Practicing Safety & First Aid

HPE Lesson Plans - Health - KHE, 1HE, 2HE, 3HE, 4HE, 5HE

Safety | Mental, Social & Emotional Health | Substance Abuse & Disease Prevention | Growing Up Healthy

5TH GRADE VIRTUAL HEALTH

L1: School Bus Safety| L2: Preparing for the Unexpected | L3: Practicing Safety & First Aid | L4: Safety & Bicycling | L34: School Bus Safety | L35: Fire Safety | L36: Preventing Violence | L37: Organizations That Protect Public Health | EXTRA: Handling Community Emergencies

Safety

Practicing Safety & First Aid

See below for the following:

Standard(s), Essential Question(s), Big Idea(s)

LEARNING TARGET / SUCCESS CRITERIA

I will practice safety at play and in motor vehicles.

I will analyze safety equipment.

I will explain first-aid treatment for common injuries.

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PRE-INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITY

Vocabulary

cut - a break in the skin that usually bleeds

scrape - a painful wound in which skin has been rubbed or scraped away, usually with little bleeding

antiseptic - a medicine that helps keep the scrape from becoming infected

cramp - an uncontrolled spasm of a muscle (not an injury, but can be painful)

bruise - an injury in which blood vessels break under the skin / bruises often swell and turn dark red or purple

OPENING (Engage)

Main Idea

Practicing safety prevents or reduces injuries. First-aid steps help care for common injuries.

Why Learn This?

You can use what you learn to help you stay safe during sports and play. You can also use what you learn to treat common injuries.

WORK PERIOD (Explore/Explain/Extend/Elaborate)

READ: Practicing Safety & First Aid

Tasha lost control of her bike while riding down a hill. Her crash into a tree left her with several injuries that her doctor treated. She became one of the more than 400,000 people each year treated for bicycle injuries. Many more people are injured on skateboards and in-line skates.

How can you prevent injuries while playing?

One of the best ways to prevent injuries is to know and follow safety rules. Most safety rules have to do with using common sense. Never push or shove. Wait your turn. Keep your cool. Don't fight. Play only in familiar places. Stay away from areas where there is traffic, such as streets and parking lots. Especially avoid places where people sometimes carry firearms or weapons or where you know violence has occurred.

Playground Safety

A playground is supposed to be a safe place. However, many young people get hurt at play-grounds, most often from falling. People fall on playgrounds when they are climbing ladders, running over slippery surfaces, or climbing or standing on surfaces that slide or tip.

Sometimes playground equipment is old or unsafe. It can have splinters, sharp corners, loose parts, and nails or bolts that stick out. Before you play, make sure the equipment is in good condition.

Also, some playgrounds are built on dirt, grass, gravel, or pavement. These surfaces are hard. If you fall, you will probably be hurt. The safest playgrounds are covered with a deep layer of coarse sand, shredded or chipped bark, or shredded tires. These surfaces cushion a fall.

The clothes you wear at a playground can also help keep you safe. The most important things to wear are shoes. Broken glass, nails, splinters, and other sharp objects can become hidden in sand or wood chips and injure bare feet. Wearing long, pants can help prevent scrapes on your knees and legs. Don't wear clothes that have drawstrings, Drawstrings can get caught on playground equipment.

How can you stay safe at an amusement park?

Roller coasters and other amusement park rides are exciting. However, about 7,500 people get injured in amusement parks every year. Many of these injuries occur because people do unsafe or foolish things. Here are some tips for having a safe, fun visit to an amusement park.

• Read and follow all the safety rules. Rules include not standing up, leaning out of, or placing your hands or legs outside of the ride car.

• Follow the directions given to you by the ride operators.

• Always use the safety belts and bars.

What safety equipment can you wear to reduce risks of injury?

Helmets, mouth guards, knee pads, safety belts-all kinds of equipment have been developed to prevent injuries and make playing safer. Wearing the proper safety equipment is especially important when you are riding in motor vehicles, bicycling, skating, skateboarding, and taking part in any active sport.

Safety Belts 

Buckling up every time you ride in a car takes fewer than ten seconds. These ten seconds can save your life in a car crash. Most states have laws requiring people to wear safety belts in cars. The best type of safety belt is a shoulder and lap belt. Note that the belt is adiusted so that it lies across the shoulder. The belt may touch the base of your neck, but it shouldn't cross your neck or face. Adjust the lap belt so that it fits snugly across your hips -not your stomach. If you can lean over and touch the floor, the belts are too loose. The back seat is the safest place for children to ride. Never share a safety belt with another person.

Helmets

Some states or cities require all children to wear bicycle helmets. Even it your state doesn't have this law, you should always wear a helmet when bicycling, skateboarding, or skating.

Helmets can reduce head injuries by up to 85 percent. People playing sports such as football, hockey, or baseball should wear helmets with face guards.

Mouth Guards and Goggles 

Face guards on helmets only help protect the mouth and eves from some kinds of injuries.

Mouth guards and goggles prevent other kinds of injuries. Mouth guards cushion blows and help prevent painful mouth, teeth, and head injuries. Dentists recommend that people playing any sport wear mouth guards.

You may have seen professional basketball stars wearing goggles. These players are protecting their eyes from flying elbows and other court hazards. Eye doctors estimate that 90 percent of sports injuries to the eyes are preventable. They suggest that all players in all sports, including tennis and hockey, wear safety goggles.

Wrist Guards, Knee Pads, and Elbow Pads 

Skaters, skateboarders, and players of many team sports get wrist, elbow, and knee injuries. Elbow pads, knee pads, and wrist guards can help protect them against these injuries.

