, olla-podrida. Sp olla. Pg olha.

omâsum (L) 'pouch, bullock's tripe': OMASUM.

ômen (L) 'prognostic sign, omen': ABOMINABLE, OMEN. G Omen. F abominable.

ômentum (L) 'fat skin, fat, entrails': OMENTUM.

omnis (L) 'all' (*op-1): OMNI-, OMNIBUS, OMNIUM-GATHERUM. G Omnibus.

onus (L) 'burden': EXONERATE, ONEROUS, ONUS.

opâcus (L) 'dark': OPACITY, OPAQUE.

operîre (L) 'to cover, hide' (*epi + wer-5): COVER, COVERLET, COVERT, OPERCULUM.

opînârî (L) 'to be of an opinion': OPINE, OPINION.

optâre (L) 'to choose' (*op-2): ADOPT, CO-OPT, OPT, OPTATIVE. G adoptieren.

optimus (L) 'best' (*op-1): OPTIMUM, OPTIMISM. G Optimismus, Optimum.

optiô (L) 'choice' (*op-2): OPTION.

opulentus (L) 'rich, wealthy,' der. of opis 'abundance, resources, assistance,' genitive of Ops, the goddess of abundance (*op-1): OPULENT. G opulent.

opus (L) 'work' (*op-1): COOPERATE, ESTOVERS, INURE, MANEUVER, MANURE, OFFICINAL, OPERA, OPERATE, OPEROSE, OPUS. G Manöver, Oper, operieren, opfern, Opus.

ôrâre (L) 'to utter a ritualistic formula, pray, plead': ADORE, EXORABLE, ORACLE, ORATION, ORATOR, ORATORY, PERORATE. G Orakel, Oratorium.

orbis (L) 'disk, orb': ORB, ORBICULAR, ORBICULATE, ORBIT.

ordîrî (L) 'to lay the warp (in a loom), begin to weave, begin' (*ôr-dh-): EXORDIUM, PRIMORDIAL.

ôrdô (L) 'order of threads in a loom, line, row, order' (*ôr-dh-): COORDINATION, INORDINATE, ORDAIN, ORDER, ORDINAL, ORDINANCE, ORDINARY, ORDINATE, ORDO, SUBORDINATE. G Orden, ordentlich, Order, ordinär, Ordinarius, ordnen, Ordonnanz.

oriolum (ML) 'upper chamber': ORIEL.

orîrî (L) 'to appear, arise, be born' (*er-1): ABORT, ABORTION, ORIENT, ORIGIN. G Abort, abortieren, abortiv, Abortus, Orient, original. F avorter, avorton. Sp abortón, artuña.

ôrnâre (L) 'to prepare, arrange, furnish, decorate' (*ôr-dh-): ADORN, ORNAMENT, ORNATE, SUBORD. G Ornament, Ornat.

os (L) 'bone' (*ost-): OS, OSSEUS, OSSICLE, OSPREY, OSSIFRAGE, OSSIFY, OSSUARY.

ôs (L) 'mouth, face, orifice': INOCULATE, ORAL, ORIFICE, ORINASAL, OROTUND, OS, OSCILLATE, OSCITANCY, OSCULATE, OSCULUM, OSTIARY, OSTIULM, USHER. Sp orilla 'edge, shore' (< L ôra 'edge, coast').

oscen (L) 'singing bird used in divination' (*epi- + *kan-): OSCINE.

Ostrogothî (LL), pl. 'East Goths' (*ostro- 'eastern'< *aus-1 + Gothî): OSTROGOTHS.

ôtium (L) 'leisure': NEGOTIATE, OTIOSE.

ovis (L) 'sheep' (*owi-): OVIBOS, OVINE.

ôvum (L) 'egg' (*ôwyo-): OVAL, OVARY, OVATE, OVI-, OVOLO, OVULE, OVUM. G oval.

pâbulum (L) 'food, fodder' (*pâ-): PABULUM.

pacîscî (L) 'to agree' (*pag-): PACT. G Pacht, Pakt.

paene, pêne (L) 'almost': PENULTIMATE, PENUMBRA.

paenitêre (L) 'to repent': PENITENT, PENITENTIARY.

paenûria, pênûria (L) 'want, scarcity': PENURIOUS, PENURY.

pâgina (L) 'trellis to which a row of vines is attached, column of writing, page' (*pag-): PAGE, PAGEANT, PAIL.

pâgus (L) 'boundary staked out on the ground, district, village, country' (*pag-): PAGAN, PEASANT.

pâla (L) 'spade' (prob. *pag-): PALETTE, PEEL. G Palette.

palâtium (L), name of one of the seven hills of Rome which was the site of imperial palaces: PALACE, PALATINE. G Palast. F palais.

palea (L) 'slender straw, chaff' (*pel-1): PAILLASSE, PALEA.

pallêre (L) 'to be pale' (*pel-2): APPAL, PALE, PALLID, PALLOR.

pallium (L) 'coverlet, Greek mantle' (rel. to palla, kind of garment): PALLIUM.

palma (L) 'palm of the hand' (*pelª-2): PALM. G Palme.

palpârî (L) 'to stroke gently, touch' (*pôl-): PALPABLE, PALPATE, PALPITATE.

palpebrae (pl.) (L) 'eyelids' (*pôl-): PALPEBRAL.

palpus (L) 'a touching, the palm of the hand' (*pôl-): PALP.

palumbês (L) 'ringdove, gray bird' (*pel-2): PALOMINO.

palûs (L) 'marsh': PALUDAL, PALUDISM.

pâlus (L) 'stake' (*pag-2): IMPALE, PALE, PALISADE, PAWL, PEEL, POLE, TRAVAIL, TRAVEL. G Palissade, Pfahl.

pandere (L) 'to spread out' (prob. *petª-): EXPAND, PACE, PAS, PASS, PASSADO, PASSADO, PASSAGE, PASSé, PASSENGER, PASSE-PARTOUT, PASSIM, REPAND. G en passant, Expansion, Paß, Passat, passen, passieren, Passus.

pangere (L) 'to fasten' (*pag-): COMPACT, IMPINGE. G kompakt.

pânis (L) 'bread' (*pâ-): ACCOMPANY, APPANAGE, COMPANION, COMPANY, PANADA, PANATELA, PANNIER, PANOCHA, PANTRY, PASTILLE, PENUCHE. G Kompagnon, Kompanie, Kumpan, Kumpel. F accompagner.

pannus (L) 'piece of cloth, rag' (*pan-): PANE, PANEL, PAWN, PENNI, PENNY, PFENNIG. G Pfennig.

pantex (L) 'bowels, intestines': PAUNCH.

pânus (L) 'millet': PANIC GRASS.

papâver (L) 'the poppy': POPPY.

pâpiliô (L) 'butterfly, tent': PAPILLON, PAPILOTE, PAVILLION. G Pavillon.

pappa (L) 'food' (*pap-2): PAP, POPPYCOCK. G Papp, Pappe.

papula (L) 'pimple' (*pap-1): PAPILLA, PAPULE.

pâr (L) 'equal': APPAREL, COMPARE, HERB PARIS, IMPARITY, NONPAREIL, PAIR, PAR, PARI-MUTUEL, PARITY, PARLAY, PEER. G Komparativ, Paar, Parität, Paroli.

parâre (L) 'to try to get, prepare, equip' (*perª-1): APPARATUS, APPARFLECHE, EMPEROR, EMPIRE, IMPERATIVE, IMPERIAL, PARADE, PARE, PARRY, PARURE, PREPARE, RAMPART, REPAIR, SEPARATE, SEVER, SEVERAL. G Apparat, Imperativ, Imperialismus, parieren, präparieren, reparieren, separat, Séparée. It comprare. Sp comprar. Pg comprar.

parcere (L) 'to spare': PARSIMONY.

pârêre (L) 'to show': APPARENT, APPARITION, APPARITOR, APPEAR.

parere, parîre (L) 'to get, beget, give birth': PARENT, -PAROUS, PARTURIENT, POSTPARTUM, REPERTORY, VIPER.

pariês (L) 'wall of a room': PARIES, PARIETAL.

parricus (ML) 'pen, fold': PADDOCK, PARK, PARQUET. G Park, Parkett.

pars (L) 'share, part, side': APART, APARTMENT, APARTHEID, BIPARTITE, COMPART, IMPART, PARCEL, PARCENER, PARSE, PART, IMPART, REPARTEE. G apart, Apartment, Appartement, Part, Partei, partial, Partie, Partikel, Partisan, Partitur, Partizip, Partner, Party, Parzelle.

parum (L) 'little, too little, barely,' adv. der. of parvum, neuter of parvus 'little' (*pau-): PARAFFIN.

pâscere (L) 'to feed' (*pâ-): ANTIPASTO, PASTURE, PESTER, REPAST.

passer (L) 'sparrow': PASSERINE.

pastinâca (L) 'parsnip, carrot': PARSNIP.

pâstor (L) 'shepherd,' der. of pâscere (*pâ-): PASTOR. G Pastor.

pater (L) 'father' (*pªter-): EXPATRIATE, IMPETRATE, PADRE, PATER, PATERNAL, PATRI-, PATRICIAN, PATRIMONY, PATRON, PERPETRATE. G Gevatter, Pate, Pater, Patrize, Patrizier, Patron, Patrone. G Patron 'patron saint,' Patrone 'cartridge, explosive charge.'

patêre (L) 'to be open' (*petª-): PATENT, PATULOUS. G Patent.

patî (L) 'to suffer': COMPASSION, PASSIBLE, PASSION, PASSIVE, PATIENT. G Passion, passiv, Patience, Patient.

paucus (L) 'little, few' (*pau-): PAUCITY, POCO.

paullus, paulus (L) 'small' (*pau-): PAUL.

pauper (L) 'poor' (*pau- + *perª-1): PAUPER, POOR, POVERTY.

pauper (L) 'poor' (*pau- + *perª-1): PAUPER, POOR, POVERTY.

pavêre (L) 'to be struck with horror, be afraid' (*peu-): PAVID.

pavîre (L) 'to beat the ground to make it level' (*peu-): PAVE, PAVé.

pâvô (L) 'peacock': PEACOCK.

pâx (L) 'peace' (*pag-): APPEASE, PACE, PACIFIC, PAY, PEACE. G Pazifik, Pazifismus.

peccâre (L) 'to stumble, sin' (*ped-1): IMPECCABLE, PECCABLE, PECCANT.

pecia, petia, petium, pettium (ML) 'piece': PIECE.

pecten (L) 'comb' (*pek-2): PECTEN.

pectus (L) 'breast': EXPECTORATE, PARAPET, PECTORAL.

pecûlium (L) 'money or property managed by a person (slave) incapable of legal ownership,' rel. to pecû 'flock, herd' and pecûnia (*peku-): PECULATE, PECULIAR.

pecûnia (L) 'riches (in cattle), wealth' (*peku-): IMPECUNIOUS, PECUNIARY. G pekuniär.

pêdere (L) 'to fart' (*pezd-): PETARD.

pedica (L) 'fetter, snare' (*ped-1): DISPATCH, IMPEACH.

pêdis (L) 'louse': PEDICULAR.

pêjor (L) 'worse' (*ped-1): IMPAIR, PEJORATION.

pellere (L) 'to push, drive, strike' (*pel-6): APPEAL, APPEL, APPELLANT, APPELLATE, APPELLATION, APELLATIVE, APPELLEE, COMPEL, COMPELLATION, DISPEL, EXPEL, IMPEL, INTERPELLATE, POUSETTE, PROPEL, PULSATE, PULSE, PUSH. G Appell, bugsieren, Impuls, poussieren, Propeller, Puls.

pellex (L) 'concubine': COLLEEN.

pellis (L) 'skin' (*pel-4): PELISSE, PELLAGRA, PELLICLE, PELT, PELTRY, PILLION, SURPLICE. G Pelle, Pelz.

pêlvis (L) 'basin, cauldron': PELVIS.

pendêre (L) 'to hang,' whence pendere 'to cause to hang, weigh,' frequentative pensâre 'to weigh' (*spen-): ANTEPENDIUM, APPEND, APPENDIX, COMPENDIUM, COMPENSATE, DEPEND, DISPENSE, EXPEND, EXPENSE, EXPENSIVE, IMPEND, IMPENDING, PAINTER, PANSY, PENCHANT, PENDANT, PENDENTIVE, PENDULOUS, PENSEROSO, PENSILE, PENSION, PENSIVE, PENTHOUSE, PERPEND, PERPENDICULAR, PESO, POISE, PREPENSE, PROPEND, SPEND, SUSPEND, SUSPENSE, VILIPEND. G kompensieren, Kompendium, Pension, Pensum, Speise, spenden, Spesen, Spinde, suspendieren.

pênis (L) 'penis, tail': PENCIL, PENCILLIUM, PENIS.

penna (L) 'feather, wing' (*pet-): PANACHE, PEN, PENNA, PENNATE, PENNON, PINATI-, PINNA, PINNACLE, PINNATE, PINULE. G Pennal.

penus (L) 'interior of a house, store of food, provisons': PENETRATE. G penetrant.

per (L) 'through, for, by' (*per 1): PARAMOUNT, PARAMOUR, PARGET, PARTERRE, PARVENU, PER, PER-. G per-.

