Guided Reading 21-4
Political ideals stemming from the successful (1) _______________ in North America were beginning to influence Latin America. When Napoleon overthrew the monarchies of Spain and Portugal, the authority of the (2) _______________ and (3) _______________ was weakened in their colonial empires. Between 1807 and 1825, a series of revolts enabled most of Latin America to become (4) _______________.
The first real hero of Mexican independence was (5) _______________. On September 16, 1810, a crowd of (6) _______________ and (7) _______________, armed with clubs, machetes, and a few guns, formed a mob army to attack the Spaniards. In 1821, Mexico declared its independence from Spain and became a (8) _______________ in 1823.
(9) _______________ believed that the Spaniards must be removed from all of South America if any South American nation was to be free. Unsure of their precise boundaries, the new nations went to war with one another to settle (10) _______________ disputes. Soon after independence, strong leaders known as (11) _______________ came into power, who ruled by military force.
As a result of the (12) _______________ War, Cuba became a United States protectorate, and Puerto Rico was (13) _______________ to the United States. The United States was granted control of a strip of land in Panama where they built the (14) _______________.
Many in Latin America saw the United States as a (14) _______________. The middle sectors in Latin America sought liberal (16) _______________, not revolution. Once they had the right to vote, they generally sided with the (17) _______________ elites.