https://school.eb.com/levels/high/article/sectionalism/632982 Jun 3, 2022 "Sectionalism, an exaggerated devotion to the interests of a region over those of a country as a whole." Britannica School
https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/gathering-storm-antebellum-america Jun 3, 2022 "Beyond the moral dilemma caused by slavery, the country's two regions also faced a deep economic divide. In the agrarian South, slaves accounted for more than one fourth of the population. While the North had a strong agrarian backbone marked by improved farmland and mechanized techniques, the region also had a booming manufacture-based industrial economy." American Battlefield Trust
https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/trigger-events-civil-war Jun 7, 2022 "The Civil War was the culmination of a series of confrontations concerning the institution of slavery. The following is a timeline of the events that led to the Civil War. | 1619-1865 | The Peculiar Institution | 1820 | The Missouri Compromise | 1831 | Nat Turner’s Rebellion | 1846 - 1850 | The Wilmot Proviso | 1850 | The Compromise of 1850 | 1852 | Uncle Tom’s Cabin | 1854 - 1859 | Bleeding Kansas | 1857 | Dred Scott v. Sanford | 1858 | Lincoln-Douglas Debates | 1859 | John Brown’s Raid | 1860 | Abraham Lincoln’s Election | 1861 | The Battle of Fort Sumter" 7 QUESTIONS Trigger Events of the Civil War Check your knowledge of the events that triggered the Civil War. American Battlefield Trust
https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/sis/activities/history/primary-source-analysis.html Oct 8, 2021 Students will examine tables of data from the 1820 Census to understand the implications of the Missouri Compromise, specifically in Maine and Missouri. United States Census Bureau History Worksheets
https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/sis/activities/history/antebellum-economy.html Oct 8, 2021 "Students will examine a table of 1850 Census data on employment to understand the professions of free men across the United States at the time, calculating the percentages working in different industries. Students will also compare and contrast economies in the North and South during the Antebellum Period." United States Census Bureau History Worksheets
https://www.essentialcivilwarcurriculum.com/sectionalism.html Sep 1, 2020 University of New Hampshire "Sectionalism is the idea that individual communities of people, sharing a set of cultural, economic and geographic realities, create individuated sections and loyalties within a larger polity, and it existed long before and continued long after the Civil War. The most obvious example of sectionalism in the U.S is the contest between the North and the South in the Civil War. But to focus on this ignores “the various geographic provinces of the United States and the regions within them, and exhibiting itself in economic, political, and cultural fields”. In the early days of the Republic, “American society encompassed an assortment of geographically grounded differences that nonetheless pointed toward a national unity: settled, older regions against newer ones; cities against the countryside; capital-lending areas against debtor regions; manufacturing districts against agricultural.” Essential Civil War Curriculum
https://school.eb.com/levels/middle/article/American-Civil-War/273689 Jun 3, 2022 "TABLE OF CONTENTS: Introduction | The Basic Issue of States’ Rights | The Basic Issue of States’ Rights | The Slavery System in the South | Abolitionists and Their Work | Expansion of Slavery | Efforts to Save the Union | The War Begins at Fort Sumter | Comparison of Rival Forces | The First Year of War | The War in the East, 1862 From Antietam to Gettysburg | Campaigns in the West, 1862 to 1864 | The Final Phase, 1864–65 | The War at Sea | Foreign Affairs During the War | War on the Home Front | Costs of the War | Military Innovations | Some Major Civil War Battles | Additional Reading" Brittannica School
Sectionalism Videos
Sectionalism Video Links
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=68gi3C0A9Fo Jun 19, 2017 Learn more about the Missouri Compromise of 1820, a temporary solution to the brewing controversy over slavery in the United States. HISTORY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x5JJfrMElSM Nov 19, 2021 Well before formal legislation was passed, promising freed slaves certain land rights, Black farmers traveled west, exploring, and developing heavily forested land. With tons of experience in their pockets, migrating west made sense and allowed Black farmers and their families a safe place to live and grow. But like most of America’s history, White settlers began to impose new laws and tactics on the once uncharted territory. Eventually, the land Black farmers cleared, plowed, and cultivated prohibited — either directly or indirectly — their existence in those spaces. Through violence, theft, and other mischievous practices, many Black farmers lost their ability to inhabit land they founded and worked on. In this episode of Black History In Two Minutes or So hosted by Henry Louis Gates Jr. — with additional commentary from Imani Perry of Princeton University and Hasan Jeffries of Ohio State University, we look at the plight of Black farmers and how systemic behavior of the 1800s is still felt in the agriculture sector today. Black History in Two Minutes or so
