Reconstruction

https://school.eb.com/levels/middle/article/Reconstruction/276670 Jun 9, 2022 "TABLE OF CONTENTS: Introduction | Presidential Reconstruction | Radical, or Congressional, Reconstruction | Accomplishments of the Freedmen’s Bureau | Economic Recovery of the South | The Fall of the Reconstruction Governments | Additional Reading" Britannica School

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjetWrsQb-E Apr 7, 2019 In the years following the Civil War known as Reconstruction, newly-freed African American men could finally vote, and would be elected to represent Southerners in Congress. But it was a period that would be transformed into an era of segregation and Jim Crow laws, and be taught to succeeding generations as a failed political experiment. Yet, Reconstruction is now being given its due in school curriculums, and in a new PBS documentary by Harvard professor Henry Louis Gates. Mo Rocca talks with Gates, as well as with historian Eric Foner and author Lawrence Otis Graham, about some of the most noted African American figures in the post-Civil War era. CBS Sunday Morning

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jyKdk899_K4 Nov 1, 2019 Robert Smalls: A Slave Who Sailed Himself to Freedom....became a War Hero, and Served as a U.S. Congressman Robert Smalls was born into slavery and pushed into fighting for the Confederacy during the Civil War. However, at the age of 23, he took a chance to not only free him and his family, but those who vowed to step up and fight against the Confederacy alongside him. While on the ship named The Planter, Smalls observed the day-to-day behaviors of the crew. With the support of other slaves on board, he sprung into action. Sneaking into the Charleston harbor at night, Smalls and company anchored the boat, collected their families, and took a brave sail towards freedom. His innovative thinking and fearless hunger for freedom would pay off in a big way. Today, we celebrate him as one of the most heroic slaves of the Civil War. In this episode of Black History in Two Minutes or So hosted by Henry Louis Gates Jr. and with additional commentary from Farrah Griffin, we honor Smalls’ journey, his leadership, and his undying quest for freedom. Black History in Two Minutes or so

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pjseZOhmxy8 Jun 19, 2020 As the Union declared victory over the Confederacy, post-Civil War life seemed to be off to a good start for freed slaves. William Tecumseh Sherman, a former Union general, sat with 20 black ministers to develop a plan to remedy the harsh treatment of black people. The phrase “40 acres and a mule” — a promise to former slaves — would be hatched from this meeting. Unfortunately, President Andrew Johnson would renege on this promise and many families never saw this promise come to fruition. While land ownership would have been a step in the right direction, negotiations robbed black families of an opportunity to invest in an economic future with. In this episode of Black History In Two Minutes or So hosted by Henry Louis Gates Jr., with additional commentary from Evelynn Hammonds of Harvard University and Farah Griffin of Columbia University, we uncover the turbulent history of land ownership and the challenges black people faced in America. Black History in Two Minutes or so

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7x_m1EkyB_E May 16, 2019 After the Civil War, the Reconstruction era brought about hope and change in the form of citizenship and equality in America. Black men were given the right to vote, and in 1870, Hiram Revels became the first African American in the U.S. Congress when he was elected to represent Mississippi in the Senate. What followed included more than 2,000 Black office holders serving at every level of America’s political system. Sadly, this progress was short-lived. Black men were denied access to the ballot box and the rights they were granted at the start of the Reconstruction period slowly diminished. In result, a Black presence in Congress was completely eradicated by 1901, and it would take a full generation for it to be restored. In this episode of Black History in Two Minutes or So, we’ll discuss the African-American achievements in the political system that were systematically overturned. Black History in Two Minutes or so

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wkMy0PsUZIw Dec 6, 2016 Join Caitlin Verboon of the University of Maryland as she discusses the transition from slavery to freedom that former slaves faced after the Civil War. Learn about the efforts of the Freedmen's Bureau and about what life was like for freed African Americans after the Civil War. Filmed at the slave quarters of Arlington House, Virginia, the former home of Confederate General Robert E. Lee. Fighting for Freedom THE ROLE OF BLACK SOLDIERS IN AMERICA’S FIRST CENTURY: https://www.battlefields.org/learn/topics/fighting-freedom-black-soldiers-americas-first-century American Battlefield Trust

