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Sherwan I. Tawfiq*, Dana A. Abdulkhaleq**, and Bestoon O. Hamma-Umin***
*Professor, Ph.D in Plant Breeding and Genetics, Field Crops Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Iraqi Kurdistan. E-mail: Sherwan.tofiq@univsul.edu.iq
**Lecturer, Ph.D in Plant Breeding and Genetics, Field Crops Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Iraqi Kurdistan. E-mail: dana.abdulkhaleq@univsul.edu.iq
***Assistant Lecturer, M.Sc. in Plant Breeding and Genetics, Field Crops Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Iraqi Kurdistan. E-mail: Bestoon.omer@univsul.edu.iq
Original: 07.08.2015; Revised: 02.12.2015; Accepted: 30.07.2015; Published online: 20.06.2016
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ABSTRACT
This investigation was conducted on maize (Zea mays L.) at two environmentally different locations in Sulaimani, viz. Kanipanka and Qlyasan. The objective was to investigate the correlation between kernel yield and other agronomic characters and their direct and indirect effects on yield through path coefficient analysis. For the first generation at Kanipanka, correlation studies revealed significant positive relationship of kernel yield with number of rows/ear, while at Qlyasan, kernel yield had significant positive correlation with plant height number of kernels/row and kernel weight/row. For the second generation kernel yield/plant had highly significant correlation with most of the studied characters at both locations. For the first generation, the path analysis revealed that, number of ear/plant and number of kernel/row recorded the maximum positive direct effect in kernel yield/plant at Kanipanka and Qlyasan, while the maximum negative direct effect in kernel yield exhibited by plant height and number of ear/plant at Kanipanka and Qlyasan. The maximum positive indirect effect on kernel yield/plant recorded by number of ear/plant via plant height and the maximum negative indirect effect recorded by plant height via number of ear/plant at Kanipanka location, while at Qlyasan location number of kernel/row gave the maximum positive indirect effect via kernel weight/row and the maximum negative indirect effect recorded by number of ear/plant via kernel weight/row. For the second generation, the maximum positive direct effect in kernel yield recorded by number of ear/plant and plant height at Kanipanka and Qlyasan locations, while the maximum negative direct effect recorded by 300-kernel weight at both locations. The maximum positive indirect effect showed by number of ear/plant via number of rows/ear at Kanipanka location. At Qlyasan, the maximum positive indirect recorded by plant height via kernel weight/ear. The maximum negative indirect effect recorded by 300-kernel weight via plant height at both locations. These results detected that number of ear/plant, number of kernels/row and plant height may be used as reliable criteria for improving kernel yield in maize.
KEYWORDS
Zea mays L.;
Correlation Analysis;
Path Coefficient Analysis;
Grain Yield
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