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oKirXxkxvvs Apr 15, 2022 Even though slavery ended in the 1860s, free Black Americans made up 10% of the United States Black population. While the rest of the population was made up of slaves, those who escaped quickly learned that freedom didn’t mean access. As the United States expanded, many now western states passed rules and regulations that made it difficult for Black citizens to successfully enter society. Ultimately, Black people opted to stay in the south, close to family, and in a better economic condition. Despite countless efforts to rob Black people of their rights, freed Black leaders made sure Black people were supported in their transition from slavery to freedom. In this episode of Black History In Two Minutes or So hosted by Henry Louis Gates Jr. — with additional commentary from Vincent Brown of Harvard University and author Kate Clifford Larson — we learn about the often under told story of the free Black American. Black History in Two Minutes or so
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rr6nqrfzFRA Nov 20, 2020 As the United States began to expand, the demand for cotton led to an increase of slave trades in the country. Eager to capitalize, slave owners sold slaves into the deep south and west in the name of expanding the economy. Chained and shackled together, black families were uprooted, disrupted and forced to start again in the name of preparing for white civilization. The domestic slave trade mimicked patterns of shattering families in Africa, all the while placing financial gain before humanity. In total, nearly one million black slaves were sold during this time, lasting up until the Civil War. In this episode of Black History In Two Minutes or So hosted by Henry Louis Gates Jr., with additional commentary from Hasan Jeffries of Ohio State University and Vincent Brown of Harvard University, we explore the second middle passage, a forced migration meant to support the booming cotton industry and westward expansion, all the while continuing the cycle of tearing black families apart for fiscal gain. Black History in Two Minutes or so
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JKn_0TUg_Mo Dec 10, 2021 In 2019, researchers were able to properly authenticate the last known slave ship to enter the United States illegally. That ship, The Clotida, was found in the Mobile River in Southern Alabama. A slave trader named Timothy Meaher arranged with a king in an African nation to purchase one hundred slaves and transport them to Alabama. With treacherous conditions and little food, those who survived would be enslaved until the formal emancipation efforts commenced. While emancipation meant freedom on paper, freed slaves quickly learned that their efforts were best served creating their own community called Africatown. In this episode of Black History In Two Minutes or So hosted by Henry Louis Gates Jr., with additional commentary from Imani Perry of Princeton University, we take a look at an important piece of history that tells the story of the last known slave ship to enter the United States. Black History in Two Minutes or so
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dr0OyB1Uj8Q Apr 21, 2020 The Civil War was the culmination of a series of confrontations concerning the institution of slavery. The following is a timeline of the events that led to the Civil War. https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/trigger-events-civil-war American Battlefield Trust
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lEBXzO5PFlI Jul 9, 2019 Garry Adelman gives a brief rundown on the causes of the American Civil War. Welcome to Battlefield U! We provide answers to your questions about the Civil War, Revolutionary War and War of 1812. We aim to increase your baseline knowledge for school, battlefield visits or just to help you show off at social events. Check in on Tuesdays for our newest Battlefield U installment. American Battlefield Trust
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wdueq4xVRp8 Sep 7, 2020 We had the privilege to hear Historian, Author and Professor Gary Gallagher talk about the differences between Northern and Southern society in the United States before the Civil War began. Welcome to Battlefield U! We provide answers to your questions about the Civil War, Revolutionary War and War of 1812. We aim to increase your baseline knowledge for school, battlefield visits or to just help you show off to your friends. American Battlefield Trust
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x59okyeAJ1c Sep 2, 2020 What economic issues split the North and South during the leadup to the Civil War? This Homework Help video explores this question and will help prepare you for your upcoming test! Bill of Rights Institute
