Republic of Texas

Taxes, state parks, infrastructure: What you need to know about the Nov. 7 constitutional amendments election María Méndez, Yuriko Schumacher and Texas Tribune Staff

• https://www.texastribune.org/2023/09/15/texas-constitutional-amendment-voter-guide Sep 15, 2023 "Texans will decide the fate of 14 constitutional amendments approved for the ballot by state lawmakers. Here’s a breakdown of each constitutional amendment and requirements to vote." Texas Tribune

Texas Declaration of Independence, 1836 Ellis, Richard (1781-1846)

• https://www.gilderlehrman.org/collection/glc02559 Summary of Content "Declares that a "Free, Sovereign, and Independent Republic" has been constituted by the people of Texas. The Dr. Paul Burns copy, listed in the Thomas Taylor census Texfake as #2 of authentic copies. Printed by Baker and Bordens, San Felipe de Austin. Dimensions refer to document unmounted."

• Background Information "On March 2, 1836, Texas formally declared itself independent of Mexico. Earlier, a band of some 300 Texans captured Mexico's military headquarters in San Antonio and Santa Anna had begun to march north with 7000 soldiers (an army filled with raw recruits including many Indians who spoke and understood little Spanish). Sam Houston ordered Texans to abandon San Antonio, but a group of rebels decided to defend the town and make their stand at an abandoned Spanish mission, the Alamo. For 12 days, Mexico forces laid siege to the Alamo. On March 6, four days after Texas declared independence, Mexican troops scaled the mission's walls; 183 defenders were killed, including several Mexicans who had fought for Texas independence, and their oil-soaked bodies were set on fire outside the Alamo." Texas Declaration of Independence, 1836 PDF https://www.gilderlehrman.org/sites/default/files/GLC/documents/2022-08/02559-OS.pdf

The Republic of Texas 

• https://www.tsl.texas.gov/treasures/republic/index.html Dec 5, 2017 "By 1835, Antonio López de Santa Anna had established himself as a dictator in Mexico. Among Anglo-American colonists and Tejanos alike, the call for Texas independence grew louder. On March 2, 1836, a delegation at Washington-on-the-Brazos adopted the Texas Declaration of Independence, and thus was born the Republic of Texas." Texas State Library and Archives Commission

The Portal to Texas History

• https://texashistory.unt.edu The Portal to Texas History is a gateway to rare, historical, and primary source materials from or about Texas. Created and maintained by the University of North Texas Libraries, the Portal leverages the power of hundreds of content partners across the state to provide a vibrant, growing collection of resources. Texas History for Teachers

The Alamo THE MISSION, THE BATTLE, THE LEGEND

• https://www.thealamo.org provides a number of historical resources to better understand this historic church. Texas Revolution Timeline provides numerous images and short summaries about the historic events that led to the Battle of the Alamo. Teach the Alamo provides Lesson Plans and Guides.

Texas Capitol Artwork Gallery

• https://tspb.texas.gov/prop/tc/tc-collection/artwork/index.html provides these paintings: 1. Dawn at the Alamo Painting 2. Battle of San Jacinto Painting 3. Surrender of Santa Anna Painting 4. David Crockett Painting 5. Stephen F. Austin Painting 6. Jim Bowie Painting 7. The Hunt Painting 8. Capt. John Pope and Party Painting 9. Fording the Pecos River Painting 10. Watercolor of the Capitol Painting 11. Juan Nepomuceno Seguin Painting 12. Lorenzo De Zavala Painting 13. Barbara Jordan Painting 14. Settlement of Austin's Colony Painting 15. Ranger Escort

Texas Governor Sam Houston: An Inventory of Governor Sam Houston Records at the Texas State Archives, 1824-1862, bulk 1859-1861

• https://legacy.lib.utexas.edu/taro/tslac/30197/tsl-30197.html provides a biographical sketch about the commander-in-chief of the Texas army in 1836.

Handbook of Texas Houston, Sam (1793–1863)

• https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/houston-sam is a biographical entry written by Thomas H. Kreneck.

Map of the United States Including Western Territories

• https://catalog.archives.gov/id/2127339 is a 1848 map that "accompanied President James K. Polk's annual message to Congress in December 1848. It represents Polk's conception as a Southern Democrat of how to divide up the new territory acquired through the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo. It became the starting point of debates in Congress over slavery and westward expansion."

Texas Independence 5:14

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Gp2hs0YK68 Apr 8, 2020 The push for Texas Independence in the mid 1830s contributed to the expansion of the US as Americans embraced Manifest Destiny and pushed west. Questions below:

• 1. By 1830 what was the population of Texas comprised of?

• 2. Who was the dictator of Mexico at the time?

• 3. The defenders of the Alamo held off the Mexican Army for how many days?

• 4. What happened at Goliad?