pergula (L) 'projection, balcony, vine arbor': PERGOLA.

perîculum, perîclum (L) 'trial, danger' (*per-4): PARLOUS, PERIL.

perna (L) 'leg, ham': PEARL. G Ferse, Perle.

pervinca (L) 'periwinkle': PERIWINKLE.

pês (L) 'foot' (*ped-1): CAP-A-PIE, MILLIPEDE, PAWN, -PED, PEDAL, PEDATE, PEDESTAL, PEDESTRIAN, PEDI-, PEDICEL, PEDIGREE,PEDUNCLE, PEON, PES, PIEDMONT, PIONEER, SESQUIPEDALIAN, TRIPEDAL, TRIVET, VAMP. G Depesche, Moped, Pedal, Pediküre, Pionier.

pessimus (L) 'worst' (*ped-1): PESSIMISM. G Pessimismus.

pestis (L) 'plague': PEST, PESTILENT. G Pest.

petere (L) 'to go toward, seek' (*pet-): APPETITE, COMPETE, COMPETENT, IMPETUS, PERPETUAL, -PETAL, PETITION, PETULANT, REPEAT. G Appetit, Impetus, kompetent, Perpetuum mobile, Petition, repetieren.

pîca (L) 'magpie' (*speik-): PICA, PIE.

pîcus (L) 'woodpecker' (*speik-): PICARO, PICKET, PIKE, PIQUE.

pila (L) 'ball': PILE, PILL, PILULE. G Pille.

pîla (L) 'pillar, pier': COMPILATION, COMPILE, PILE, PILLAR, PILLORY.

pilleus (L) 'man's cap,' orig. made of unsheared ewe's hide, worn by religious officials and given to freed slaves: PILEATED, PILEUM, PILEUS, PILLAGE.

pîlum (L) 'javelin, pestle': PILE.

pilus (L) 'hair': CATERPILLAR, DEPILATE, PELAGE, PILAR, PILE, PILOSE, PLUCK, PLUSH, POILU.

pingere (L) 'to embroider, tattoo, paint, picture' (*peig-1): DEPICT, PAINT, PICTOGRAPH, PICTOR, PICTURE, PICTURESQUE, PIGMENT, PIMENTO, PINTO.

pinsere, pinsâre (L) 'to pound, crush' (*peis-1): PISTON.

pînus (L) 'pine tree': PIÑA_CLOTH, PINE, PINEAL, PINNACE, PIÑON. G Pinie.

pîpâre (L) 'to chirp' (*pipp-): FIFE, PIPE. Cf. G Pfeife, pfeifen.

pîpîre (L) 'to chirp' (*pipp-): PIGEON.

pirum (L) 'pear,' neuter pirus 'pear tree': PEAR. G Birne.

piscis (L) 'fish' (*peisk-): GRAMPUS, PISCARY, PISCATORIAL, PISCES, PISCI-, PISCINA, PISCINE, PORPOISE.

pistillum (L) 'pestle' (*peig-1): PESTLE, PISTIL.

pîtuîta (L) 'moisture exuded from trees, gum, phlegm': PIP, PITUITARY, PITUITOUS.

pius (L) 'dutiful, devoted, pious': EXPIATE, IMPIOUS, PIACULAR, PIETà, PIETY, PIOUS, PITTANCE, PITY.

pix (L) 'tar, pitch, resin': PAY, PICEOUS, PICOLINE, PITCH, PITCHBLENDE. G erpicht, Pech.

plâcâre (L) 'to calm' (*plâk-1): PLACABLE, PLACATE.

placêre (L) 'to please, be agreeable': COMPLACENT, PLACEBO, PLACID, PLEA, PLEAD, PLEASE, PLEASANT.

plâga (L) 'blow, stroke' (*plâk-2): PLAGUE. G Plage.

plaga (L) 'net': PLAGIARY.

plancus (L) 'flat, flat-footed,' fem. planca (as noun) 'board' (*plâk-1): PLANCHET, PLANK, PLANK-SHEER. G Planche, Planke.

plangere (L) 'to strike (one's own breast), lament' (*plâk-2): COMPLAIN, PLAINT, PLANGENT.

planta (L) 'sole of the foot' in plantâre 'to drive in with the sole of the foot,' hence 'to plant' and planta 'twig, cutting, plant' (*plat-): CLAN, PLANT, PLANTATION, PLANTAIN, PLANTAR, PLANTIGRADE, SUPPLANT. G Pflanze, Plan, Plantage.

plânus (L) 'flat, level, even' (*pelª-2): AIRPLANE, EXPLAIN, LLANO, PIANO, PLAIN, PLAN, PLANARIAN, PLANE, PLANISH, PLANO-, PLANULA. G plan, Plan. F plaine. It pianura. Sp llanura.

plaudere (L) 'to clap': APPLAUD, APPLAUSE, EXPLODE, EXPLOSIVE, EXPLOSION, IMPLOSIVE, PLAUDIT, PLOSIVE. G applaudieren, explodieren, plausibel.

plêbs, plêps, plêbês (L) 'the people, multitude': PLEBE, PLEBEIAN, PLEBISCITE, PLEBS. G Plebs, Plebiszit.

plectere (L) 'to weave, plait, entwine' (*plek-): ACCOMPLICE, AMPLEXICAUL, COMPLECT, COMPLEX, COMPLICE, PERPLEX, PLEACH, PLEXUS. G Komplize, perplex. F complice.

plênus (L) 'full' (*pelª-1): PLENARY, PLENIPOTENTIARY, PLENITUDE, PLENTY, PLENUM, REPLENISH, TERREPLEIN. G Plenum.

plêre (L) 'to fill' (*pelª-1): ACCOMPLISH, COMPLETE, COMPLIMENT, COMPLY, EXPLETIVE, IMPLEMENT, REPLETE, SUPPLY. G komplementär, komplett, Kompliment. F accomplir.

plevium (LL) 'pledge, guarantee' (< Gmc < *plegan), whence OF plevir 'to pledge': PLEDGE, REPLEVIN, REPLEVY.

-plex (L) 'fold' (*plek-): MULTIPLEX, QUINTUPLE, SUPPLE.

plicâre (L) 'to fold' (*plek-): APPLY, COMPLICATE, DEPLOY, DISPLAY, EMPLOY, EXPLICATE, IMPLICATE, PLAIT, PLIANT, PLICA, PLICATE, PLIGHT, PLISSE, PLY, REPLICATE, SUPPLICATE. G Komplice, kompliziert, Plissee.

plôrâre (L) 'to wail, weep, lament': DEPLORE, IMPLORE.

pluere (L) 'to rain' (*pleu-): PLOVER, PLUVIAL, PLUVIOUS.

plûma (L) 'feather' (*pleus-): DEPLUME, PLUMATE, PLUME, PLUMOSE, PLUMULE. G Flaum, Plumeau.

plumbum (L) 'lead' (prob. rel. to Gr móubdos): APLOMB, PLUMB, PLUMBAGO, PLUMBER, PLUMBISM, PLUMMET, PLUNGE.

-plus (L) '-fold' (*pel-3): CENTUPLE, DECUPLE, MULTIPLE, NONUPLE, OCTOPLE, QUADRUPLE, SEPTUPLE, TRIPLE. G doppelt, Double, Dublee, Dublette.

plûs (L) 'more' (*pelª-): NONPLUS, PIù, PLUPERFECT, PLURAL, PLUS, SURPLUS. G Plural, plus.

polîre (L) 'to make smooth, polish' (*pel-6): POLISH. G polieren.

pollen (L) 'fine flour, powder' (*pel-1): POLLEN.

pollêre (L) 'to be powerful': EQUIPOLLENT.

pollex (L) 'thumb': POLLEX.

polluere (L) 'to pollute' (pro + *leu-2): POLLUTE.

pômum (L) 'fruit,' neuter of pômus 'fruit tree': POMACE, POMADE, POME. G Pomade.

pondô (L) 'by weight' (*spen-): POUND. G Pfund.

pondus (L) 'weight' (*spen-): EQUIPONDERATE, PONDER, PONDEROUS, PREPONDERATE. G Imponderabilien.

pôns (L) 'bridge' (*pent-): PONS, PONTIFEX, PONTIFF, PONTIFICAL, PONTIFICATE, PONTINE, PONTOON, PUNT, TRANSPONTINE. G Pontifikat, Ponton.

poples (L) 'the ham of the knee': POPLITEAL.

populus (L) 'people': DEPOPULATE, PEOPLE, POPULACE, POPULAR, POPULATE, PUBLIC, PUEBLO, REPUBLIK. G Pöbel, publik, Republik.

pôpulus (L) 'poplar': POPLAR, POPPLE.

porcillâca (L) 'purslane': PURSLANE.

porcus (L) 'pig' (*porko-): PORCELAIN, PORCINE, PORCUPINE, PORK, PORPOISE. G Porzellan.

porta (L) 'gate' (*per-2): PORCH, PORT, PORTAL, PORTCULLIS, PORTER, PORTICO, PORTIèRE, PORTULACA. G Pforte, Portal, Portier, Portiere.

portâre (L) 'to carry' (*per-2): COMPORT, DEPORT, EXPORT, IMPORT, IMPORTANT, PORT, PORTABLE, PORTAGE, PORTATIVE, PORTER, PORTFOLIO, PURPORT, RAPPORT, REPORT, SPORT, SUPPORT, TRANSPORT. G apportieren, Deportation, Export, Import, kolportieren, Portemonnaie, Porto.

portendere (L) 'to stretch out before, (as augury term) indicate, foretell' (pro + *ten-): PORTEND.

portiô (L) 'part': PORTION, PROPORTION. G Portion, Proportion.

portus (L) 'harbor' (*per-2): IMPORTUNE, OPPORTUNE, OPPORTUNITY, PORT. G opportun, Opportunist.

posse (L) 'to be able, have power' (*poti-): IMPOTENT, POSSESS, POSSIBLE, POTENT, POWER, PREPOTENT, PUISSANT. G potent.

postês (L), pl. 'post' (*per 1 + stâ): POST. G Pfosten.

postulâre (L) 'to ask, request' (*prek-): EXPOSTULATE, POSTULATE. G postulieren, Postulat.

potis (L) 'powerful, able' (*poti-): PODESTA.

pottus, potus (LL) 'drinking vessel': CACHEPOT, HOTCHPOT, POT, POTICHE, POTTAGE, PUDGY, PUTTY.

pôtus (L) 'having drunk' (*pôi-): POISON, POTABLE, POTATION, POTATORY, POTION.

prae (L) 'before' (*per 1): PRE-, PRETERIT. G prä-.

praeda (L) 'booty' (prae + *ghend-): DEPREDATE, OSPREY, PREDATORY, PREY, SPREE.

praegnâs (L) 'pregnant' (prae + *genª-): PREGNANT. G prägnant.

praepûtium (L) 'foreskin': PREPUCE.

praes (L) 'surety, pledge' (prae + *wadh-1): PRAEDIAL.

praestô (L) 'at hand, within reach': PRESS, PRESTO.

prandium (L) 'first meal, late breakfast, lunch,' rel. to prandêre 'to eat breakfast or lunch' (*per 1 + *ed-): PRANDIAL.

prandium (L) 'first meal, late breakfast, lunch,' rel. to prandêre (L) 'to eat breakfast or lunch' (*per 1 + *ed-): PRANDIAL.

prâtum (L) 'meadow': PRAIRIE, PRATINCOLE.

prâvus (L) 'distorted, crooked': DEPRAVE.

precês (L), pl. 'prayers' (*prek-), whence precârî 'to entreat, pray': DEPRECATE, IMPRECATE, PRAY, PRAYER, PRECARIOUS. G prekär.

prehendere (L) 'to get hold of, seize, grasp' (prae + *ghend-): APPREHEND, APPRENTICE, APPRAISE, COMPREHEND, COMPRISE, EMPRISE, ENTERPRISE, ENTREPRENEUR, MISPRISION, PREGNABLE, PREHENSILE, PREHENSION, PRISON, PRIZE, PRY, REPREHEND, REPRISAL, REPRISE, SURPRISE. G Prise.

premere (L) 'to press': APPRESSED, COMPRESS, DEPRESS, EXPRESS, IMPRESS, IMPRINT, OPPRESS, PREGNANT, PRESS, PRESSURE, PRINT, REPRESS, REPRIMAND, SUPPRESS. G deprimieren, Expreß, Expressionismus, Expresso, Impressionismus, Impressum, Imprimatur, komprimieren, Presse, pressen, pressieren.

pretium (L) 'worth, value' (*per-6): APPRAISE, APPRECIATE, DEPRECIATE, PRAISE, PRECIOUS, PRICE. G Preis, preisen.

prîmus (L) 'first, foremost' (*per 1): IMPRIMIS, PREMIER, PRIMA FACIE, PRIMAL, PRIMARY, PRIMATE, PRIMAVERA, PRIME, PRIMEVAL, PRIMIPARA, PRIMITIVE, PRIMO, PRIMOGENITOR, PRIMOGENITURE, PRIMORDIAL, PRIMUS. G Premiere, prima, primär, Primas, Primat, Primel, primitiv.

prînceps (L) 'he who takes first place, leader, chief, emperor' (*per 1 + -ceps): PRINCE, PRINCIPAL, PRINCIPLE. G Prinz, Prinzip, Prinzipal.