Slavery and the Coming of the Civil War: https://billofrightsinstitute.org/playlists/slavery-and-the-coming-of-the-civil-war
The Civil War and the Industrial Revolution: https://billofrightsinstitute.org/lessons/the-civil-war-and-the-industrial-revolution
The Commercial Republic Before the Civil War: https://billofrightsinstitute.org/essays/the-commercial-republic-before-the-civil-war-1815-1860
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YBn6Nn_Uylk Jun 2, 2015 Ever wondered what specific events led to the outbreak of the American Civil War? Join John Rudy of the National Park Service as he describes the tumultuous years and events that led up to the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861. This video is part of the Civil War Trust's In4 video series, which presents short videos on basic Civil War topics. American Battlefield Trust
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VYuR4meD8YY Jan 31, 2012 Why were there slaves in the South and not in the North? James Brennan, Museum Educator at the National Civil War Museum, discusses slavery. This video was filmed at the National Civil War Museum in Harrisburg, PA. Find out more information about slavery at: http://worldbook.com/world-book-expla... Videos are produced and directed by Jennifer Parello for World Book Encyclopedia." WorldBookNetwork
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l0ssCxvUOQs Feb 24, 2022 It was published ten years before a shot was fired. And was written by a woman. How did Uncle Tom’s Cabin fan the flames of the American Civil War? This video is part of the series How We Became America: The Untold History. Made for students and teachers, but easy-to-consume by all, the series is designed to fill in the gaps and bring new stories to life. View our full set of short, animated videos here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZrhqv_T1O1sB2SV_FuLmWyrAkUNhC6A8 How We Became America: The Untold History
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o3oQvOaWmkw Dec 28, 2020 The Weeksville Heritage Center is on the National Landmark Registry, but it almost disappeared. In 1968, to ensure that Weeksville remained a living testament, the Society for the Preservation of Weeksville and Bedford-Stuyvesant History was created. PIX11 News
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=arUaxRTDWDc May 1, 2020 In the years before the Civil War, white society in the South is divided between the wealthy class known as the Planter Aristocracy, and the poor yeoman farmers of the backcountry. NBC News Learn
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7SGYkajXtb8 Aug 2, 2017 People refer to it all the time. We talk about its food and its history and its heat, but what is The South? What states should be included when someone talks about the south? That depends on who you’re talking to. AL.com
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NSCFxDKJWwo Aug 31, 2012 This video is a conversation starter about culture in Hamilton. In Hamilton, we are on the heels of a cultural policy and on the brink of a cultural plan. At the same time, the city is undergoing a cultural renaissance. HamiltonLoveYourCity
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j_Bra5yBh6M Nov 11, 2016 Matthew Pinsker gives a crash course on the Compromise of 1850, the resolution to a dispute over slavery in territory gained after the Mexican-American War. HISTORY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JkHK8qDrTTM Nov 29, 2016 Historian Matthew Pinsker presents a quick rundown of the 1850 Fugitive Slave Act. HISTORY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QYP854GAPAU Nov 26, 2016 Get a crash course on the causes and consequences of the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 with historian Matthew Pinsker. HISTORY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TqZJc7B8xsc Nov 18, 2016 Learn key facts behind Bleeding Kansas, a series of violent confrontations between pro- and anti-slavery forces during the settling of Kansas, from historian Matthew Pinsker. HISTORY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LljCzkPasuk Mar 8, 2017 Historian Matthew Pinkser explains the series of debates that would eventually help Abraham Lincoln become a stronger national candidate for president. HISTORY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0TqoaVjnUwc Mar 10, 2022 The Lincoln Douglas Debates of 1858 were some of the most controversial in US history. Having deepened the divide between North and South – they helped bring the nation to war. https://www.battlefields.org/learn/videos/untold This video is part of the series How We Became America: The Untold History. Made for students and teachers, but easy-to-consume by all, the series is designed to fill in the gaps and bring new stories to life. View our full set of short, animated videos here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZrhqv_T1O1sB2SV_FuLmWyrAkUNhC6A8 How We Became America: The Untold History
Fill out this notes chart with evidence from the DBQ, textbook, and other resources prior to writing this constructed response.