• 5. Why do you think Texas wanted to join the United States and why as a slave state? The Daily Bellringer

Why Should You Remember the Alamo? 2:17

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6n2CUCDATi8 Feb 10, 2014 Almost a month after 200 Texan rebels were defeated at the Battle of the Alamo, the rebel army got its revenge, earning Texas its independence. Smithsonian Channel

Why Mexico Banned Immigration from the US | History 4:13

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AAZNROTU9Hc Oct 2, 2018 Learn how slavery influenced the fight for Texas independence. See how the Mexican government tried to stop American immigration and the practice of slavery, leading to the Texas revolution and the battle of the Alamo. HISTORY

Texas Revolution Song (Shawn Mendes's "Stitches" Parody) 4:27

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aomUUdeb3NM Nov 8, 2018 Everything is bigger in #Texas​ so Mr. Betts enlisted the help of his siblings Jimothy, Himothy, and the lovely Kimothy to sing about the #TexanRevolution​.

Legends of the Alamo (360 Video) 3:45

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vigeyTerVEk Feb 2, 2016 Hosts Brian Brushwood and Justin Robert Young hit the road and head to San Antonio, TX, for a history lesson. The guys hunker down at the Alamo to learn about the scale and scope of that last-stand battle. Discovery

The Texas Capitol: Building for the Ages 13:48

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rz6fq0_QsbY Mar 3, 2014 This thirteen-minute documentary film tells the fascinating history of the Capitol, reveals rarely seen locations and provides stunning imagery of the Capitol Complex. See the Capitol like you have never seen it before! Visit: www.texasstatecapitol.com Texas Capitol

3-2-1 Texas Independence Summary

TEXAS U.S. EXPANSION 20:34

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T3Pc_1zhBKY May 17, 2012 More than 20 years ago filmmaker Don Klugman manually zoomed and panned across hand-colored historic pictures to tell the story of Texas: a tale of Spanish conquest, Mexican sovereignty, independence and U.S. statehood. Don Klugman

America: Promised Land: Spanish Ranchers Bring Cattle to Texas | History 1:56

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0kbqrtnHLx4 Jun 1, 2017 Until the Spanish arrived in the Southwest, there wasn’t a single cow in America, but within decades their ranching efforts result in over 3 million longhorn cows roaming the Texas grasslands. #AmericaPromisedLand HISTORY

Ask History: Who are the Texas Rangers? | History 2:52

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nzis2Xi1dNU May 19, 2015 Get the full story of the Texas Rangers, one of America's oldest and most respected law enforcement agencies, from their start in the 1800s to today's high-tech police work, and all the infamous outlaws they've captured along the way. #AskHistory HISTORY

Bill Paxton of 'Texas Rising' on Why Texas Is Unique 2:45

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tD28-xreaJQ May 26, 2015 Bill Paxton, star of "Aliens" and "Titanic" and the new History Channel miniseries, "Texas Rising," talks with Christopher John Farley about his special bond with the Lone Star state. Wall Street Journal

Deconstructing History: Alamo | History 2:33

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rTCcnbzSMc8 May 19, 2015 It has become the site and symbol of the battle for Texan independence, but there is much more to the story. Find out why Americans will always remember the Alamo. HISTORY

Hispanic Soldiers and Texas Independence 2:39

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G63yML26CSs Sep 23, 2015 This slideshow provides an introduction to the history of Hispanic soldiers and Texas independence, and was produced for our heritage travel app, Texas Time Travel Tours. The mobile app features statewide thematic tours focusing on a variety of time periods and cultures in Texas history. View the mobile tours or download the app at http://texastimetravel.com/get-guides. Texas Historical Commission

Independence! A Lone Star Rises 29:19

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxpAE-B3Mos Apr 23, 2021 Some battles are fought not with a sword but with a pen. While the siege at the Alamo raged, 59 elected delegates gathered in Washington to declare independence, write a constitution, and elect an interim government. Risking everything, their actions legitimized the revolution and changed the world forever. Featuring an original score by Grammy-nominated composer David Arkenstone, “Independence! A Lone Star Rises” was filmed with participation from local Brazos county students, Texan reenactors, and award-winning director Gary Foreman of Native Sun Productions. This project is made possible by Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site, Washington-on-the-Brazos Historical Foundation, and the Texas Historical Commission. Texas Historical Commission

TEXAS U.S. EXPANSION 20:34

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T3Pc_1zhBKY May 17, 2012 More than 20 years ago filmmaker Don Klugman manually zoomed and panned across hand-colored historic pictures to tell the story of Texas: a tale of Spanish conquest, Mexican sovereignty, independence and U.S. statehood. Don Klugman

The Bargain That Lured American Settlers to Texas Smithsonian Channel 3:36

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oHTrSnWjlyw Dec 17, 2019 In the early 1800s, the Mexican government enticed Americans to move to Texas with the promise of land. The only condition: the settlers had to renounce their U.S. citizenship and declare their allegiance to Mexico. Smithsonian Channel

What Is an Empresario? Empresario Series Part 1 3:29

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Az9KgwVSHkk Oct 27, 2020 Welcome to the “Empresario” series, brought to you by San Felipe de Austin State Historic Site. In this video series we explore different aspects of being an empresario in Mexican Texas, concentrating on the experiences of Stephen F. Austin. Texas Historical Commission