prior (L) 'former, higher' (*per 1): PRIOR, PRIORITY. G Prior, Priorität.

prîscus (L) 'former, ancient': PRISCILLA.

prîstinus (L) 'former, earlier, original' (*per 1): PRISTINE.

prîvus (L) 'single, alone' (*per 1): DEPRIVE, PRIVATE, PRIVILEGE, PRIVITY, PRIVY. G privat, Privileg.

pro, prôd- (L) 'before, for, instead of' (*per 1): PRO, PRO-, PURCHASE. G pro-.

probrum (L) 'reproach' (pro + *bher-1): OPPROBRIUM.

probus (L) 'upright, good, virtuous, just' (*per 1): APPROBATION, APPROVE, IMPROBITY, IMPROVE, PROBABLY, PROBE, PROBITY, PROOF, PROVE, REPROVE. G approbiert, probat, Probe, proben, probieren, Prüfen.

prôdigium (L) 'prophetic sign' (pro + *êg-): PRODIGIOUS, PRODIGY.

prôlês (L) 'offspring' (pro + *al-3): PROLAN, PROLETARIAN, PROLIFEROUS, PROLIFIC. G Proletariat, Proletarier. F prolétaire, prolifère, prolifique.

prôlixus (L) 'poured forth, stretched out in front, extended' (pro + *wleik-): PROLIX.

prômulgâre (L) 'to publish, promulgate': PROMULGATE.

prônus (L) 'leaning forward' (*per 1): PRONE.

prôpâgês (L) 'layer of vine, offspring' (*pag-): PROPAGANDA, PROPAGATE. G pfropfen, Propaganda.

prope (L) 'near' (*per 1): APPROACH, RAPPROCHEMENT, REPROACH.

propinquus (L) 'near' (*per 1): PROPINQUITY.

propitius (L) 'favorable, gracious, eager, well-disposed (said of the gods)' (pro + *pet-): PROPITIOUS.

proprius (L) 'one's own, particular' (*per 1): APPROPRIATE, PROPER, PROPERTY, PROPRIOCEPTOR. G proper. F propre.

prosper, prosperus (L) 'favorable, prosperous' (*per 1 + *spê-1): PROSPER.

prôvincia (L) 'charge, official duty, administration or region of conquered territory': PROVINCE, PROVINCIAL. G Provinz.

proximus (L) 'nearest, very near, next' (*per 1): APPROXIMATE, PROXIMATE.

pruîna (L) 'hoarfrost' (*preus-): PRUINOSE.

prûnus (L) 'plum tree,' prûnum 'plum': PRUNE.

prûrîre (L) 'to burn, itch, yearn for' (*preus-): PRURIENT, PRURIGO, PRURITUS.

pûbês (L) 'pubic hair': PUBES, PUBIC, PUBIS.

pûbês, pûber (L) 'adult, grown-up' (rel. to pûbês): PUBERTY, PUBERULENT, PUBESCENT. G Pubertät.

pudêre (L) 'to feel shame' (*speud-): IMPUDENT, PUDENCY.

puer (L) 'child' (*pau-): PUERILE, PUERPERAL.

pugnus (L) 'fist' (*peuk-): IMPUGN, OPPUGN, PONIARD, PUGILISM, PUGNACIOUS, REPUGN, REPUGNANT.

pulcher (L) 'beautiful': PULCHRITUDE.

pûlêium, pulêgium (L) 'fleabane': PENNYROYAL.

pûlex (L) 'flea' (*plou-): PUCE.

pullus (L) 'young of an animal, foal, chicken' (*pau-): CATCHPOLE, POLTROON, PONY, POOL, POULARD, POULT, POULTERER, POULTRY, PULLET.

pulmô (L) 'lung' (*pleu-): PULMONARY.

pulpa (L) 'solid flesh, pulp': PULP.

pulpitum (L) 'scaffold, platform': PULPIT.

puls (L) 'pottage' (prob. < Etruscan < Gr póltos 'porridge' made from flour or beans < *pel-1): POULTICE, PULSE.

pulvis (L) 'dust, powder' (*pel-1): POWDER, PULVERIZE. It polvere. F poudre, poussière. Sp pólvora.

pultâre (L) 'to knock, beat' (*pel-6): PELT.

pulvînus (L) 'pillow, cushion, bolster': PILLOW, PULVINUS.

pûmex (L) 'pumice' (*spoi-mo-): POUNCE, PUMICE. G Bimsstein.

pungere (L) 'to prick' (*peuk-): BUNG, COMPUNCTION, COUNTERPANE, EXPUNGE, PIVOT, POIGNANT, POINT, POINTILLISM, POINTIL, POUNCE, PUN, PUNCHEON, PUNCTUATE, PUNCTURE, PUNGENT, SPONTOON, TRAPUNTO.

puppa, pûpa (L) 'girl, doll,' masc. puppus, pûpus 'boy' (*pap-1): PUPA, PAPATE, PUPIL, PUPILLAGE, PUPILLAROUS, PUPPET, PUPPY. G Pupille, Puppe.

puppis (L) 'stern': POOP.

pûrus (L) 'pure': COMPURGATION, DEPURATE, EXPURGATE, PURE, PURGE, PURITAN, SPURGE. G pur, Püree.

pûs (L) 'pus' (*pu-2): PURULENT, PUS, SUPPURATE. G Pustel.

pustula (L) 'bubble, blister' (*pu-1): PUSTULE.

pûsus (L) 'boy,' pûsa 'girl' (*pau-): PUSILLANIMOUS.

putâre (L) 'to clean, purify, prune, lop clean, settle an account,' and from the last sense 'to think over, consider' (*peu-): ACCOUNT, AMPUTATE, BERATE, COMPUTE, COUNT, DEPUTE, DISPUTE, IMPUTE, PUTAMEN, PUTATIVE, RATE, REPUTATION, REPUTE. G amputieren, deputieren, Deputat, Deputation, Deputierte, Disput, disputieren, Konto, Kontor, Kontorist, Discont, Skonto.

puter (L) 'rotten,' rel. to putêre 'to be rotten, spoiled, stink' (*pu-2): OLLA_PODRIDA, POTPOURRI, PUTREFY, PUTRESCENT, PUTRID.

puteus (L) 'well': PIT.

quadra (L) 'square' (*kwetwer-): QUADRILLE. G Quadrille.

quadrâgintâ (L) 'forty' (*kwetwer-): QUARANTINE. G Quarantäne.

quadrâns (L) 'fourth part' (*kwetwer-): QUADRANT. G Quadrant.

quadri- (L) 'four' (*kwetwer-): QUADR-.

quadrus (L) 'four-sided thing, square' (*kwetwer-): CADRE, QUADRATE, QUARREL, QUARRY, SQUAD, SQUARE, TROCAR. G Geschwader, kariert, Karo, Quader, Quadrat, Schwadron.

quaerere (L) 'to seek, investigate, inform oneself, try, ask, get': ACQUIRE, CONQUER, DISQUISITION, EXQUISITE, INQUIRE, PERQUISITE, QUAESTOR, QUERIST, QUERY, QUEST, QUESTION. G exquisit, requirieren, Requisiten.

quâlis (L) 'of what kind' (*kwo-): QUALITY. G Qualität.

quam (L) 'as, than, how' (*kwo-): QUASI. G quasi.

quanquam (L) 'although': CANCAN.

quantus (L) 'how great' (*kwo-): QUANTITY. G Quantum, Quantität.

quârtus (L) 'fourth, quarter' (*kwetwer-): QUADRILLE, QUADROON, QUART, QUARTAN, QUARTER, QUARTET, QUARTO. G Quarta, Quartal, Quartett, Quartier.

quater (L) 'four times' (*kwetwer-): CAHIER, CARILLON, CASERN, QUATERNARY, QUIRE. G Kaserne.

quatere (L) 'to shake': CASCARA, CASHIER, CONCUSS, CONCUSSION, DISCUSS, FRICASSEE, FRICANDEAU, PERCUSS, PERCUSSION, QUASH, RESCUE, SCUTCH, SQUASH, SUCCUSSION. G diskutieren, Kasko.

-que (L) 'and': SESQUI, UBIQUITY.

quem (L) 'whom' (*kwo-): CONQUIAN.

quercus (L) 'oak' (*perkwu-): QUERCETIN, QUERCITRON.

querî (L) 'to utter plaintive cries, complain' (*kwes-): QUARREL, QUERULOUS.

quî (L) 'who' (*kwo-): QUA, QUIBBLE, QUORUM.

quid (L) 'what, something' (*kwo-): HIDALGO, QUIDDITY, QUIDNUNC, QUIP.

quiês (L) 'quiet' (*kweiª-2): ACQUIESCE, ACQUIT, COY, QUIET, REQUIEM, REQUIESCAT.

quîndecim (L) 'fifteen' (*penkwe + *dekm): QUINDECENNIAL.

quînî (L) 'five each' (*penkwe): KENO, QUINATE.

quînquâginta (L) 'fifty' (*penkwe + *dekm): QUINQUAGENARIAN, QUINQUAGESIMA.

quînque (L) 'five' (*penkwe): CINQUAIN, CINQUE, CINQUECENTO, CINQUEFOIL, QUINCUNX, QUINDECENNIAL, QUINQUE-.

quîntus (L) 'fifth' (*penkwe): QUENTIN, QUINT, QUINTAIN, QUINTESSENCE, QUINTET, QUINTILE, QUINTILLIAN, QUINTUPLE.

quirîs (L) 'citizen, Roman citizen': CRY.

quod (L) 'what' (*kwo-): QUODLIBET.

quom (L) 'when' (*kwo-): QUONDAM.

quot (L) 'how many' (*kwo-): ALIQUOT, QUOTE, QUOTIENT, QUOTIDIAN. G Quote, Quotient.

rabere (L) 'to be enraged': RABID, RABIES, RAGE. G rabiat.

racêmus (L) 'stalk of a cluster of grapes, bunch of berries': RACEME, RACEMIC, RACEMOSE, RAISIN.

râdere (L) 'to scrape': ABRADE, CORRADE, ERASE, RADULA, RAIL, RASCAL, RASH, RASORIAL, RAZE, RAZOR.

radius (L) 'spoke of a wheel, ray': RADAR, RADIO, RADIO-, RADIUM, RADIUS. G Radar, Radio, radio-, Radium, Radius.

râdîx (L) 'root' (*wrâd-): DERACINATE, ERADICATE, RACE, RADICAL, RADICLE, RADISH, RADIX. G Meerrettich, Radieschen, radikal, Rasse, rassig, Rettich.

ragere (LL) 'to neigh, roar': RAIL, RAILLERY.

raia (L) 'ray, fish': RAY.

râmus (L) 'branch' (*wrâd-): RAMIFY, RAMOSE, RAMUS.

râna (L) 'frog': RANUNCULUS.

rancêre (L) 'to stink': RANCID.

rapere (L) 'to seize, take by force': EREPSIN, RAPACIOUS, RAPE, RAPID, RAPT, RAVEN, RAVIN, RAVISH, SURREPTITIOUS.

râpum, râpa (L) 'turnip': KOHLRABI, RAMPION, RAPE, RAVIOLI. G Kohlrabi, Raps, Rübe.

rârus (L) 'having intervals between, full of empty spaces, rare' (*erª-2): RARE.

râstrum (L) 'rake': RACLETTE.

ratis (L) 'raft' (*erª-2): RATITE.

raucus (L) 'hoarse' (*reu-1): RAUCOUS.

re-, red- (L) 'backward, again' (rel. to retrô, reciprocus): RE-. G re-.

recêns (L) 'young, fresh, new' (re- + *ken-3): RECENT.

reciprocus (L) 'alternating, backward and forward' (rel. to re-): RECIPROCAL.

recuperâre (L) 'to regain, recover': RECOVER, RECUPERATE.

reduvia (L) 'fragment' (red- + *eu-1): REDUVIID.

refûtâre (L) 'to drive back, rebut' (re- + *bhau-): REFUTE. It rifiutare. F réfuter. Sp refutar. Pg refutar.

regêre (L) 'to be stiff': RIGID, RIGOR. G rigoros.

regere (L) 'to lead straight, guide, rule' (*reg-1): ADDRESS, ADROIT, ALERT, CORRECT, DIRECT, DRESS, DRESSER, ERECT, ESCORT, REALM, RECTANGLE, RECTIFY, RECTILINEAR, RECTITUDE, RECTO, RECTOR, RECTUM, REGENT, REGIME, REGIMENT, REGION, RISORGIMENTO, SURGE. G Adresse, adrett, direkt, Direktion, Direktive, Direktor, Dirigent, dirigieren, Dreß, dressieren, Eskorte, indirekt, korrekt, korrigieren, Regent, Regie, regieren, Regime, Regiment, Region. It accorgersi, addirizzare. F adresser. Sp aderezar.

rêgula (L) 'straight piece of wood, rod' (*reg-1): RAIL, REGLET, REGULAR, REGULATE, RULE. G Regel, regeln, regulär.

reminîscî (L) 'to recall, recollect' (re- + *men-1): REMINISCENT. G Reminiszenz.

rêmus (L) 'oar' (*erª-1): BIREME, REMEX, TRIREME. G riemen.