Prompt: Analyze how the political, cultural, and economic differences between the North and the South contributed to the American Civil War. Use evidence to support your response.
POLITICAL of or relating to government, a government, or the conduct of government
CULTURAL the customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a racial, religious, or social group
ECONOMIC of, relating to, or based on the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services
https://sites.google.com/eusd.org/jgarritson/lessons/sectionalism
https://school.eb.com/levels/middle/article/American-Civil-War/273689
https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/sis/activities/history/antebellum-economy.html
Activity Item
The following item is part of this activity and appears at the end of this student version.
• Item 1: Employments of the Free Male Population of the United States Over Fifteen Years of Age: 1850
Student Learning Objectives:
• I will be able to interpret a primary source from 1850 to calculate percentages.
• I will be able to compare and contrast northern and southern economies in the years leading up to the Civil War.
• I will be able to write and answer my own questions about 1850 Census data.
Answer the following questions using Item 1:Employments of the Free Male Population of the United States Over Fifteen Years of Age: 1850.
1. Summarize what the data show as well as how and when they were collected. Also mention a couple groups of people that are not included in the table.
2. Fill in the following pieces of information.
a. The state or territory with the greatest number of free men in the Army:
b. The number of domestic servants working in Pennsylvania:
c. The total number of free men employed in Delaware:
d. The percentage of the total number of free men working in sea and river navigation:
e. The employment category with the greatest number of free men in Louisiana:
3. In 1850, the U.S. Census Bureau changed the way it collected information about American citizens for the decennial census. It added questions — about taxes, schools, crime, wages, the value of one’s estate, and mortality — and listed the name of each free person in the home (no longer just of the primary person who completed the form). Census Bureau workers also asked about the job of each person in the home who was older than 15. During this time, the United States was transforming from an agrarian — or agriculture-based — society to an industrial — or industry-based — economy.
With this information in mind, why do you think the census changed? How do you think this new information would be used by the U.S. Congress, state and local government agencies, and/or the general public?
4. In the following chart, list five common jobs during the Antebellum Period and today. [TABLE]
Common Jobs in America
During the Antebellum Period
What You Typically See Today
5. Looking at the jobs you just wrote in your chart, how are they similar and how are they different?
6. Name several jobs from the Antebellum Period that would fit in the commerce and nonagricultural labor employment categories, which may or may not include jobs from your table in question 4.
7. Looking at the last row of data in the item, which category of employment has the largest percentage of free male workers in 1850?
8. Select three northern states and three southern states, and then calculate the percentage of each state’s free male population older than 15 employed in agriculture and the percentage employed in commerce and in nonagricultural labor. Record your answers in the following data table, rounding to the tenths place. [CHART]
Percentage of State Population (Free Men Older Than 15) Working in Agriculture or in Commerce and Nonagricultural Labor [TABLE]
Percentage working in agriculturePercentage working in commerce and nonagricultural laborNorthern StatesSouthern States
9. Using your table and your background knowledge, compare and contrast northern and southern economies prior to the Civil War, being sure to address the role of free labor versus that of slave labor in each economy.
10. Explain how the differences between the economies of the North and South may have caused a problem for the nation.
11. Imagine you are the teacher: Write three questions — including at least one open-ended, critical-thinking question — and answer them using Item 1. (Think to yourself: What would I want my students to know?)
Item 1: Employments of the Free Male Population of the United States Over Fifteen Years of Age: 1850 [TABLE CXXX] www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/sis/resources/historical-docs-images/h03-figure1.pdf To view the data in an easier-to-read table, click on the link above.
Table of Free Male Employment Over Fifteen Years of Age - 1850
H03.Figure1
This historic table displays the numbers of free males over the age of 15 engaged in various fields of work by state and territory. The data in this table were collected during the 1850 Census. https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/sis/resources/tables/male-employment.html