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y23NhTk_RlE Nov 1, 2020 Kristopher White of the American Battlefield Trust details the 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments of the Constitution, also known as the "Civil War Amendments," which granted new freedoms and rights to African Americans across the country after the end of the American Civil War. American Battlefield Trust

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rWdqTR2YkAU Oct 25, 2020 With nine days left until Election Day, many Americans hope the race finishes smoothly — unlike the disputed election of 1876. As the United States celebrated the centennial of the Declaration of Independence, a heated competition between Republican Rutherford B. Hayes and Democrat Samuel Tilden was rife with accusations of voter fraud and suppression. Mo Rocca speaks to historians about how the tight race was eventually decided. CBS Sunday Morning

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MVbo11hewjM Apr 8, 2022 America entered a special moment where freedom rang high and many of the promises of the constitution appeared to — in some ways — allow Black people to enjoy freedom and rights that were never seen before. From running for office, to voting and purchasing land, Black families had what appeared to be a real chance at thriving. However, by 1877, the costs became too much and white government officials began to figure out ways to work around the amendments that guaranteed Black people their freedom. With the Supreme Court on their side, many states began to roll back the rights of Black people. It would be nearly 100 years before legislation would come to pass that would protect many of the rights promised in the constitution. In this episode of Black History in Two Minutes or So hosted by Henry Louis Gates Jr. — with additional commentary from Heather Cox Richardson of Boston College and Steven Hahn of New York University — we look at the various ways Black people experienced a reduction in rights, all by the hands of white privilege. https://blackhistoryintwominutes.com Black History in Two Minutes or so

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Qcw3xU0D6s Nov 15, 2019 In 1872, Booker T. Washington traveled 500 miles on foot to the Hampton Institute in Virginia. That journey, in turn, laid the foundation — not only for his own education — but his life’s mission to empower and compel black people to invest in industrial education. Washington’s bright mind and forward thinking led him to become the principal and leader at the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama in 1881. He would go on to gain national notoriety as a lecturer and influencer. While the content of his speeches promoted black growth at its heart, it would be a speech in 1895, the “Atlanta Compromise,” that rattled many black followers. In this episode of Black History in Two Minutes or So hosted by Henry Louis Gates Jr. — with additional commentary from Farah Griffin of Columbia University, Shawn Alexander from the University of Kansas, Chad Williams of Brandeis University, Kimberlé Crenshaw of UCLA and Columbia law schools, and Hasan Jeffries of Ohio State University — we honor the legacy of Washington. The celebrated orator and author’s contributions are still felt in society today, and he’s a visionary who recognized that investing in ourselves would lead to successes unseen. Black History in Two Minutes or so

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s81gUknoKAA Oct 25, 2019 In 1865, after the north won the Civil War, the government opened the Freedman’s Bank. This institution was geared towards nearly four million, newly freed black people. The objective was clear: provide a federally protected place for black workers to place their funds. By 1871, 37 branches were open in the US, with over 70,000 people depositing $60 million into this bank. This was particularly amazing considering the limited amount of wealth many emancipated blacks had just years earlier. But in 1873, a great depression happened, shifting the economy and heightening tensions nationally. Hosted by Henry Louis Gates Jr. — with additional commentary from Hasan Jeffries and Vincent Brown — we look at what many would consider to be one of the leading causes of generational distrust in banking institutions for black families across the United States. Black History in Two Minutes or so

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q5vYbFL7OHI Dec 4, 2020 With the formal ending of slavery in place, many freed black people saw this as an opportunity to start anew. But, for those in the south, things didn’t seem much different. The southern black experience saw more aggression, lynchings and segregation. As a result, the time to move was imminent. World War I allowed black people to enter the factory workspace as they left the south. As black people migrated, they were able to establish their own neighborhoods. By World War II, these communities were able to welcome more black migrants and aid in their entrance into an industrialized workforce. In this episode of Black History In Two Minutes or So hosted by Henry Louis Gates Jr., with additional commentary from Nell Irvin Painter of Princeton University and Farah Griffin of Columbia University, we look at how black people left the south in hopes of freedom, equality, and new opportunities. Black History in Two Minutes or so