rêpere (L) 'to creep, crawl, proceed slowly': REPENT, REPTANT, REPTILE, SUBREPTION. G Reptil.

repudium (L) 'a casting off' (re- + *speud-): REPUDIATE.

rêrî (L) 'to consider, confirm, ratify' (*rê-): ARRAIGN, RATE, RATION, RATIONAL, REASON. G Räson, Rate, ratifizieren, Ration.

rês (L) 'property, possession, interest in some matter, affair, thing, reality': RE, REAL, REBUS, REIFY, REPUBLIC. G Republik.

resêda (L), kind of plant, 'reseda': RESEDA.

restaurâre (L) 'to restore, rebuild' (re- + *stâ-): RESTAURANT, RESTORE. G Restaurant, restaurieren.

rête, rêtis (L) 'net' (*erª-2): RéSEAU, RETE, RETIARY, RETICLE, RETICULE, RETIFORM, RETINA.

retrô (L) 'backward, back, behind' (rel. to re-): ARREAR, REAR GUARD, REARWARD, REREDOS, RETRAL, RETRO-.

rêx (L) 'king' (*reg-1): INTERREX, REAL, REGAL, REGIUS_PROFESSOR, REGICIDE, REGULUS, REIGN, REX, ROYAL, VICEREINE, VICEROY.

rigâre (L) 'to wet, water': IRRIGATE.

rîma (L) 'crack, cleft, fissure' (*rei-1): RIMOSE.

ringî (L) 'to gape, open the mouth wide': RICTUS, RINGENT.

rîpa (L) 'riverbank' (*rei-1): ARRIVE, RAVELIN, RIPARIAN, RIVAGE, RIVER, RIVET. G arrivieren, Revier. It ripa, riva. F rive. Sp riba 'slope, embankment.'

rîtus (L) 'rite' (*rî-): RITE. G Ritus, rituell.

rîvus (L) 'stream' (*rei-3): DERIVE, RIVAL, RIVULET.

rôbur, rôbus (L) 'red oak, hardness' (*reudh-1): CORROBORATE, RAMBUNCTIOUS, ROBLE, ROBORANT, ROBUST. G robust.

rôbus, rôbeus (L) 'red' (*reudh-1): ROUGE, RUBEFACIENT, RUBELLA, RUBEOLA, RUBIGINOUS, RUBY. G Rubin.

rôdere (L) 'to gnaw' (*rêd-): CORRODE, ERODE, RODENT.

rogâre (L) 'to ask, propose (a law)' (*reg-1): ABROGATE, ARROGANT, ARROGATE, CORVéE, DEROGATE, INTERROGATE, PREROGATIVE, PROROGUE, ROGATION, ROGATORY, ROGUE, SUBROGATE, SUPEREROGATE. G arrogant.

rôs (L) 'dew': ROSEMARY.

rosa (L) 'rose' (*wrod-): ROSE. G rosa, Rose, Rosenmontag, Rosette.

rôstrum (L) 'beak, ship's bow' (*rêd-): ROSTRUM.

rota (L) 'wheel' (*ret-), whence rotundus 'round, circular': BAROUCHE, CONTROL, PRUNE, RODEO, ROLL, ROTA, ROTARY, ROTATE, ROTE, ROTIFORM, ROTOGRAVURE, ROTUND, ROTUNDA, ROULETTE, ROUND, ROWEL. G Kontrolle, Protze, Rolle, rotieren, Roulade, Rouleau, Roulett, rund.

ruber (L) 'red' (*reudh-1): BILILRUBIN, RUBRIC. G Rubrik.

rubêre (L) 'to be red' (*reudh-1): ERUBESCENCE, RUBESCENT.

rubicundus (L) 'red, ruddy' (*reudh-1): RUBICUND.

rubidus (L) 'red' (*reudh-1): RUBIDIUM.

ructâre (L) 'to belch (*reug-): ERUCT.

rûdus (L) 'broken stone': RUDERAL.

ruere (L) 'to disturb violently, overthrow, rake up' (*reu-2): RABBLE.

rûfus (L) 'reddish' (*reudh-1): RUFESCENT, RUFOUS, RUFUS.

rûga (L) 'wrinkle' (*ruk-2): CORRUGATE, RUGA, RUGOSE.

rûgîre (L) 'to roar' (*reu-1): BRUIT, RIOT, RUT.

rûmen (L) 'throat, gullet': RUMINANT, RUMINATE.

rûmor (L) 'rumor, common talk' (*reu-1): RUMOR.

rumpere (L) 'to break' (*reup-): ABRUPT, BANKRUPT, CORRUPT, DISRUPT, ERUPT, INTERRUPT, IRRUPT, ROUT, ROUTE, ROUTINE, RUPTURE. G abrupt, Bankrott, Eruption, korrupt, Rotte, Route, Routine, Routinier, routiniert.

rûs (L) 'open land, the country' (*reuª-): RURAL, RUSTIC. G rustikal.

rûsca (ML) 'bark of a tree': RUCHE.

rûscus, ruscum (L) 'butcher's broom': BRUSQUE.

russus (L) 'red' (*reudh-1): RISSOLE, ROUX, RUSSET.

rutilus (L) 'glowing red, reddish' (*reudh-1): RUTILANT.

sabelum (ML) 'sable': SABLE.

sabulum (L) 'coarse sand' (*bhes-1): SABULOUS. It sabbia, sabbione. F sable, sableux, sablière. Pg saibro.

sacer (L) 'holy, sacred, dedicated' (*sak-): CONSECRATE, EXECRATE, OBSECRATE, SACRED. G sakral, Sakrament, Sakristei.

sacerdôs (L) 'priest, performer of sacred rites' (sacer + *dhê-1): SACERDOTAL.

saeculum (L) 'generation, age,' in ecclesiastic usage referring to 'this world': SECULAR. It secolo 'century.' F siècle. Sp siglo.

saepês, saepis, sêpes (L) 'hedge': SEPTUM.

saeta, sêta (L) 'bristle': SETA.

sagâx (L) 'of keen perception' (*sâg-): SAGACIOUS.

sâgîre (L) 'to perceive, seek to know' (*sâg-): PRESAGE.

sagitta (L) 'sagitta, arrow': SAGITTA, SAGITAL, SAGITTARIUS, SAGITTATE.

sâl (L) 'salt' (*sal-1), gen. salis: SAL, SALAD, SALAMI, SALARY, SALI-, SALINE, SALMAGUNDI, SALMI, SALT, SALTCELLAR, SALTPETER. G Salami, Salat, Saline, Salmiak, Salpeter, Soße. F sel.

salîre (L) 'to leap' (*sel-4): ASSAIL, DESULTORY, DISSILIENT, EXULT, INSULT, RESILE, RESULT, SALACIOIUS, SALIENT, SALLY, SALTANT, SALTIGRADED, SAUTé, SOMERSAULT. G Resultat, resultieren, Salto.

salîva (L) 'spittle, saliva': SALIVA, SALIVATE.

salix (L) 'willow' (*salik-): SALICIN, SARGASSO.

sallere (L) 'to salt' (*sal-1), pp. salsus: SALSA, SAUCE.

salmô (L) 'salmon': SALMON.

salûs (L) 'health, sound condition' (*sol-): SALUBRIOUS, SALUTARY, SALUTE.

salvus (L) 'whole, safe, uninjured' (*sol-): SAFE, SAGE, SALVAGE, SALVARSAN, SALVO, SAVE. G Salve.

samera, samara (L) 'seed of the elm': SAMARA.

sancîre (L) 'to make sacred, consecrate' (*sak-): CORPOSANT, SACROSANCT, SAINT, SANCTIFY, SANCTION. G Sankt, Sanktion.

sanguis (L) 'blood': SANGRIA, SANGUINARY, SANGUINE, SANGUINEOUS, SANGUINOLENT.

saniês (L) 'corrupted blood, bloody matter, poison': SANIES.

sânus (L) 'healthy': SAINFOIN, SANE, SANITARY.

sapere (L) 'to taste good, (of people) to have taste, be knowledgeable, know, be wise': SAGE, SPAID, SPIENT, SAPOR, SAVANT, SAVOR, SAVVY.

sâpô (L) 'soap' (*seib-): SAPONACEOUS, SAPONATED, SAPONIFY, SAPONIN, SAPONITE, SAPOR.

sarcîre (L) 'to sew again, mend, repair': SARTORIUS.

sarpere (L) 'to prune the vine' (*serp-1): SARMENTOSE.

satis (L) 'enough, sufficient' (*sâ-): ASSAI, ASSETS, SATIATE, SATIETY, SATISFY.

satur (L) 'full of food, sated' (*sâ-): SATIRE, SATURATE. G saturieren.

saturêia (L) 'the herb savory': SAVORY.

Saxô (LL) 'Saxon': SAXON.

saxum (L) 'stone' (*sek-): SAXATILE, SAXICOLOUS, SAXIFRAGE.

scaber (L) 'rough' (*skep-): SCABROUS.

scabere (L) 'to scrape' (*skep-): SCABIES.

scâla, pl. scâlae (L) 'steps, staircase, ladder' (*skand-): ECHELON, ESCALADE, SCALE. G Skala.

scalpere (L) 'to cut, scrape': SCALPEL, SCULPTURE. G Skalpell, Skulptur.

scamnum (L) 'stool, stepladder, footstool, bench': SHAMBLES.

scandere (L) 'to climb' (*skand-): ASCEND, CONDESCEND, DESCEND, SCAN, SCANDENT, SCANSION, SCANSORIAL, SCANTLING, TRANSCEND. G Skandal, transzendent.

Scandinavia (L) 'Island of Scandinavia': SCANDINAVIA.

scandula (L) 'shingle for roofing' (*sked-): SHINGLE.

scapulae (pl. (L) 'shoulder blades' (*skep-): SCAPULA.

scâpus (L) 'stalk': SCAPE.

scarabaeus (L), kind of beetle, 'scarab': SCARAB, SCARABAEID.

scindere (L) 'to split, cut asunder' (*skei-): EXSCIND, PRESCIND, RESCIND, SCISSION. G Abszisse.

scintilla (L) 'spark': SCINTILLA, SINCTILLATE, STENCIL, TINSEL.

scîre (L) 'to know' (*skei-): ADSCITITIOUS, CONSCIENCE, CONSCIOUS, NESCIENT, NICE, OMNISCIENT, PLEBISCITE, PRESCIENT, SCIENCE, SCILICET, SCIOLISM, SCIRE_FACIAS.

scirpus (L) 'rush, bulrush': SCARF, SCRIP.

sclarea (ML), kind of plant, 'clary': CLARY.

scôpae (pl.) (L) 'twigs tied together, broom': SCOPULA.

scrîbere (L) 'to scratch, incise, write' (*skrîbh-): ASCRIBE, CIRCUMSCRIBE, CONSCRIPT, DESCRIBE, INSCRIBE, MANUSCRIPT, POSTSCRIPT, PRESCRIBE, PROSCRIBE, RESCRIPT, SCRIBBLE, SCRIBE, SCRIPT, SCRIPTORIUM, SCRIPTURE, SERIF, SHRIVE, SUBSCRIBE, SUPERSCRIBE, TRANSCRIBE. G Manuskript, schreiben, Schrift, subskrieren.

scrînium (L) 'box, bookcase': SHRINE. G Schrein.

scrobis (L) 'trench, ditch' (*sker-1): SCREW, SCROBICULATE. Cf. G Schraube.

scrôfa (L) 'sow' (*sker-1): SCROFULA.

scrôtum (L) 'scrotum' (*skreu-): SCROTUM.

scrûpus (L) 'rough stone': SCRUPLE, SCRUPULOUS. G Skrupel.

scrûta (L) 'trash, frippery' (*skreu-): SCRUTINY.

scurra (L) 'buffoon': SCURRILOUS. G skurril.

scutra (L) 'platter': SCULLERY, SCUTTLE.

scûtum (L) 'shield' (*skei-): éCU, ESCUDO, ESCUTCHEON, ESQUIRE, SCUDO, SCUTUM, SQUIRE.

secâre (L) 'to cut' (*sek-): DISSECT, EXSECT, INSECT, INTERSECT, NOTCH, RESECT, RISK, SECANT, -SECT, SECTILE, SECTION, SECTOR, SEGMENT, TRANSECT. G Insekt, Risiko, riskieren, Segment, Sektor, sezieren.

sêcula (L) 'sickle' (*sek-): SICKLE. Cf. G Sichel.

secundus (L) 'following, coming next, second' (*sekw-1): SECOND, SECONDO, SECUND, SECUNDINES. G Sekunda, sekundär, Sekunde, sekundieren.

secus (L) 'along, alongside of' (*sekw-1): EXTRINSIC, INTRINSIC.

sêd, sê (L) 'self, oneself' (*swe-): FELO_DE_SE, PER_SE.

sed, se, so- (L) 'without, apart' (*swe-): SECEDE, SECERN, SECLUDE, SECRET, SECURE, SEDITION, SEDUCE, SEDULOUS, SEGREGATE, SELECT, SEPARATE, SURE. G assekurieren, separate, Séparée, sicher.

sêdâre (L) 'to settle, calm down' (*sed-1): SEDATE.

