Ch14Sec3

Guided Reading 14-3

I. ­­­­­­­­­­­­________________ is a system in which a ruler holds total ­­­­­­­­­­­­________________.

a. In seventeenth-century Europe, absolutism was tide to the divine ­­­ ­________________.

b. The reign of ­­­­­­­­­­­­________________ in France is the best example of absolutism.

i. Cardinal Richelieu strengthened the ­­­­­­­­­­­­________________ by limiting rights and spying on nobles.

ii. Louis XIV called himself the ­­­­­­­­­­­­________________.

iii. Louis had complete authority over ­­­­­­­­­­­­________________, the ­­­­­­­­­ ________________, and ­­­­­­­­­­­­________________.

II. ­­­­­­­­­­­­________________ and ­­­­­­­­­­­­________________ emerged as European powers after the Thirty Years’ war.

a. Prussia was a small territory with no natural ­­­­­­­­­­­­________________ for defense.

i. Frederick William built the ­­­­­­­­­­­­________________ largest army in Europe.

ii. In 1701, Frederick William’s son ­­­­­­­­­­­­________________ officially became king.

b. The ­­­­­­­­­­­­________________ had long served as emperors in the Holy Roman Empire.

i. In the seventeenth century, they had lost the ­­­­­­­­­­­­________________ Empire.

ii. After the defeat of the Turks in 1687, Austria took control of all of ­­­­­­­­­­­­________________, ­­­­­­­­­­­­________________, ­­­­­­­­­­­­________________, and ­­­­­­­­­­­ ________________.

III. Ivan IV became the first Russian ruler to take the title of ­­­­­­­­­­­­________________, or caesar.

a. The most prominent member of the ­­­­­­­­­­­­________________ dynasty was Peter the Great.

b. Peter was especially eager to borrow European ­­­­­­­­­­­­________________ to modernize the army and navy.

c. A hard-fought war with ­­­­­­­­­­­­________________ enabled the building of St. Petersburg.