Reflective Vests 

Bicyclists share the streets with motor vehicles. To be safe, bicyclists should always wear bright fluorescent vests so drivers can see them easily. The vest will also make it easier for drivers to see people who walk at night.

An important rule to remember is that safety equipment can't protect you if you don't wear it.

Always put on the proper safety gear every time you ride or play. The few seconds it takes can help you avoid injuries.

How can you care for common injuries?

Most common injuries aren't serious. Everyone has gotten cuts, scrapes, cramps, and bruises at one time or another. These injuries hurt, but if you take care of them, they heal quickly.

A cut is a break in the skin that usually bleeds. Cuts are caused by sharp objects, such as broken glass, scissors, and knives. The edges of a cut can be smooth or jagged. Follow these steps to treat a cut.

1. Wash your hands well with soap and warm water.

2. Control the bleeding. Find a sterile bandage or a clean cloth, and place it directly over the cut. Press down hard until the bleeding stops.

3. Put another sterile bandage on the cut, but do not apply it too tightly.

A scrape is a painful wound in which skin has been rubbed or scraped away, usually with little bleeding. The scraped area may have dirt in it. Here's what to do.

1. Wash any dirt off the scraped skin by holding it under running water. You may blot the skin gently with a clean cloth to help remove loose dirt.

2. Using a clean cloth, wash the area with soap and warm water.

3. Blot the area dry. Apply antiseptic (an-tuh-sep-tik), a medicine that helps keep the scrape from becoming infected.

4. Cover the area with a sterile bandage.

A muscle cramp is an uncontrolled spasm or tightening of a muscle. Muscle cramps are not injuries, but they can be very painful. Muscle cramps often result from a lack of water. If you get a muscle cramp, follow these steps.

1. Gently and slowly stretch out the cramped muscle.

2. Relax the muscle by pressing it firmly.

3. Apply ice packs. Keep a layer of cloth between the ice and skin.

4. Drink water.

A bruise is an injury in which blood vessels break under the skin. Bruises often swell and turn dark red or purple. Treat bruises with I.C.E. - Ice, Compress, and Elevate.

1. Apply ice packs or cold packs to reduce swelling and pain. Remember to keep a cloth between the ice and skin.

2. If possible, compress to control swelling in the bruised area. Wrap the bruised area with an elastic bandage, but not too tightly.

3. Elevate, or raise, the bruised area above the heart level. This helps limit swelling by slowing blood flow to the area.

Remember that practicing safety prevents or reduces injuries. First-aid steps help care for common injuries. You can use what you learn to help you stay safe during sports and play. You can also use what you learn to treat common injuries.

CLOSING (Evaluate)

• Complete Lesson Checkup

• Finished Early? (sign into BrainPOP using Clever)

  • Watch BrainPOP - First Aid

  • Watch BrainPOP - CPR

  • Watch BrainPOP - Concussions

  • Watch BrainPOP - Bicycle Safety

  • Watch BrainPOP - Food Safety

  • Watch BrainPOP - Lab Safety

  • Watch BrainPOP - Online Safety

  • Watch BrainPOP - Water Safety

Standard(s)

HE5.3a - identify characteristics of valid health information, products, and services

HE5.3b - access resources from home, school, and community that provide valid health information

HE5.3c - assess the characteristics of valid health information, products, and services

HE5.4a - apply effective verbal and nonverbal communication skills to enhance health

HE5.4c - demonstrate how to ask for assistance to enhance personal health and the health of others

HE5.5a - identify health-related situations that might require a thoughtful decision

HE5.5b - list healthy options and possible consequences to a health-related issue or problem

HE5.5c - predict the potential outcomes of each option when making a health-related decision

HE5.5d - analyze when assistance is needed in making a health-related decision

HE5.5e - choose a healthy option when making a decision

HE5.5f - describe the outcomes of a health-related decision

HE5.7a - practice responsible personal health choices

HE5.7b - demonstrate a variety of healthy practices and behaviors to preserve or enhance personal health

HE5.7c - model a variety of behaviors that prevent or decrease health risks to self and/or others

Essential Question(s)

1. What advice might you give children to help them stay safe and avoid injuries on playgrounds?

2. How can people who design and build playgrounds make them safer for children?

3. What kinds of safety equipment can help protect you when you ride a bicycle, skate, skateboard, or play sports?

Big Idea(s)

1. To stay safe and avoid injuries on playgrounds, Hold on to both sides of a swing's chains or ropes; watch out for people walking in front of or behind you when you are swinging; do not leap off swings or from the top of slides; go down a slide feet first.

2. To make playground safer for children playground designers should use sturdier materials for equipment with fewer parts that could come loose, not make any piece of equipment too high, make sure there is a safety zone around swings, and ensure there is a soft surface on the ground in case of falls.

3. The kinds of safety equipment that can help protect you when you ride a bicycle, skate, skateboard, or play sports include helmets, mouth guards, goggles, wrist guards, knee pads, elbow pads, reflective vests, long pants padded clothing, athletic shoes with appropriate soles, such as baseball and soccer cleats

RESOURCES / INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

• see below

DCSD Board-Approved Instruction Materials

• Your Health: Teacher's Edition - Grade 5. Harcourt Brace & Company. 1999.

Technology

• Google Sites - HPE website

• Chromebook

• large video screens for whole-class viewing

• sound system for sharing of audio

• BrainPOP - First Aid

• BrainPOP - CPR

• BrainPOP - Concussions

• BrainPOP - Bicycle Safety

• BrainPOP - Food Safety

• BrainPOP - Lab Safety

• BrainPOP - Online Safety

• BrainPOP - Water Safety