sedêre (L) 'to sit' (*sed-1): ASSESS, ASSIDUOLUS, DISSIDENT, HOSTAGE, INSESSORIAL, OBSESS, POSSESS, PRESIDE, RESIDE, SéANCE, SEDENTARY, SEDILIA, SEDIMENT, SESSILE, SESSION, SEWER, SIEGE, SUBSIDE, SUBSIDY, SUPERSEDE. G Assessor, präsidieren.

sêdês (L) 'seat, residence' (*sed-1): SEE.

selâgô (L), plant resembling the savin: SELAGINELLA.

sella (L) 'saddle' (*sed-1): SEDAN.

sêmen (L) 'seed,' der. of serere (*sê-1): DISSEMINATE, SEME, SEMEN, SEMINARY, SEMINATION. G Seminar.

sêmi- (L) 'half' (*sêmi-): SEMI-. G semi-.

sêmis (L) 'half' (*sêmi-): SESQUI-, SESTERCE.

semita (L) 'path': AZIMUTH.

semper (L) 'always, ever' (*sem-1 + per): SEMPITERNAL, SEMPRE.

senex (L) 'old, an elder' (*sen-1): SEIGNIOR, SENATE, SENECTITUDE, SENESCENT, SENILE, SENIOR, SENOPIA, SIR, SIRE, SURLY. G Senat, Senator, senil, Senior.

sentîre (L) 'to feel': ASSENT, CONSENT, DISSENT, PRESENTIMENT, RESENT, SCENT, SENSE, SENTENCE, SENTIENT, SENTIMENT, SENTINEL. G Ressentiment, Sensation, sensibel, Sentenz, sentimental.

septem (L) 'seven' (*septm): SEPTEMBER, SEPTENARY, SEPTENNIAL, SEPTET, SEPTI-, SEPTUAGINT, SEPTENTRION, SEPTUPLE. G September.

sequester (L) 'follower, mediator, depositary' (*sekw-1): SEQUESTER, SEQUESTRUM.

sequî (L) 'to follow' (*sekw-1): CONSEQUENT, ENSUE, EXECUTE, OBSEQUIOUS, PERSECUTE, PROSECUTE, PURSUE, SECT, SEGUIDILLA, SEQUACIOUS, SEQUEL, SEQUENCE, SUBSEQUENT, SUE, SUITOR. G Exekution, Exekutive, konsequent, Sekte.

sera (L) 'lock, bolt, bar': SEAR, SERRIED.

serênus (L) 'dry, (of the sky, weather) serene, bright, clear': SERENE, SERENADE. G Serenade.

serere (L) 'to arrange, attach, join, discuss' (*ser-3): ASSERT, DESERT, DISSERTATE, DISSERTATION, EXERT, INSERT, SERIES, SERTULARIAN. G Deserteur, desertieren, Dissertation, Inserat, inserieren, Konsorten, Konsortium, Serie.

serere (L) 'to sow' (*sê-1): INSERT, SEASON. G Saisson.

sêrius (L) 'serious, grave': SERIOUS. G seriös.

sermô (L) 'speech, discourse' (*ser-3): SERMON.

serra (L) 'saw': SERRATE, SERRULATE, SIERRA.

serum (L) 'whey' (*ser-2): SERAC, SERUM.

sêrus (L) 'late' (*sê-2): SERONTINOUS, SOIREE.

servâre (L) 'to keep, preserve, keep one's eyes upon, stay in (e.g. a room)': -CONSERVE, OBSERVE, PRESERVE, RESERVE, RESERVOIR. G Konservatorium, konservieren, Observatorium, reservieren.

servus (L) 'slave': CONCIERGE, DESERVE, DESSERT, SERF, SERGEANT, SERVE, SERVICE, SERVILE, SERVITUDE, SIRVENTE. G Dessert, Service, servieren, Serviette.

sevêrus (L) 'grave, serious': ASSEVERATE, PERSEVERE, SEVERE.

sex (L) 'six' (*sweks): SEICENTO, SEMESTER, SENARY, SESTET, SESTINA, SEX-, SESTET, SESTINA, SEXT, SEXTAN, SEXTANT, SEXTILE, SEXTODECIMO.

sexus (L) 'sex': SEX.

sî (L) 'if' (*swo-): NISI, QUASI. G quasi.

sîbilus (L) 'whistle, whistling,' sîbilâre 'to whistle': CHUFA, PERSIFLAGE, SIBILATE.

sîc (L) 'thus, so, in that manner' (*so-): SIC.

siccus (L) 'dry': DESICCATE, EXSICCATE, SACK, SECCO, SICCATIVE.

sîdere (L) 'to sit down, settle' (*sed-1): POSSESS, SUBSIDE. G possessif.

sîdus (L) 'constellation, star' (*sweid-1): SIDEREAL.

signum (L) 'identifying mark, sign' (*sekw-1): ASSIGN, CONSIGN, DESIGNATE, INSIGNIA, RESIGN, SCARLET, SEAL, SEGNO, SIGN. G Dessin, Insignien, resignieren, Siegel, Signal, Signatur, Signum.

silêre (L) 'to be silent': SILENT.

silex (L) 'hard stone, flint': SILICA, SILICEOUS, SILICI-, SILICON, SILICONE, SILIFEROUS, SIMA.

siliqua (L) 'pod': SILIQUE.

silva, sylva (L) 'forest, wood': SYLVAN.

simila (L) 'fine flour': SEMOLINA.

similis (L) 'of the same kind, like' (*sem-1): ASSIMILATE, FACSIMILE, RESEMBLE, SIMILAR, SIMULATE. G Amtsschimmel, assimilieren, Faksimile, simulieren.

simplex (L) 'simple' (*sem-1 + *plek-): SEMPLICE, SIMPLEX, SIMPLICITY.

simplus (L) 'simple,' (*sem-1 + *pel-3): SIMPLE. G simpel.

simul (L) 'at the same time' (*sem-1): ASSEMBLE, ENSEMBLE, SIMULTANEOUS. G Ensemble.

sincêrus (L) 'pure, clean' (*sem-1 + *ker-3): SINCERE.

sine (L) 'without' (*sen-2): SANS, SANSCULOTTE, SANSERIF, SINECURE.

singulus (L) 'alone, single' (*sem-1): SINGLE, SINGULAR. G singulär, Singular.

siniscalcus (ML) 'seneschal' (< Gmc < *sen-1 + Gmc *skalkaz): SENESCHAL.

sinister (L) 'left, on the left': SINISTER, SINISTRAL, SINISTRORSE.

sinus (L) 'bend, curve, fold, hollow': SINUS.

sistere (L) 'to set, place, stop, stand' (*stâ): ASSIST, CONSIST, DESIST, EXIST, INSIST, INTERSTICE, PERSIST, RESIST, SUBSIST. G assistieren, existieren.

situal (L) 'bucket': SEIDEL.

situs (L) 'location' (prob. *tkei-): SITE, SITUATE, SITUATION. G Situation, situiert.

sôbrînus (L) 'maternal cousin' (*swesor-): COUSIN. G Cousin.

sôbrius (L) 'not drunk, sober' (sed + *êgwh-): SOBER.

socius (L) 'ally, companion' (*sekw-1): ASSOCIATE, CONSOCIATE, DISSOCIATE, SOCIABLE, SOCIAL, SOCIETY, SOCIO-. G assoziieren, sozial, Sozius.

sodâlis (L) 'companion' (*swe-): SODALITY.

sôlârî (L) 'to comfort, console' (*sel-2): CONSOLE, SOLACE.

solidus (L) 'solid' (*sol-): CONSOLIDATE, SOLID, SOLIDARITY, SOLDER, SOLDIER. G konsolidieren, Saldo, Sold, Soldat, Söldner, solidarisch, solide.

solium (L) 'throne, seat' (*sed-1): SOIL. The English sense 'soil' is due to confusion with OF derivatives of L solum.

sollemnis (L) 'celebrated at fixed dates, established, religious, solemn' (*sol-): SOLEMN.

sollus (L) 'whole, entire, unbroken' (*sol-): SOLICITOUS.

solum (L) 'bottom, foundation,' hence 'bottom or sole of the foot' (*sel-1): ENTRESOL, SOLE, SOLUM. G Sohle. It suolo. F sol, seuil.

sôlus (L) 'by oneself, alone': DESOLATE, SOLE, SOLIFIDIAN, SOLILOQUY, SOLIPSISM, SOLITARY, SOLITUDE, SOLO, SULLEN.

solvere (L) 'to loosen, untie' (*leu-1): ABSOLUTE, ABSOLVE, ABSOLUTION, ASSOIL, DISSOLVE, RESOLVE, SOLUBLE, SOLUTE, SOLVE. G absolut, Absolution, Absolutismus, absolvieren. It asciogliere, asciolvere. F absolu, absolution, absoudre. Sp absolver. Pg absolver.

somnus (L) 'sleep' (*swep-1): INSOMIA, SOMNI-, SOMNOLENT.

sonâre (L) 'to sound' (*swen-): ASSONANCE, CONSONANT, DISSONANT, RESOUND, SONANT, SONATA, SONOROUS. G Dissonanz, Konsonant, Resonanz, Sonate, Sonatina, sonor.

sonus (L) 'sound' (*swen-): SONE, SONIC, SONNET, SOUND, UNISON. G Sonett.

sopor (L) 'force which brings on sleep, act of going to sleep, sleep' (*swep-1): SOPOR, SOPORIFIC.

sorbêre (L) 'to suck, swallow' (*srebh-): ABSORB, ADSORB, RESORB. G absorbieren. F absorber.

sorbus (L) 'service tree': SERVICE_TREE.

sordês (L) 'dirt, filth,' sordêre 'to be dirty' (*swordo-): SORDID.

soror (L) 'sister' (*swesor-): SORORAL, SORORITY.

sors (L) 'lot, fortune' (*ser-3): ASSORT, CONSORT, SORCERER, SORT, SORTILEGE. G Sorte, sortieren, Sortiment.

spargere (L) 'to strew, scatter' (*spreg-): ASPERSE, DISPERSE, INTERSPERSE, SPARGE, SPARSE, SPURRY.

spatium (L) 'space, distance': SPACE, SPATIAL.

specere (L) 'to look at' (*spek-): ASPECT, AUSPICE, CIRCUMSPECT, CONSPICUOUS, DESPICABLE, DESPISE, EXPECT, FRONTISPIECE, INSPECT, INTROSPECT, PERSPECTIVE, PROSPECT, RESPECT, RESPITE, RETROSPECT, SPECIMEN, SPECIOUS, SPECTACLE, SPECTRUM, SPECULATE, SPECULUM, SUSPECT. G Aspekt, Inspektion, inspizieren, Perspektive, Prospekt, Respekt, Spektakel, spekulieren, Spiegel.

speciês (L) 'a seeing, sight, form' (*spek-): ESPECIAL, SPECIES. G spezial.

spelta (LL) 'spelt' (< Gmc < *spel-1): SPELT.

spês (L) 'hope' (*spê-1): DESPAIR, ESPERANCE.

-spex (L) 'he who sees' (*spek-): HARUSPEX.

spîca (L) 'point, ear of grain' (*spei-): SPICA, SPICULUM, SPIKE. G Speicher.

spîna (L) 'thorn, prickle, spine' (*spei-): PORCUPINE, SPINE, SPINEL, SPINNEY. G spinal.

spinachium (ML) 'spinach': SPINACH. It spinaci. F épinard. G Spinat.

spirare (L) 'to breathe': ASPIRATE, CESSPOOL, CONSPIRE, EXPIRE, INSPIRE, PERSPIRE, RESPIRE, SPIRIT, SPIRACLE, SUSPIRE, TRANSPIRE. G Aspirant, Esprit, Inspiration, Spiritismus, Spirituosen, Spiritus, Sprit.

spissus (L) 'thick': INSPISSATE.

splendêre (L) 'to shine': RESPLENDENT, SPLENDID.

spolium (L) 'hide torn from an animal, armor stripped from an enemy, booty': DESPOIL, SPOIL.

spondêre (L) 'to make a solemn promise, pledge' (*spend-): DESPOND, ESPOUSE, RESPOND, SPONSOR, SPOUSE.

sponte (L), ablative 'of one's own accord, spontaneously': SPONTANEOUS. G spontan.

spuere (L) 'to spit' (*spyeu-): CUSPIDOR, SPUTUM.

spûma (L) 'foam' (*spoi-mo-): SPUME.

spurius (L) 'illegitimate': SPURIOUS.

squalus (L), kind of sea fish (*skwal-o-): SQUALENE, SQUALOID.

squâma (L) 'scale': SQUAMA, SQUAMOSAL, SQUAMOUS, SQUAMULOSE.

squilla (L) 'shrimp, prawn': SQUILLA.

stabilis (L) 'standing firm' (*stâ-): ESTABLISH, STABLE. G etablieren, stabil.

stabulum (L) 'standing place' (*stâ-): STABLE.

stagnum (L) 'pond, swamp' (*stag-): STAGNANT.

stagnum, stannum (L) 'an alloy of silver and lead, tin, pewter': STANNARY, STANNIC, STANNITE, STANNOUS, TAIN.

stallum (ML) 'stall' (< Gmc < *stel-): INSTALL. G installieren.

stâmen (L) 'thread of the warp' (*stâ-): STAMEN, STAMMEL.

stâre (L) 'to stand' (*stâ-): ARREST, CIRCUMSTANCE, CONSTANT, CONSTITUTE, CONTRAST, COST, DESTITUTE, DISTANT, ESTANCIA, EXTANT, INSTANT, INSTITUE, OBSTACLE, OBSTETRIC, OUST, PROSTITUTE, REST, RESTITUTE, RESTIVE, STAGE, STANCE, STANCH, STANCHION, STANZA, STAPES, STATOR, STATUE, STATURE, STATUTE, STAY, STET, SUBSTANCE, SUBSTITUTE, SUPERSTITION. G Arrest, Distanz, Instanz, konstant, konstatieren, Kost, kosten, Kosten, prostituieren, Rest, Statist, Stativ, Statue, Statur, Statut.

statiô (L) 'a standing still' (*stâ-): STATION. G Station.

status (L) 'manner, position, condition, attitude' (*stâ-): STATE, STATISTICS, STATUS. G Etage, Etat, Staat, stattlich.

stella (L) 'star' (*ster-3): CONSTELLATION, ESTELLE, STELLA, STELLAR, STELLATE.

stercus (L) 'dung' (*sker-4): STERCORACEOUS.

sterilis (L) 'unfruitful': STERILE. G steril.

sternere (L) 'to stretch, extend' (*ster-2): CONSTERNATE, STRATUS, STREET, SUBSTRATUM. G Straße.

sternuere (L) 'to sneeze' (*pster-): STERNUTATION.

stertere (L) 'to snore' (*pster-): STERTOR.

-stigâre (L) 'to spur on, prod,' in compounds such as instîgâre (L) 'to incite, urge' (*steig-): INSTIGATE.

stîlla (L) 'drop': DISTILL, DISTILLATE, DISTILLERY, INSTILL. G destillieren.

stilus (L) 'writing instrument, style': STYLE. G Stiel, Stil.

stimulus (L) 'goad, spur': STIMULATE, STIMULUS.

stinguere (L) 'to quench' (*steig-): DISTINGUISH, EXTINGUISH, INSTINCT. G instinktiv.

stîpâre (L) 'to compress, stiff, pack' (*steip-): CONSTIPATE, STEEVE, STEVEDORE.

stîpes (L) 'post, tree trunk' (*steip-): STIPE, STIPES.

stipula (L) 'stalk, stem': STIPULE.

stipula (L) 'straw' (*steip-): STUBBLE. G Stoppel.

stipulâri (L) 'to bargain, demand': STIPULATE.

stirps (L) 'stem, root, lineage': EXTIRPATE, STIRPS, STRAPPADO.

-stitium (L) 'a stoppage' (*stâ-): ARMISTICE, SOLSTICE.

stolidus (L) 'stupid' (*stel-): STOLID.

stolô (L) 'branch, shoot' (*stel-): STOLON.

strepere (L) 'to make noise': OBSTREPEROUS.

stringere (L) 'to draw tight, press together' (*streig-): ASTRINGE, CONSTRAIN, DISTRICT, DISTRAIN, PRESTIGE, RESTRICT, STRAIN, STRAIT, STRICT, STRIGIL, STRINGENDO, STRINGENT. G Distrikt, Striegel.

struere (L) 'to pile up, construct' (*ster-2): CONSTRUCT, DESTROY, INSTRUCT, INSTRUMENT, OBSTRUCT, STRUCTURE, SUBSTRUCTION. G instruieren, Instruktion, instruktiv, Instrument, konstruieren, rekonstruieren, Struktur.

strûma (L) 'tumor': STRUMA.

studêre (L) 'to be diligent' (*steu-): ETUI, STUDENT, STUDY. G Etui, studieren. F étui.

stultus (L) 'foolish' (*stel-): STULTIFY.

stupêre (L) 'to be stunned' (*steu-): STUPEFY, STUPENDOUS, STUPID. G stupid.

suâdêre (L) 'to advise, urge' (*swâd-): ASSUASIVE, DISSUADE, PERSUADE, SUASION.

suâvis (L) 'delightful' (*swâd-): ASSUAGE, SOAVE, SUAVE.

sub (L) 'under' (*upo): SOUTANE, SUB-. G sub-.

subter (L) 'secretly' (*upo): SUBTERFUGE.

subtîlis (L) 'thin, fine, precise, subtle' (sub + *teks-): SUBTLE. G subtil.

sûbula (L) 'awl' (*syû-): SUBULATE.

sûcinum, succinum (L) 'amber': SUCCINICACID.

sûdâre (L) 'to sweat' (*sweid-2): EXUDE, SUDATORIUM, SUINT, TRANSUDE.

sûdor (L) 'sweat' (*sweid-2): SUDORIFEROUS, SUDORIFIC.

suere (L) 'to sew' (*syû-): ACCOUTER, ACCOUTERMENT, COUTURE, SUTURE. It costura, cucire. F accoutrer, coudre, couseuse, cousette, couture, découdre, décousure, recoudre. Sp coser, costura.

suêscere (L) 'to get accustomed' (*swe-): ACCUSTOM, CONSUETUDE, CUSTOM, DESUETUDE, MANSUETUDE, MASTIFF. F accoutumer.

suffrâgârî (L) 'to vote for' (*bhreg-): SUFFRAGAN, SUFFRAGE.

sulcus (L) 'furrow, groove': SULCATE, SULCUS.

sulpur, sulfur, sulphur (L) 'sulfur': SULFUR.

sûmere (L) 'to take (upon oneself), undertake, assume, spend' (sub + *em-): ASSUME, CONSUME, PRESUME, RESUME, SUBSUME, SUMPTUARY, SUMPTUOUS. G konsumieren, resümieren.

summus (L) 'highest, topmost' (*uper): SUM, SUMMIT.

super (L) 'above, over' (*uper): SOUBRETTE, SOVEREIGN, SUPER-, SUPERABLE, SUPERIOR, SUPREME, SIRLOIN, SUR-. G Sopran, souverän, super-.

superbus (L) 'superior, excellent, arrogant' (*uper + *bheuª-): SUBERB.

supernus (L) 'above, upper, top' (*uper): SUPERNAL.

supînus (L) 'lying on the back': SUPINE.

supplex (L) 'with legs folded under one'(*upo + -plex): SUPPLE.

suprâ (L) 'above, beyond' (*uper): SOMERSAULT, SOPRANO, SUPRA-. G Sopran.

sûra (L) 'calf of the leg': SURAL.

surculus (L) 'shoot, sprout, shrubby tree,' dim. of surus 'stake, peg': SURCULOSE.

surdus (L) 'deaf, mute': SORDINO, SOURDINE, SURD.

sûs (L) 'pig' (*sû-): SOIL.

susurrus (L) 'whisper, murmur' (*swer-2): SUSURRATION.

tabânus (L) 'horsefly': TANANID.

taberna (L) 'hut, inn': TABERNACLE, TAVERN.

tâbês (L) 'melting, wasting away, putrefaction,' rel. to tâbêre 'to melt, waste away, rot' (*tâ-): TABES.

tabula (L) 'board, list': TABLATURE, TABLE, TABLEAU, TABLET, TABULATE, TAFFRAIL. G Tabelle, Tablett, Tablette, Tafel.

tacêre (L) 'to be silent': RETICENT, TACET, TACIT.

taedêre (L) 'to bore, weary': TEDIOUS, TEDIUM.

tâlea (L) 'twig, cutting': DETAIL, TAIL, TAILLE, TAILOR, TALLAGE, TALLY. G Detail, Taille, Teller.

tâliô (L) 'reciprocal punishment in kind, something paid out' (*telª-): RETALIATE, TALION.

tâlis (L) 'such' (*to-): TALES.

talpa (L) 'mole': TAUPE.

tâlus (L) 'ankle': TALON, TALUS, TASSEL.

talûtium, talûtatium (L) 'end of a slope': TALUS.

tam (L) 'so, so much' (*to-): TANDEM, TANTAMOUNT, TAUNT.

tamarîx (L), kind of shrub or small tree, 'tamarisk': TAMARISK.

tangere (L) 'to touch', whence taxâre 'to touch, assess' and tactus 'touch' (*tag-): ATTAIN, CONTACT, CONTIGUOUS, CONTINGENT, INTACT, TACT, TACTORECEPTOR, TANGENT, TANGIBLE, TANGORECEPTOR, TASTE, TAX. G intakt, Kontakt, Kontingent, Takt, Tangente.

tannum (ML) 'oak bark': TAN, TANNIN, TAWNY.

tarantara (L), word used by Ennius to imitate the sound of the trumpet: TANTARA.

tardus (L) 'slow': TARDY.

tarmes (L) 'wood-eating worm': TERMITE.

taurus (L) 'bull': BITTERN, TAURINE, TAURO-, TAURUS, TOREADOR, TORERO.

tegere (L) 'to cover' (*steg-2): DETECT, DETECTIVE, INTEGUMENT, OBTECT, PROTECT, TECTRIX, TEGMEN, TEGULAR, TEGUMENT, TILE, TOGA, TUILLE. G protegieren, Protegé, Ziegel.

têla (L) 'web, net, warp of a fabric, weaver's beam' (*teks-): TELA, TILLER, TOIL.

tellûs (L) 'earth, the earth' (*tel-): TELLURIAN, TELLURIC, TELLURION, TELLURIUM.

temere (L) 'blindly, rashly' (*temª-): TEMERARIOUS, TEMERITY.

têmêtum (L) 'liquor, mead, wine': ABSTEMIOUS. G dämlich.

temnere (L) 'to despise': CONTEMN, CONTEMPT.

temperâre (L) 'to mingle, restrain oneself' (perh. orig. 'combine in due proportion' and rel. to tempus 'time, due season'): TEMPER, TEMPERA, TEMPERAMENT, TEMPERANCE, TEMPERATE, TEMPERATURE. G Temperament, Temperatur.

templum (L) 'square area of sky or earth for augural observations, sacred place, crossbeam (perhaps by analogy with the transverse lines traced by the augur)' (*tem-): CONTEMPLATE, TEMPLAR, TEMPLE, TEMPLET. G Kontemplation, Tempel.

temptâre (L) 'to try, test, tempt': ATTEMPT, TEMPT, TENTACLE. G Attentat, Tentakel.

tempus (L) 'temple (of the head)': TEMPLE.

tempus (L) 'time': CONTEMPORARY, TEMPO, TEMPORAL, TEMPORARY, TEMPORIZE.

tendere (L) 'to stretch, extend' (*ten-): ATTEND, CONTEND, DETENT, DISTEND, EXTEND, INTEND, INTENSE, INTENTION, OSTENSIBLE, PRETEND, SUBTEND, TEND, TENDENCY, TENDER, TENDON, TENSE, TENT, TENTER. G extensiv, Intendant, intendieren, Intensität, intensiv, Intention, ostentativ, Tendenz, tendieren.

tenebrae (L), pl. 'darkness' (*temª-): TENEBRAE.

tener (L) 'tender, delicate' (*ten-): TENDER, TENDRIL.

tenêre (L) 'to hold keep, maintain' (*ten-): ABSTAIN, CONTAIN, CONTINENCE, CONTINENT, CONTINUE, DETAIN, ENTERTAIN, LIEUTENANT, MAINTAIN, OBTAIN, PERTAIN, PERTINACIOUS, PERTINENT, RETAIN, SUSTAIN, TENABLE, TENACIOUS, TENACULUM, TENANT, TENEMENT, TENET, TENNIS, TENON, TENOR, TENURE, TENUTO. G Abstinenz, impertinent, Kontinent, kontinuierlich, Leutnant, pertinent, Tenor. F abstenir.

tenuis (L) 'thin, rare, fine' (*ten-): ATTENUATE, EXTENUATE, TENUOUS.

tepêre (L) 'to be warm': TEPID.

ter (L) 'thrice' (*trei-): TER-, TERN.

terere (L) 'to rub away, thresh, tread, wear out' (*terª-1): ATTRITION, CONTRITE, DETRIMENT, TRITE, TRITURATE.

teres (L) 'rounded, smooth' (*terª-1): TERETE.

tergêre (L) 'to wipe': ABSTERGE, DETERGE, DETERGENT. It astergere. F absterger.

tergum (L) 'the back': TERGUM.

terminus (L) 'boundary, limit' (*ter-): DETERMINE, EXTERMINATE, TERM, TERMINAL, TERMINATE, TERMINUS. G determinieren, exterminieren, Termin, Terminal, Terminus.

terra (L) 'earth' (*ters-): FUMITORY, INTER, MEDITERRANEAN, PARTERRE, SUBTERRANEAN, TERRACE, TERRAIN, TERRAQUEOUS, TERRENE, TERREPLEIN, TERRESTRIAL, TERREVERT, TERRICOLOUS, TERRIER, TERRIGENOUS, TERRITORY, TUREEN, VERDITER. G Souterrain, Terrain, Terrasse, Terrier, Terrine, Territorium. It terra. F terre. Sp tierra.

terrêre (L) 'to cause to tremble, terrify': DETER, TERRIBLE, TERRIFIC, TERROR. G Terror.

tertius (L) 'a third' (*trei-): SESTERCE, TERCEL, TERCET, TERTIAN, TERTIARY, TIERCE.

tessera (L) 'cube, playing die': TASSEL.

testa (L) 'clay, brick tile, shell': TEST, TESTA, TESTACEOUS, TESTER, TESTON, TESTUDINATE, TESTUDO, TESTY.

testis (L) 'witness' (*trei- + *stâ-): ATTEST, CONTEST, DETEST, OBTEST, PROTEST, TESTAMENT, TESTIFY, TESTIMONY, TESTIS. G Attest, Protestant, protestieren, Testament.

testis (L) 'witness' (*trei- + *stâ-, orig. 'third person standing by'): ATTEST, CONTEST, DETEST, OBTEST, PROTEST, TESTAMENT, TESTIFY, TESTIMONY, TESTIS. G Attest, protestieren, Protest, Protestant, Testament.

Teutônî (L), pl. 'Teutons' (< Celtic < *teutâ-): TEUTON.

texere (L) 'to weave, fabricate' (*teks-): CONTEXT, PRETEXT, TEXT, TEXTILE, TEXTUAL, TISSUE. G Kontext, Text, textil.

theodelitus (ML) 'surveying instrument, theodolite' (perhaps after its probable inventor Tomas Digges): THEODOLITE.

tîbia (L) 'shinbone, pipe': TIBIA.

timêre (L) 'to fear': TIMID, TIMOROUS.

tinca (LL), kind of fish, prob. the tench: TENCH.

tinea (L) 'a gnawing worm, moth': TINEA.

tingere (L) 'to moisten, soak, dye' (*teng-)teng-): INTINCTION, STAIN, TAINT, TINGE, TINT. G Teint, Tinte, Tinktur.

tinnîre (L) 'to ring, tinkle': TINITUS.

tîrô (L) 'young soldier, recruit': TYRO.

titillâre (L) 'to tickle, titillate' (*tit-): TITILLATE.

tîtiô (L) 'firebrand': ENTICE.

titubâre (L) 'to reel, stagger': TITUBATION.

titulus (L) 'placard, label, superscription, title': TITLE. G Titel.

tôfus, tôphus (L) 'spongy rock, tufa': TOPHUS, TUFA, TUFF.

toga (L) 'toga' (*steg-2): TOGA. G Toga.

tolerâre (L) 'to bear, endure' (*telª-): TOLERATE. G tolerieren.

tôles (L) 'goiter': TONSIL.

tollere (L) 'to lift' (*telª-): EXTOL.

tômentum (L) 'cushion stuffing': TOMENTUM.

tonâre (L) 'to thunder' (*stenª-)stenª-): ASTONISH, DETONATE, STUN, TORNADO. G detonieren.

tondêre (L) 'to trim, shear, shave' (*tem-): TONSURE. G Tonsur.

tormentilla (ML), kind of herb, 'tormentil': TORMENTIL.

torpêre (L) 'to be stiff' (*ster-1): TORPEDO. G Torpedo.

torquêre (L) 'to twist' (*terkw-): CONTORT, DISTORT, EXTORT, NASTURTIUM, RETORT, TART, TORCH, TORMENT, TORQUE, TORSADE, TORT, TORTICOLLIS, TORTUOUS, TORTURE, TRUSS, TURTLE. G Tortur, Retorte.

torrêre (L) 'to dry, parch, burn' (*ters-): TOAST, TORRENT, TORRID.

tôrta (LL), kind of bread: TORTE. G Torte.

torus (L) 'protruberance, round swelling': TORUS.

tôtus (L) 'all, whole': FACTOTUM, TEETOTUM, TOTAL, TUTTI. G total.

trabs (L) 'beam, timber' (*treb-): ARCHITRAVE, TRABEATED, TRABECULA, TRAVE.

trahere (L) 'to pull, draw': ABSTRACT, ATTRACT, CONTRACT, DETRACT, DISTRACT, EXTRACT, PROTRAY, PROTACT, RETRACT, SUBTRACT, TRACT, TRACTABLE, TRACTION, TRAIL, TRAIN, TRAIT, TRAWL, TREAT. G abstrahieren, abstrakt, Attraktion, attraktiv, betrachten, Extrakt, kontrahieren, Porträt, subtrahieren, trachten, trainieren. It astratto.

trâma (L) 'woof': TRAM.

tranquillus (L) 'tranquil': TRANQUIL.

trâns (L) 'across, over, beyond, through' (*terª-2): TRANS-, TRANSOM, TRESTLE.

trappa (ML) 'trap': CALTROP.

tremere (L) 'to shake, tremble': TREMENDOUS, TREMOR, TREMULOUS.

trepidus (L) 'agitated, alarmed': INTREPID, TREPID.

três (L) 'three' (*trei-): TRAMMEL, TRECENTO, TREPHINE, TREY, TRIO, TRIUMVIR, TROCAR.

tri- (L) 'three' (*trei-): TRI-.

trîbulum (L) 'threshing sledge' (*terª-1): TRIBULATION.

tribus (L) 'division of the Roman people': ATTRIBUTE, TRIBE, TRIBUNE, TRIBUTE. G Attribut, Tribunal, Tribüne, Tribut.

trîcae (L), pl. 'perplexities, tricks, trifles': EXTRICATE, INTRICACIES, INTRICATE, TRICK.

trichila (L) 'bower, arbor': TREILLAGE.

triforium (ML), kind of gallery (in Canterbury Cathedral): TRIFORIUM.

trînî (L) 'three each' (*trei-): TRINE, TRINITY.

triô (L) 'plow ox' (prob. *terª-1): SEPTENTRION.

triplex (L) 'triple' (*trei- + *plek-): TRIPLEX.

troppus (ML) 'herd of mares': TROOP. G Trupp, Truppe.

trua (L) 'stirring spoon, ladle': TROWEL.

tructa (LL) 'trout': TROUT.

trûdere (L) 'to thrust, push' (*treud-): ABSTRUSE, EXTRUDE, INTRUDE, OBTRUDE, PROTRUDE. G abstrus. F abstrus.

truncus (L) 'deprived of branches or limbs, mutilated, trunk' (*terª-2): TRENCH, TRUNCATE, TRUNK.

trux (L) 'savage, fierce, grim' (*terª-2): TRUCULENT.

tuba (L) 'trumpet' (rel. to tubus): TUBA.

tûber (L) 'lump, swelling' (*teuª-): PROTUBERATE, TRUFFLE, TUBER.

tubus (L) 'pipe, tube' (rel. to tuba): TUBE, TUBULATE, TUBULE.

tudes (L) 'hammer' (*steu-): TOIL.

tuêrî (L) 'to look at, watch, protect' (*teu-): INTUITION, TUITION, TUTOR. G Intuition, intuitiv.

tumêre (L) 'to swell, be swollen, be proud' (*teuª-): CONTUMACY, CONTUMELY, DETUMESCENCE, INTUMESCE, TUMEFACIENT, TUMEFY, TUMESCENT, TUMID, TUMOR. G Tumor.

tumulus (L) 'raised heap of earth, mound' (*teuª-): TUMULUS.

tundere (L) 'to beat' (*steu-): CONTUSE, OBTUND, PIERCE, REFUSE.

tunna (ML) 'wooden vessel, tun': TUN, TUNNEL. G Tonne.

turdus (L) 'thrush' (*trozdo-): STURDY.

turiô (L) 'shoot, sprout, tendril': TURION.

turpis (L) 'ugly, vile': TURPITUDE.

turtur (L) 'turtledove': TURTLE.

tussis (L) 'cough' (*steu-): TUSSIS.

ûber (L) 'breast,' as adjective 'fertile' (*euªdh-): EXUBERANT, EXUBERATE.

ubî (L) 'where' (*kwo-): UBIETY, UBIQUITY.

ulcus (L) 'sore': ULCER.

ûllus (L) 'any,' der. of ûnus (*oi-no-): ANUL, NULL, NULLIFY. G annullieren, null.

ulna (L) 'forearm' (*el-1): ULNA.

ultrâ (L) 'beyond,' replacing uls (*al-1): OUTRAGE, OUTRé, OUTRECUIDANCE, PENULT, ULTERIOR, ULTIMATE, ULTIMATUM, ULTRA-, ULTRONEOUS, UTTERANCE. G ultimativ, Ultimatum, Ultimo, ultra-. It oltraggio, oltre. F outrage, outre, ultérieur, ultimatum, ultime, ultra-. Sp ultraja. Pg ultrage.

ululâre (L) 'to howl' (rel. to ulula 'owl'): ULULATE.

umbilîcus (L) 'navel' (*nobh-): NOMBRIL, UMBILICUS.

umbô (L) 'protruberance, boss of a shield' (*nobh-): UMBO.

umbra (L) 'shadow, shade': ADUMBRAL, ADUMBRATE, SOMBER, UMBRA, UMBEL, UMBRELLA.

uncus (L) 'hook': UNCINUS, UNCUS.

unda (L) 'wave' (*wed-1): ABOUND, ABUNDANCE, INUNDATE, REDOUND, REDUNDANT, SURROUND, UNDINE, UNDULATE. G ondulierin. It abbondare. F abondance, abonder. Sp abondar. Pg abundar.

unde (L) 'whence': ALIUNDE.

unguere (L) 'to smear, anoint, perfume': ANOINT, INUNCTION, OINTMENT, PREEN, UNCTION, UNCTUOUS, UNGUENT.

unguis (L) 'nail, claw, hoof' (*nogh-): UNGUIS.

ûnicus (L) 'sole, single,' der. of ûnus (*oi-no-): UNIQUE. G Unikum.

ûnus (L) 'one' (*oi-no-): COADUNATE, INCH, ONION, OUNCE, QUINCUNX, TRIUNE, UNANIMOUS, UNCIAL, UNI-, UNICORN, UNIFORM, UNION, UNITE, UNITY, UNIVERSE. G uni, Uniform, Union, universal, Universität, Universum.

upuupa (L), kind of bird, 'hoopoe': HOOPOE.

urbs (L) 'city': URBAN, URBANE.

ûrere (L) 'to burn' (*eus-): ADUST, BUST, COMBUST, UREDO.

urgêre (L) 'to urge, drive' (*wreg-): URGE.

ûrîna (L) 'urine': URINE. G Urin.

ursus (L) 'bear' (*rtko-): URSINE.

urtîca (L) 'nettle': URTICANT, URTICARIA, URTICATE, URTICATION.

ûstulâre (L) 'to burn slightly, scorch, singe' (rel. to ûrere 'to burn'): BROIL.

ûsûrpâre (L) 'to take into use, usurp' (ûsus, der. of ûtî + *reup-): USURP.

ut (L) 'that' (*kwo-): UT.

uter (L) 'either of two' (*kwo-): NEUTER, NEUTRAL. G neutral, Neutrum.

uterus (L) 'womb' (*udero-): UTERUS. G Uterus.

ûtî (L) 'to use': ABUSE, ABUSIVE, USE, USUAL, USUFRUCT, USURY, UTENSIL, UTILE, UTILITARIAN, UTILITY, UTILIZE. It abusare, abuso. F abus, abuser. Sp abusar, abuso. Pg abusar, abuso.

ûva (L) 'grape' (*ôg-): PYRUVIC_ACID, UVEA, UVULA.

uxor (L) 'wife' (*euk-): UXORICIDE, UXORIUS.

vacâre (L) 'to be empty' (*eu-2): EVACUATE, VACANT, VACATE, VACATION, VACUITY, VACUUM. G evakuieren, vacant, Vakuum.

vacca (L) 'cow': BUCKAROO, VACCINE, VAQUERO.

vacillâre (L) 'to waver': VACILLATE.

vâdere (L) 'to go, step' (*wadh-2): EVADE, INVADE, PERVADE, VADE-MECUM, VAMOOSE. G Invasion. F évader, invasion, va, vais, vas, vont.

vadum (L) 'ford' (*wadh-2): VADOSE.

vâgîna (L) 'sheath': EVAGINATE, INVAGINATE, VAGINA, VAGINO-, VANILLA. G Vanille.

vagus (L) 'wandering, undecided, vague': EXTRAVAGANT, VAGABOND, VAGRANT, VAGUE, VAGUS. G extravagant, Vagabund, vage.

valêre (L) 'to be strong' (*wal-): AVAIL, CONVALESCENCE, COUNTERVAIL, EQUIVALENT, INVALID, PREVAIL, VALE, VALENCE, VALERIAN, VALERIE, VALETUDINARIAN, VALIANT, VALID, VALIDATE, VALOR, VALUE. G invalide.

vallês, vallis (L) 'valley': VAIL, VALE, VALLEY. It vallee. Sp vallee. F vallée.

vallum (L) 'palisade' (*walso-): INTERVAL, VALLATION, WALL. G Intervall, Wall.

valvae (L) 'double or folding door' (*wel-3): VALVE.

Vandalus (L) 'Vandal': VANDAL.

vannus (L) 'winnowing fan' (*wet-1): FAN, VAN.

vânus (L) 'empty' (*eu-2): EVANESCE, VAIN, VANISH, VANITY, VAUNT.

vapidus (L) 'that has emitted steam or lost its vapor, flat, poor' (rel. to vappa 'wine that has gone flat'): VAPID.

vapor (L) 'steam, vapor': EVAPORATE, VAPOR.

varius (L) 'spotty, speckled, changeable' (*wer-1): MINIVER, VARIOUS, VARY.

varix (L) 'varicose vein' (*wer-1): VARICOSE, VARIX.

vârus (L) 'bent, knock-kneed': DIVARICATE, PREVARICATE, VARA, VARUS, VERANDAH. G Veranda.

vâs (L) 'vessel': VAS, VASCULAR, VASCULUM, VAS DEFERENS, VASE, VASECTOMY, VASO-, VESSEL. G Vase.

Vascô (L) 'Basque': BASQUE, GASCON.

vassus (ML) 'servant, valet' (< Celtic, prob. < *upo + *stâ-): VALET, VARLET, VASSAL. Via a sense 'one who stands under (another).'

vâstus (L) 'empty' (*eu-2): DEVASTATE, WASTE.

vâtês (L) 'prophet, poet' (*wet-1): VATIC.

vegêre (L) 'to be lively' (*weg-2): VEGETABLE. G Vegetarier, Vegetation, vegetieren.

vehemêns (L) 'impetuous, violent': VEHEMENT. G vehement.

vehere (L) 'to carry' (*wegh-): ADVECTION, CONVECTION, EVECTION, INVEIGHT, VECTOR, VEHICLE. G Vehikel.

velle (L) 'to wish, will' (*wel-2): BENEVOLENT, MALEVOLENT, VELLEITY, VOLITION, VOLUNTARY. G Volontär.

vellere (L) 'to tear, pull' (*wel-4): AVULSE, CONVULSE, DIVULSION, EVULSION, REVULSION, SVELTE.

vêlôx (L) 'fast, lively' (*weg-2): VELOCITY.

vêlum (L) 'curtain, veil,' also 'sail': REVEAL, VEIL, VELUM, VEXILLUM, VOILE.

vêna (L) 'vein': INTRAVENOUS, VEIN, VENOUS. G Vene.

vênârî (L) 'to hunt' (*wen-1): VENATIC, VENERY, VENISON.

venênum (L) 'love potion, poison' (*wen-1): VENOM.

venia (L) 'favor, forgiveness' (*wen-1): VENIAL.

venîre (L) 'to come' (*gwâ-): ADVENT, ADVENTITIOUS, ADVENTURE, AVENUE, CIRCUMVENT, CONTRAVENE, CONVENE, CONVENIENT, CONVENT, CONVENTICLE, CONVENTION, COVEN, COVENANT, EVENT, EVENTUAL, INTERVENE, INVENT, MISADVENTURE, PARVENU, PREVENIENT, PREVENT, PROVENANCE, PROVENIENCE, REVENANT, REVUE, SOUVENIR, SUBVENTION, SUPERVENE, VENIRE, VENUE. G Abendteuer, Advent, Adventisten, eventuell.

venter (L) 'belly': VENTER, VENTRILOQUISM.

ventus (L) 'wind' (*wê-): VENT, VENTAIL, VENTILATE. G Ventil, ventilieren.

vênum (L) 'sale' (*wes-1): VENAL, VEND.

venus (L) 'love' (*wen-1): VENERATE, VENEREAL, VENERY, VENUS.

vêr (L) 'spring': PRIMAVERA, VERNAL.

verbêna (L) 'sacred foliage' (*wer-3): VERBENA, VERVAIN.

verbera (pl.) (L) 'whips, rods' (*wer-3): REVERBERATE.

verbum (L) 'word' (*wer-6): ADVERB, PROVERB, VERB, VERVE. G Adverb.

verêdus (L) 'post horse' (< Celtic < *upo + reidh-): PALFREY.

verêrî (L) 'to respect, feel awe for' (*wer-4): REVERE, REVERENCE, REVEREND. G Reverenz.

vergere (L) 'to turn, tend toward' (*wer-3): CONVERGE, DIVERGE, VERGE.

vermis (L) 'worm': VERMEIL, VERMI-, VERMICELLI, VERMICULAR, VERMIN.

verna (L) 'slave born in the master's household': VERNACULAR.

veronix (ML) 'fragrant resin, sandarac': VARNISH. G Firnis. It vernice. F vernis.

verrûca (L) 'wart' (*wer-1): VERRUCA.

vertere (L) 'to turn' (*wer-3): ADVERSE, ANNIVERSARY, AVERSE, AVERT, CONTROVERSY, CONVERSE, CONVERT, DEXTROSE, DIVERT, EVERT, EXTROVERSION, EXTROVERT, INTRORSE, INTROVERT, INVERT, MALVERSATION, OBVERT, PERVERT, PROSE, RETRORSE, REVERT, SINISTRORSE, SUBVERT, SUZERAIN, TERGIVERSATE, TRANSVERSE, UNIVERSE, UNIVERSITY, VERSATILE, VERSE, VERSION, VERSED, VERSUS, VERTEBRA, VERTEX, VERTICAL, VERTIGO, VICE_VERSA, VORTEX. G Aversion, Kontroverse, Konvertit, pervers, Prosa, Revers, universal, Universität, Universum, Vers, versiert, Version, vertikal, Vertiko.

veru (L) 'spit': VARATRINE.

vêrus (L) 'true' (*wêro-): AVER, VERA, VERACITY, VERDICT, VERIDICAL, VERIFY, VERISIMILAR, VERISM, VERITY, VERONICA, VERY, VOIR_DIRE.

vêsîca (L) 'bladder': VESICA.

vespa (L) 'wasp' (*wopsâ-): VESPIARY.

vesper (L) 'evening' (*wes-pero-): VESPER. G Vesper.

Vesta (L) 'household goddess': VESTA, VESTAL.

vestibulum (L) 'entrance court, courtyard': VESTIBULE.

vestîgium (L) 'footprint, trace' (rel. to vestigâre 'to follow the trail of, track'): INVESTIGATE, VESTIGE.

vestis (L) 'garment' (*wes-4): DEVEST, INVEST, REVEST, TRANSVESTITE, TRAVESTY, VEST. G investieren, Weste.

vetâre (L) 'to forbid': VETO. G Veto.

veterînus (L) 'of beasts of burden, of cattle' (*wet-2): VETERINARY. G Veterinär.

vettonica, betonica (L), kind of plant, 'betony': BETONY.

vetus (L) 'old' (*wet-2): INVETERATE, VETERAN. G Veteran.

vexâre (L) 'to agitate' (*wegh-): VEX.

via (L) 'way, road' (*wegh-): CONVEY, DEVIATE, DEVIOUS, ENVOY, FOY, OBVIOUS, PERVIOUS, PREVIOUS, TRIVIAL, TRIVIUM, VIA, VIADUCT, VOYAGE.

vibrâre (L) 'to vibrate' (*weip-): VIBRATE. G vibrieren.

vîburnum (L) 'wayfaring tree': VIBURNUM.

vicia (L) 'vetch' (*weik-4): VETCH.

vicis (L) 'turn, office,' genitive of vix (*weik-4): VICAR, VICARIOUS, VICE, VICE VERSA, VICISSITUDE. G Vikar.

victima (L) 'animal used as a sacrifice, victim': VICTIM.

vîcus (L) 'block of houses, quarter or district of a town, village, town' (*weik-1): VICINAGE, VICINITY, WICK.

vidêre (L) 'to see, look' (*weid-): ADVICE, ADVISE, BELVEDERE, CLAIRVOYANCE, ENVY, EVIDENT, INTERVIEW, PREVISE, PROVIDE, REVIEW, SUPERVISE, SURVEY, VIDE, VIEW, VISA, VISAGE, VISION, VISTA, VOYEUR. G improvisieren, Provision, revidieren, Revue, Visage, Visier, Vision, Visite, Visum.

vigêre (L) 'to be lively' (*weg-2): VIGOR.

vigil (L) 'watchful, awake' (*weg-2): REVEILLE, SURVEILLANT, VEDETTE, VIGIL, VIGILANT.

vîgintî (L) 'twenty' (*wîkmtî): VICENARY, VICENNIAL, VIGESIMAL.

vîlis (L) 'of low value or price, cheap, common, mean, base': VILE, VILIFY, VILIPEND.

villa (L) 'farm, country house, town' (*weik-1): VILLA. G Villa, Weiler.

villus (L) 'shaggy hair, wool' (*wel-4): VELOURS, VELVET, VILLUS. G Flors, Velours.

vîmen (L) 'flexible branch of a tree used for wickerwork, osier' (rel. to viêre 'to bend or twist into basketwork, plait, weave'): VIMINAL.

vincere (L) 'to conquer' (*weik-5): CONVINCE, EVICT, VANQUISH, VICTOR, VINCENT, VINCIBLE.

vincîre (L) 'to tie': VINCULUM.

vindex (L) 'claimant, avenger' (*deik-): AVENGE, REVENGE, VENDETTA, VINDICATE. G Revanche.

vînum (L) 'wine' (rel. to Gr oinos (2-5)): VIGNETTE, VINACEOUS, VINE, VINI-, VINEGAR, VINEYARD, WINE. G Wein.

viola (L) 'violet': ULTRAVIOLET, VIOLA, VIOLACEOUS, VIOLET, VIOSTEROL. G Veilchen, violett.

vir (L) 'man' (*wî-ro-): DECEMVIR, DUUMVIR, TRIUMVIR, VIRAGO, VIRILE, VIRTUE, VIRTUOSO. G Virtuose.

virêre (L) 'to be green,' hence 'be vigorous': BILIVERDIN, FARTHINGALE, TERRE-VERT, VERDANT, VIREO, VERESCENT, VIRID.

virga (L) 'rod, strip': VERGE, VIRGATE, VIRGULE.

virgô (L) 'maiden, virgin': VIRGIN, VIRGINAL, VIRGINIA.

viriae (pl.) (L) 'bracelets' (< Celtic < *wei-1): FERRULE.

vîrus (L) 'slime, poison': VIRUS. G Virus.

vis (L) 'force': VIM, VIOLATE, VIOLENT.

viscum (L) 'mistletoe, birdlime': VISCID, VISCOUS.

vîscus (L) 'body organ': VISCERA, VISCERAL.

Visigothi (LL), pl. 'West Goths': VISIGOTH.

vîta (L) 'life' (gwei-): LIGNUM_VITAE, VIABLE, VITAL, VITAMIN, VITASCOPE. B vital, Vitamin.

vitilîgo (L) 'tetter' (*wei-4): VITILIGO.

vîtis (L) 'vine' (*wei-1): VISE, VITICULTURE.

vitium (L) 'fault, vice' (*wei-4): VICE, VICIOUS, VITIATE.

vitrum (L) 'glass': VITREOUS, VITRESCENT, VITRIFY, VITRIOL, VITRIOLIC. G Vitrine.

vitta (L) 'head band' (*wei-1): VITTA.

Vîtula (L), goddess of joy and victory: FIDDLE. G Fiedel.

vitulus (L) 'calf, yearling' (*wet-2): VEAL, VITELLUS.

vituperâre (L) 'to abuse' (*wei-4): VITUPERATE.

vîvere (L) 'to live' (*gwei-): CONVIVIAL, REVIVE, SURVIVE, VIAND, VICTUAL, VIVA, VIVACIOUS, VIVID. G vivat, Weiher.

vîverra (L) 'ferret, weasel': VIVERINE.

vîvus (L) 'living, alive' (*gwei-): VIPER, VIVIFY, VIVIPAROUS.

vocâre (L) 'to be empty' (*eu-2): AVOID, DEVOID, VOID.

vocâre (L) 'to call, name, invoke, invite' (*wekw-): ADVOCATE, AVOCATION, CONVOKE, EVOKE, INVOKE, PROVOKE, REVOKE, VOCABLE, VOCABULARY, VOCATION, VOUCH. G Advokat, provozieren, Vokabel.

volâre (L) 'to fly': VOLANT, VOLATILE, VOLE, VOLITANT, VOLLEY.

volgus, vulgus (L) 'the common people': VULGAR, VULGATE, VULGATE. G vulgär.

volnus, vulnus (L) 'wound' (*welª-2): VULNERABLE.

volpês, vulpês (L) 'fox' (*wlp-ê-): VULPINE.

voltur, vultur (L) 'vulture': VULTURE.

voluptâs (L) 'pleasure,' rel. to volup 'pleasant' (*wel-2): VOLUPTUARY, VOLUPTUOUS.

volva, vulva (L) 'covering, womb' (*wel-3): VOLVA, VULVA.

volvere (L) 'to roll' (*wel-3): CIRCUMVOLVE, CONVOLVE, DEVOLVE, EVOLVE, INVOLVE, OBVOLUTE, REVOLVE, VAULT, VOLT, VOLUBLE, VOLUME, VOLUTE, VOLVOX, VOUSSOIR. G Volumen, Revolver, Revolte, revoltieren, Revolution.

vomere (L) 'to vomit' (*wemª-): VOMIT.

vômis, vômer (L) 'plowshare' (prob. *wogwh-ni-): VOMER.

vôs (L) pl. 'you': RENDEZVOUS.

vovêre (L) 'to pledge, vow': DEVOTE, DEVOUT, VOTARY, VOTE, VOTIVE, VOW. G devot, Votum.

vôx (L) 'voice' (*wekw-): EQUIVOCAL, UNIVOCAL, VOCAL, VOICE, VOWEL. G Vokal.